4 - The new ipseckey plugin enables authentication based on trustworthy public
5 keys stored as IPSECKEY resource records in the DNS and protected by DNSSEC.
6 To do so it uses a DNSSEC enabled resolver, like the one provided by the new
7 unbound plugin, which is based on libldns and libunbound. Both plugins were
8 created by Reto Guadagnini.
10 - Implemented the TCG TNC IF-IMV 1.4 draft making access requestor identities
11 available to an IMV. The OS IMV stores the AR identity together with the
12 device ID in the attest database.
14 - The openssl plugin now uses the AES-NI accelerated version of AES-GCM
15 if the hardware supports it.
17 - The eap-radius plugin can now assign virtual IPs to IKE clients using the
18 Framed-IP-Address attribute by using the "%radius" named pool in the
19 rightsourceip ipsec.conf option. Cisco Banner attributes are forwarded to
20 Unity-capable IKEv1 clients during mode config. charon now sends Interim
21 Accounting updates if requested by the RADIUS server, reports
22 sent/received packets in Accounting messages, and adds a Terminate-Cause
25 - The recently introduced "ipsec listcounters" command can report connection
26 specific counters by passing a connection name, and global or connection
27 counters can be reset by the "ipsec resetcounters" command.
29 - The strongSwan libpttls library provides an experimental implementation of
30 PT-TLS (RFC 6876), a Posture Transport Protocol over TLS.
32 - The charon systime-fix plugin can disable certificate lifetime checks on
33 embedded systems if the system time is obviously out of sync after bootup.
34 Certificates lifetimes get checked once the system time gets sane, closing
35 or reauthenticating connections using expired certificates.
37 - The "ikedscp" ipsec.conf option can set DiffServ code points on outgoing
43 - Implemented all IETF Standard PA-TNC attributes and an OS IMC/IMV
44 pair using them to transfer operating system information.
46 - The new "ipsec listcounters" command prints a list of global counter values
47 about received and sent IKE messages and rekeyings.
49 - A new lookip plugin can perform fast lookup of tunnel information using a
50 clients virtual IP and can send notifications about established or deleted
51 tunnels. The "ipsec lookip" command can be used to query such information
52 or receive notifications.
54 - The new error-notify plugin catches some common error conditions and allows
55 an external application to receive notifications for them over a UNIX socket.
57 - IKE proposals can now use a PRF algorithm different to that defined for
58 integrity protection. If an algorithm with a "prf" prefix is defined
59 explicitly (such as prfsha1 or prfsha256), no implicit PRF algorithm based on
60 the integrity algorithm is added to the proposal.
62 - The pkcs11 plugin can now load leftcert certificates from a smartcard for a
63 specific ipsec.conf conn section and cacert CA certificates for a specific ca
66 - The load-tester plugin gained additional options for certificate generation
67 and can load keys and multiple CA certificates from external files. It can
68 install a dedicated outer IP address for each tunnel and tunnel initiation
69 batches can be triggered and monitored externally using the
70 "ipsec load-tester" tool.
72 - PKCS#7 container parsing has been modularized, and the openssl plugin
73 gained an alternative implementation to decrypt and verify such files.
74 In contrast to our own DER parser, OpenSSL can handle BER files, which is
75 required for interoperability of our scepclient with EJBCA.
77 - Support for the proprietary IKEv1 fragmentation extension has been added.
78 Fragments are always handled on receipt but only sent if supported by the peer
79 and if enabled with the new fragmentation ipsec.conf option.
81 - IKEv1 in charon can now parse certificates received in PKCS#7 containers and
82 supports NAT traversal as used by Windows clients. Patches courtesy of
85 - The new rdrand plugin provides a high quality / high performance random
86 source using the Intel rdrand instruction found on Ivy Bridge processors.
88 - The integration test environment was updated and now uses KVM and reproducible
89 guest images based on Debian.
95 - Introduced the sending of the standard IETF Assessment Result
96 PA-TNC attribute by all strongSwan Integrity Measurement Verifiers.
98 - Extended PTS Attestation IMC/IMV pair to provide full evidence of
99 the Linux IMA measurement process. All pertinent file information
100 of a Linux OS can be collected and stored in an SQL database.
102 - The PA-TNC and PB-TNC protocols can now process huge data payloads
103 >64 kB by distributing PA-TNC attributes over multiple PA-TNC messages
104 and these messages over several PB-TNC batches. As long as no
105 consolidated recommandation from all IMVs can be obtained, the TNC
106 server requests more client data by sending an empty SDATA batch.
108 - The rightgroups2 ipsec.conf option can require group membership during
109 a second authentication round, for example during XAuth authentication
110 against a RADIUS server.
112 - The xauth-pam backend can authenticate IKEv1 XAuth and Hybrid authenticated
113 clients against any PAM service. The IKEv2 eap-gtc plugin does not use
114 PAM directly anymore, but can use any XAuth backend to verify credentials,
117 - The new unity plugin brings support for some parts of the IKEv1 Cisco Unity
118 Extension. As client, charon narrows traffic selectors to the received
119 Split-Include attributes and automatically installs IPsec bypass policies
120 for received Local-LAN attributes. As server, charon sends Split-Include
121 attributes for leftsubnet definitions containing multiple subnets to Unity-
124 - An EAP-Nak payload is returned by clients if the gateway requests an EAP
125 method that the client does not support. Clients can also request a specific
126 EAP method by configuring that method with leftauth.
128 - The eap-dynamic plugin handles EAP-Nak payloads returned by clients and uses
129 these to select a different EAP method supported/requested by the client.
130 The plugin initially requests the first registered method or the first method
131 configured with charon.plugins.eap-dynamic.preferred.
133 - The new left/rightdns options specify connection specific DNS servers to
134 request/respond in IKEv2 configuration payloads or IKEv2 mode config. leftdns
135 can be any (comma separated) combination of %config4 and %config6 to request
136 multiple servers, both for IPv4 and IPv6. rightdns takes a list of DNS server
137 IP addresses to return.
139 - The left/rightsourceip options now accept multiple addresses or pools.
140 leftsourceip can be any (comma separated) combination of %config4, %config6
141 or fixed IP addresses to request. rightsourceip accepts multiple explicitly
142 specified or referenced named pools.
144 - Multiple connections can now share a single address pool when they use the
145 same definition in one of the rightsourceip pools.
147 - The options charon.interfaces_ignore and charon.interfaces_use allow one to
148 configure the network interfaces used by the daemon.
150 - The kernel-netlink plugin supports the charon.install_virtual_ip_on option,
151 which specifies the interface on which virtual IP addresses will be installed.
152 If it is not specified the current behavior of using the outbound interface
155 - The kernel-netlink plugin tries to keep the current source address when
156 looking for valid routes to reach other hosts.
158 - The autotools build has been migrated to use a config.h header. strongSwan
159 development headers will get installed during "make install" if
160 --with-dev-headers has been passed to ./configure.
162 - All crypto primitives gained return values for most operations, allowing
163 crypto backends to fail, for example when using hardware accelerators.
169 - The charon IKE daemon gained experimental support for the IKEv1 protocol.
170 Pluto has been removed from the 5.x series, and unless strongSwan is
171 configured with --disable-ikev1 or --disable-ikev2, charon handles both
172 keying protocols. The feature-set of IKEv1 in charon is almost on par with
173 pluto, but currently does not support AH or bundled AH+ESP SAs. Beside
174 RSA/ECDSA, PSK and XAuth, charon also supports the Hybrid authentication
175 mode. Informations for interoperability and migration is available at
176 http://wiki.strongswan.org/projects/strongswan/wiki/CharonPlutoIKEv1.
178 - Charon's bus_t has been refactored so that loggers and other listeners are
179 now handled separately. The single lock was previously cause for deadlocks
180 if extensive listeners, such as the one provided by the updown plugin, wanted
181 to acquire locks that were held by other threads which in turn tried to log
182 messages, and thus were waiting to acquire the same lock currently held by
183 the thread calling the listener.
184 The implemented changes also allow the use of a read/write-lock for the
185 loggers which increases performance if multiple loggers are registered.
186 Besides several interface changes this last bit also changes the semantics
187 for loggers as these may now be called by multiple threads at the same time.
189 - Source routes are reinstalled if interfaces are reactivated or IP addresses
192 - The thread pool (processor_t) now has more control over the lifecycle of
193 a job (see job.h for details). In particular, it now controls the destruction
194 of jobs after execution and the cancellation of jobs during shutdown. Due to
195 these changes the requeueing feature, previously available to callback_job_t
196 only, is now available to all jobs (in addition to a new rescheduling
199 - In addition to trustchain key strength definitions for different public key
200 systems, the rightauth option now takes a list of signature hash algorithms
201 considered save for trustchain validation. For example, the setting
202 rightauth=rsa-2048-ecdsa-256-sha256-sha384-sha512 requires a trustchain
203 that uses at least RSA-2048 or ECDSA-256 keys and certificate signatures
204 using SHA-256 or better.
210 - Fixed a security vulnerability in the gmp plugin. If this plugin was used
211 for RSA signature verification an empty or zeroed signature was handled as
214 - Fixed several issues with reauthentication and address updates.
220 - The tnc-pdp plugin implements a RADIUS server interface allowing
221 a strongSwan TNC server to act as a Policy Decision Point.
223 - The eap-radius authentication backend enforces Session-Timeout attributes
224 using RFC4478 repeated authentication and acts upon RADIUS Dynamic
225 Authorization extensions, RFC 5176. Currently supported are disconnect
226 requests and CoA messages containing a Session-Timeout.
228 - The eap-radius plugin can forward arbitrary RADIUS attributes from and to
229 clients using custom IKEv2 notify payloads. The new radattr plugin reads
230 attributes to include from files and prints received attributes to the
233 - Added support for untruncated MD5 and SHA1 HMACs in ESP as used in
236 - The cmac plugin implements the AES-CMAC-96 and AES-CMAC-PRF-128 algorithms
237 as defined in RFC 4494 and RFC 4615, respectively.
239 - The resolve plugin automatically installs nameservers via resolvconf(8),
240 if it is installed, instead of modifying /etc/resolv.conf directly.
242 - The IKEv2 charon daemon supports now raw RSA public keys in RFC 3110
243 DNSKEY and PKCS#1 file format.
249 - Upgraded the TCG IF-IMC and IF-IMV C API to the upcoming version 1.3
250 which supports IF-TNCCS 2.0 long message types, the exclusive flags
251 and multiple IMC/IMV IDs. Both the TNC Client and Server as well as
252 the "Test", "Scanner", and "Attestation" IMC/IMV pairs were updated.
254 - Fully implemented the "TCG Attestation PTS Protocol: Binding to IF-M"
255 standard (TLV-based messages only). TPM-based remote attestation of
256 Linux IMA (Integrity Measurement Architecture) possible. Measurement
257 reference values are automatically stored in an SQLite database.
259 - The EAP-RADIUS authentication backend supports RADIUS accounting. It sends
260 start/stop messages containing Username, Framed-IP and Input/Output-Octets
261 attributes and has been tested against FreeRADIUS and Microsoft NPS.
263 - Added support for PKCS#8 encoded private keys via the libstrongswan
264 pkcs8 plugin. This is the default format used by some OpenSSL tools since
265 version 1.0.0 (e.g. openssl req with -keyout).
267 - Added session resumption support to the strongSwan TLS stack.
273 - Because of changing checksums before and after installation which caused
274 the integrity tests to fail we avoided directly linking libsimaka, libtls and
275 libtnccs to those libcharon plugins which make use of these dynamic libraries.
276 Instead we linked the libraries to the charon daemon. Unfortunately Ubuntu
277 11.10 activated the --as-needed ld option which discards explicit links
278 to dynamic libraries that are not actually used by the charon daemon itself,
279 thus causing failures during the loading of the plugins which depend on these
280 libraries for resolving external symbols.
282 - Therefore our approach of computing integrity checksums for plugins had to be
283 changed radically by moving the hash generation from the compilation to the
284 post-installation phase.
290 - The new libstrongswan certexpire plugin collects expiration information of
291 all used certificates and exports them to CSV files. It either directly
292 exports them or uses cron style scheduling for batch exports.
294 - starter passes unresolved hostnames to charon, allowing it to do name
295 resolution not before the connection attempt. This is especially useful with
296 connections between hosts using dynamic IP addresses. Thanks to Mirko Parthey
297 for the initial patch.
299 - The android plugin can now be used without the Android frontend patch and
300 provides DNS server registration and logging to logcat.
302 - Pluto and starter (plus stroke and whack) have been ported to Android.
304 - Support for ECDSA private and public key operations has been added to the
305 pkcs11 plugin. The plugin now also provides DH and ECDH via PKCS#11 and can
306 use tokens as random number generators (RNG). By default only private key
307 operations are enabled, more advanced features have to be enabled by their
308 option in strongswan.conf. This also applies to public key operations (even
309 for keys not stored on the token) which were enabled by default before.
311 - The libstrongswan plugin system now supports detailed plugin dependencies.
312 Many plugins have been extended to export its capabilities and requirements.
313 This allows the plugin loader to resolve plugin loading order automatically,
314 and in future releases, to dynamically load the required features on demand.
315 Existing third party plugins are source (but not binary) compatible if they
316 properly initialize the new get_features() plugin function to NULL.
318 - The tnc-ifmap plugin implements a TNC IF-MAP 2.0 client which can deliver
319 metadata about IKE_SAs via a SOAP interface to a MAP server. The tnc-ifmap
320 plugin requires the Apache Axis2/C library.
326 - Our private libraries (e.g. libstrongswan) are not installed directly in
327 prefix/lib anymore. Instead a subdirectory is used (prefix/lib/ipsec/ by
328 default). The plugins directory is also moved from libexec/ipsec/ to that
331 - The dynamic IMC/IMV libraries were moved from the plugins directory to
332 a new imcvs directory in the prefix/lib/ipsec/ subdirectory.
334 - Job priorities were introduced to prevent thread starvation caused by too
335 many threads handling blocking operations (such as CRL fetching). Refer to
336 strongswan.conf(5) for details.
338 - Two new strongswan.conf options allow to fine-tune performance on IKEv2
339 gateways by dropping IKE_SA_INIT requests on high load.
341 - IKEv2 charon daemon supports start PASS and DROP shunt policies
342 preventing traffic to go through IPsec connections. Installation of the
343 shunt policies either via the XFRM netfilter or PFKEYv2 IPsec kernel
346 - The history of policies installed in the kernel is now tracked so that e.g.
347 trap policies are correctly updated when reauthenticated SAs are terminated.
349 - IMC/IMV Scanner pair implementing the RFC 5792 PA-TNC (IF-M) protocol.
350 Using "netstat -l" the IMC scans open listening ports on the TNC client
351 and sends a port list to the IMV which based on a port policy decides if
352 the client is admitted to the network.
353 (--enable-imc-scanner/--enable-imv-scanner).
355 - IMC/IMV Test pair implementing the RFC 5792 PA-TNC (IF-M) protocol.
356 (--enable-imc-test/--enable-imv-test).
358 - The IKEv2 close action does not use the same value as the ipsec.conf dpdaction
359 setting, but the value defined by its own closeaction keyword. The action
360 is triggered if the remote peer closes a CHILD_SA unexpectedly.
366 - The whitelist plugin for the IKEv2 daemon maintains an in-memory identity
367 whitelist. Any connection attempt of peers not whitelisted will get rejected.
368 The 'ipsec whitelist' utility provides a simple command line frontend for
369 whitelist administration.
371 - The duplicheck plugin provides a specialized form of duplicate checking,
372 doing a liveness check on the old SA and optionally notify a third party
373 application about detected duplicates.
375 - The coupling plugin permanently couples two or more devices by limiting
376 authentication to previously used certificates.
378 - In the case that the peer config and child config don't have the same name
379 (usually in SQL database defined connections), ipsec up|route <peer config>
380 starts|routes all associated child configs and ipsec up|route <child config>
381 only starts|routes the specific child config.
383 - fixed the encoding and parsing of X.509 certificate policy statements (CPS).
385 - Duncan Salerno contributed the eap-sim-pcsc plugin implementing a
386 pcsc-lite based SIM card backend.
388 - The eap-peap plugin implements the EAP PEAP protocol. Interoperates
389 successfully with a FreeRADIUS server and Windows 7 Agile VPN clients.
391 - The IKEv2 daemon charon rereads strongswan.conf on SIGHUP and instructs
392 all plugins to reload. Currently only the eap-radius and the attr plugins
393 support configuration reloading.
395 - Added userland support to the IKEv2 daemon for Extended Sequence Numbers
396 support coming with Linux 2.6.39. To enable ESN on a connection, add
397 the 'esn' keyword to the proposal. The default proposal uses 32-bit sequence
398 numbers only ('noesn'), and the same value is used if no ESN mode is
399 specified. To negotiate ESN support with the peer, include both, e.g.
400 esp=aes128-sha1-esn-noesn.
402 - In addition to ESN, Linux 2.6.39 gained support for replay windows larger
403 than 32 packets. The new global strongswan.conf option 'charon.replay_window'
404 configures the size of the replay window, in packets.
410 - Sansar Choinyambuu implemented the RFC 5793 Posture Broker Protocol (BP)
411 compatible with Trusted Network Connect (TNC). The TNCCS 2.0 protocol
412 requires the tnccs_20, tnc_imc and tnc_imv plugins but does not depend
413 on the libtnc library. Any available IMV/IMC pairs conforming to the
414 Trusted Computing Group's TNC-IF-IMV/IMC 1.2 interface specification
415 can be loaded via /etc/tnc_config.
417 - Re-implemented the TNCCS 1.1 protocol by using the tnc_imc and tnc_imv
418 in place of the external libtnc library.
420 - The tnccs_dynamic plugin loaded on a TNC server in addition to the
421 tnccs_11 and tnccs_20 plugins, dynamically detects the IF-TNCCS
422 protocol version used by a TNC client and invokes an instance of
423 the corresponding protocol stack.
425 - IKE and ESP proposals can now be stored in an SQL database using a
426 new proposals table. The start_action field in the child_configs
427 tables allows the automatic starting or routing of connections stored
430 - The new certificate_authorities and certificate_distribution_points
431 tables make it possible to store CRL and OCSP Certificate Distribution
432 points in an SQL database.
434 - The new 'include' statement allows to recursively include other files in
435 strongswan.conf. Existing sections and values are thereby extended and
436 replaced, respectively.
438 - Due to the changes in the parser for strongswan.conf, the configuration
439 syntax for the attr plugin has changed. Previously, it was possible to
440 specify multiple values of a specific attribute type by adding multiple
441 key/value pairs with the same key (e.g. dns) to the plugins.attr section.
442 Because values with the same key now replace previously defined values
443 this is not possible anymore. As an alternative, multiple values can be
444 specified by separating them with a comma (e.g. dns = 1.2.3.4, 2.3.4.5).
446 - ipsec listalgs now appends (set in square brackets) to each crypto
447 algorithm listed the plugin that registered the function.
449 - Traffic Flow Confidentiality padding supported with Linux 2.6.38 can be used
450 by the IKEv2 daemon. The ipsec.conf 'tfc' keyword pads all packets to a given
451 boundary, the special value '%mtu' pads all packets to the path MTU.
453 - The new af-alg plugin can use various crypto primitives of the Linux Crypto
454 API using the AF_ALG interface introduced with 2.6.38. This removes the need
455 for additional userland implementations of symmetric cipher, hash, hmac and
458 - The IKEv2 daemon supports the INITIAL_CONTACT notify as initiator and
459 responder. The notify is sent when initiating configurations with a unique
460 policy, set in ipsec.conf via the global 'uniqueids' option.
462 - The conftest conformance testing framework enables the IKEv2 stack to perform
463 many tests using a distinct tool and configuration frontend. Various hooks
464 can alter reserved bits, flags, add custom notifies and proposals, reorder
465 or drop messages and much more. It is enabled using the --enable-conftest
468 - The new libstrongswan constraints plugin provides advanced X.509 constraint
469 checking. In additon to X.509 pathLen constraints, the plugin checks for
470 nameConstraints and certificatePolicies, including policyMappings and
471 policyConstraints. The x509 certificate plugin and the pki tool have been
472 enhanced to support these extensions. The new left/rightcertpolicy ipsec.conf
473 connection keywords take OIDs a peer certificate must have.
475 - The left/rightauth ipsec.conf keywords accept values with a minimum strength
476 for trustchain public keys in bits, such as rsa-2048 or ecdsa-256.
478 - The revocation and x509 libstrongswan plugins and the pki tool gained basic
479 support for delta CRLs.
485 - IMPORTANT: the default keyexchange mode 'ike' is changing with release 4.5
486 from 'ikev1' to 'ikev2', thus commemorating the five year anniversary of the
487 IKEv2 RFC 4306 and its mature successor RFC 5996. The time has definitively
488 come for IKEv1 to go into retirement and to cede its place to the much more
489 robust, powerful and versatile IKEv2 protocol!
491 - Added new ctr, ccm and gcm plugins providing Counter, Counter with CBC-MAC
492 and Galois/Counter Modes based on existing CBC implementations. These
493 new plugins bring support for AES and Camellia Counter and CCM algorithms
494 and the AES GCM algorithms for use in IKEv2.
496 - The new pkcs11 plugin brings full Smartcard support to the IKEv2 daemon and
497 the pki utility using one or more PKCS#11 libraries. It currently supports
498 RSA private and public key operations and loads X.509 certificates from
501 - Implemented a general purpose TLS stack based on crypto and credential
502 primitives of libstrongswan. libtls supports TLS versions 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2,
503 ECDHE-ECDSA/RSA, DHE-RSA and RSA key exchange algorithms and RSA/ECDSA based
504 client authentication.
506 - Based on libtls, the eap-tls plugin brings certificate based EAP
507 authentication for client and server. It is compatible to Windows 7 IKEv2
508 Smartcard authentication and the OpenSSL based FreeRADIUS EAP-TLS backend.
510 - Implemented the TNCCS 1.1 Trusted Network Connect protocol using the
511 libtnc library on the strongSwan client and server side via the tnccs_11
512 plugin and optionally connecting to a TNC@FHH-enhanced FreeRADIUS AAA server.
513 Depending on the resulting TNC Recommendation, strongSwan clients are granted
514 access to a network behind a strongSwan gateway (allow), are put into a
515 remediation zone (isolate) or are blocked (none), respectively. Any number
516 of Integrity Measurement Collector/Verifier pairs can be attached
517 via the tnc-imc and tnc-imv charon plugins.
519 - The IKEv1 daemon pluto now uses the same kernel interfaces as the IKEv2
520 daemon charon. As a result of this, pluto now supports xfrm marks which
521 were introduced in charon with 4.4.1.
523 - Applets for Maemo 5 (Nokia) allow to easily configure and control IKEv2
524 based VPN connections with EAP authentication on supported devices.
526 - The RADIUS plugin eap-radius now supports multiple RADIUS servers for
527 redundant setups. Servers are selected by a defined priority, server load and
530 - The simple led plugin controls hardware LEDs through the Linux LED subsystem.
531 It currently shows activity of the IKE daemon and is a good example how to
532 implement a simple event listener.
534 - Improved MOBIKE behavior in several corner cases, for instance, if the
535 initial responder moves to a different address.
537 - Fixed left-/rightnexthop option, which was broken since 4.4.0.
539 - Fixed a bug not releasing a virtual IP address to a pool if the XAUTH
540 identity was different from the IKE identity.
542 - Fixed the alignment of ModeConfig messages on 4-byte boundaries in the
543 case where the attributes are not a multiple of 4 bytes (e.g. Cisco's
546 - Fixed the interoperability of the socket_raw and socket_default
549 - Added man page for strongswan.conf
555 - Support of xfrm marks in IPsec SAs and IPsec policies introduced
556 with the Linux 2.6.34 kernel. For details see the example scenarios
557 ikev2/nat-two-rw-mark, ikev2/rw-nat-mark-in-out and ikev2/net2net-psk-dscp.
559 - The PLUTO_MARK_IN and PLUTO_ESP_ENC environment variables can be used
560 in a user-specific updown script to set marks on inbound ESP or
563 - The openssl plugin now supports X.509 certificate and CRL functions.
565 - OCSP/CRL checking in IKEv2 has been moved to the revocation plugin, enabled
566 by default. Plase update manual load directives in strongswan.conf.
568 - RFC3779 ipAddrBlock constraint checking has been moved to the addrblock
569 plugin, disabled by default. Enable it and update manual load directives
570 in strongswan.conf, if required.
572 - The pki utility supports CRL generation using the --signcrl command.
574 - The ipsec pki --self, --issue and --req commands now support output in
575 PEM format using the --outform pem option.
577 - The major refactoring of the IKEv1 Mode Config functionality now allows
578 the transport and handling of any Mode Config attribute.
580 - The RADIUS proxy plugin eap-radius now supports multiple servers. Configured
581 servers are chosen randomly, with the option to prefer a specific server.
582 Non-responding servers are degraded by the selection process.
584 - The ipsec pool tool manages arbitrary configuration attributes stored
585 in an SQL database. ipsec pool --help gives the details.
587 - The new eap-simaka-sql plugin acts as a backend for EAP-SIM and EAP-AKA,
588 reading triplets/quintuplets from an SQL database.
590 - The High Availability plugin now supports a HA enabled in-memory address
591 pool and Node reintegration without IKE_SA rekeying. The latter allows
592 clients without IKE_SA rekeying support to keep connected during
593 reintegration. Additionally, many other issues have been fixed in the ha
596 - Fixed a potential remote code execution vulnerability resulting from
597 the misuse of snprintf(). The vulnerability is exploitable by
598 unauthenticated users.
604 - The IKEv2 High Availability plugin has been integrated. It provides
605 load sharing and failover capabilities in a cluster of currently two nodes,
606 based on an extend ClusterIP kernel module. More information is available at
607 http://wiki.strongswan.org/projects/strongswan/wiki/HighAvailability.
608 The development of the High Availability functionality was sponsored by
609 secunet Security Networks AG.
611 - Added IKEv1 and IKEv2 configuration support for the AES-GMAC
612 authentication-only ESP cipher. Our aes_gmac kernel patch or a Linux
613 2.6.34 kernel is required to make AES-GMAC available via the XFRM
616 - Added support for Diffie-Hellman groups 22, 23 and 24 to the gmp, gcrypt
617 and openssl plugins, usable by both pluto and charon. The new proposal
618 keywords are modp1024s160, modp2048s224 and modp2048s256. Thanks to Joy Latten
619 from IBM for his contribution.
621 - The IKEv1 pluto daemon supports RAM-based virtual IP pools using
622 the rightsourceip directive with a subnet from which addresses
625 - The ipsec pki --gen and --pub commands now allow the output of
626 private and public keys in PEM format using the --outform pem
629 - The new DHCP plugin queries virtual IP addresses for clients from a DHCP
630 server using broadcasts, or a defined server using the
631 charon.plugins.dhcp.server strongswan.conf option. DNS/WINS server information
632 is additionally served to clients if the DHCP server provides such
633 information. The plugin is used in ipsec.conf configurations having
634 rightsourceip set to %dhcp.
636 - A new plugin called farp fakes ARP responses for virtual IP addresses
637 handed out to clients from the IKEv2 daemon charon. The plugin lets a
638 road-warrior act as a client on the local LAN if it uses a virtual IP
639 from the responders subnet, e.g. acquired using the DHCP plugin.
641 - The existing IKEv2 socket implementations have been migrated to the
642 socket-default and the socket-raw plugins. The new socket-dynamic plugin
643 binds sockets dynamically to ports configured via the left-/rightikeport
644 ipsec.conf connection parameters.
646 - The android charon plugin stores received DNS server information as "net.dns"
647 system properties, as used by the Android platform.
653 - The IKEv2 daemon supports RFC 3779 IP address block constraints
654 carried as a critical X.509v3 extension in the peer certificate.
656 - The ipsec pool --add|del dns|nbns command manages DNS and NBNS name
657 server entries that are sent via the IKEv1 Mode Config or IKEv2
658 Configuration Payload to remote clients.
660 - The Camellia cipher can be used as an IKEv1 encryption algorithm.
662 - The IKEv1 and IKEV2 daemons now check certificate path length constraints.
664 - The new ipsec.conf conn option "inactivity" closes a CHILD_SA if no traffic
665 was sent or received within the given interval. To close the complete IKE_SA
666 if its only CHILD_SA was inactive, set the global strongswan.conf option
667 "charon.inactivity_close_ike" to yes.
669 - More detailed IKEv2 EAP payload information in debug output
671 - IKEv2 EAP-SIM and EAP-AKA share joint libsimaka library
673 - Added required userland changes for proper SHA256 and SHA384/512 in ESP that
674 will be introduced with Linux 2.6.33. The "sha256"/"sha2_256" keyword now
675 configures the kernel with 128 bit truncation, not the non-standard 96
676 bit truncation used by previous releases. To use the old 96 bit truncation
677 scheme, the new "sha256_96" proposal keyword has been introduced.
679 - Fixed IPComp in tunnel mode, stripping out the duplicated outer header. This
680 change makes IPcomp tunnel mode connections incompatible with previous
681 releases; disable compression on such tunnels.
683 - Fixed BEET mode connections on recent kernels by installing SAs with
684 appropriate traffic selectors, based on a patch by Michael Rossberg.
686 - Using extensions (such as BEET mode) and crypto algorithms (such as twofish,
687 serpent, sha256_96) allocated in the private use space now require that we
688 know its meaning, i.e. we are talking to strongSwan. Use the new
689 "charon.send_vendor_id" option in strongswan.conf to let the remote peer know
692 - Experimental support for draft-eronen-ipsec-ikev2-eap-auth, where the
693 responder omits public key authentication in favor of a mutual authentication
694 method. To enable EAP-only authentication, set rightauth=eap on the responder
695 to rely only on the MSK constructed AUTH payload. This not-yet standardized
696 extension requires the strongSwan vendor ID introduced above.
698 - The IKEv1 daemon ignores the Juniper SRX notification type 40001, thus
699 allowing interoperability.
705 - The IKEv1 pluto daemon can now use SQL-based address pools to deal out
706 virtual IP addresses as a Mode Config server. The pool capability has been
707 migrated from charon's sql plugin to a new attr-sql plugin which is loaded
708 by libstrongswan and which can be used by both daemons either with a SQLite
709 or MySQL database and the corresponding plugin.
711 - Plugin names have been streamlined: EAP plugins now have a dash after eap
712 (e.g. eap-sim), as it is used with the --enable-eap-sim ./configure option.
713 Plugin configuration sections in strongswan.conf now use the same name as the
714 plugin itself (i.e. with a dash). Make sure to update "load" directives and
715 the affected plugin sections in existing strongswan.conf files.
717 - The private/public key parsing and encoding has been split up into
718 separate pkcs1, pgp, pem and dnskey plugins. The public key implementation
719 plugins gmp, gcrypt and openssl can all make use of them.
721 - The EAP-AKA plugin can use different backends for USIM/quintuplet
722 calculations, very similar to the EAP-SIM plugin. The existing 3GPP2 software
723 implementation has been migrated to a separate plugin.
725 - The IKEv2 daemon charon gained basic PGP support. It can use locally installed
726 peer certificates and can issue signatures based on RSA private keys.
728 - The new 'ipsec pki' tool provides a set of commands to maintain a public
729 key infrastructure. It currently supports operations to create RSA and ECDSA
730 private/public keys, calculate fingerprints and issue or verify certificates.
732 - Charon uses a monotonic time source for statistics and job queueing, behaving
733 correctly if the system time changes (e.g. when using NTP).
735 - In addition to time based rekeying, charon supports IPsec SA lifetimes based
736 on processed volume or number of packets. They new ipsec.conf paramaters
737 'lifetime' (an alias to 'keylife'), 'lifebytes' and 'lifepackets' handle
738 SA timeouts, while the parameters 'margintime' (an alias to rekeymargin),
739 'marginbytes' and 'marginpackets' trigger the rekeying before a SA expires.
740 The existing parameter 'rekeyfuzz' affects all margins.
742 - If no CA/Gateway certificate is specified in the NetworkManager plugin,
743 charon uses a set of trusted root certificates preinstalled by distributions.
744 The directory containing CA certificates can be specified using the
745 --with-nm-ca-dir=path configure option.
747 - Fixed the encoding of the Email relative distinguished name in left|rightid
750 - Fixed the broken parsing of PKCS#7 wrapped certificates by the pluto daemon.
752 - Fixed smartcard-based authentication in the pluto daemon which was broken by
753 the ECDSA support introduced with the 4.3.2 release.
755 - A patch contributed by Heiko Hund fixes mixed IPv6 in IPv4 and vice versa
756 tunnels established with the IKEv1 pluto daemon.
758 - The pluto daemon now uses the libstrongswan x509 plugin for certificates and
759 CRls and the struct id type was replaced by identification_t used by charon
760 and the libstrongswan library.
766 - IKEv2 charon daemon ported to FreeBSD and Mac OS X. Installation details can
767 be found on wiki.strongswan.org.
769 - ipsec statusall shows the number of bytes transmitted and received over
770 ESP connections configured by the IKEv2 charon daemon.
772 - The IKEv2 charon daemon supports include files in ipsec.secrets.
778 - The configuration option --enable-integrity-test plus the strongswan.conf
779 option libstrongswan.integrity_test = yes activate integrity tests
780 of the IKE daemons charon and pluto, libstrongswan and all loaded
781 plugins. Thus dynamic library misconfigurations and non-malicious file
782 manipulations can be reliably detected.
784 - The new default setting libstrongswan.ecp_x_coordinate_only=yes allows
785 IKEv1 interoperability with MS Windows using the ECP DH groups 19 and 20.
787 - The IKEv1 pluto daemon now supports the AES-CCM and AES-GCM ESP
788 authenticated encryption algorithms.
790 - The IKEv1 pluto daemon now supports V4 OpenPGP keys.
792 - The RDN parser vulnerability discovered by Orange Labs research team
793 was not completely fixed in version 4.3.2. Some more modifications
794 had to be applied to the asn1_length() function to make it robust.
800 - The new gcrypt plugin provides symmetric cipher, hasher, RNG, Diffie-Hellman
801 and RSA crypto primitives using the LGPL licensed GNU gcrypt library.
803 - libstrongswan features an integrated crypto selftest framework for registered
804 algorithms. The test-vector plugin provides a first set of test vectors and
805 allows pluto and charon to rely on tested crypto algorithms.
807 - pluto can now use all libstrongswan plugins with the exception of x509 and xcbc.
808 Thanks to the openssl plugin, the ECP Diffie-Hellman groups 19, 20, 21, 25, and
809 26 as well as ECDSA-256, ECDSA-384, and ECDSA-521 authentication can be used
812 - Applying their fuzzing tool, the Orange Labs vulnerability research team found
813 another two DoS vulnerabilities, one in the rather old ASN.1 parser of Relative
814 Distinguished Names (RDNs) and a second one in the conversion of ASN.1 UTCTIME
815 and GENERALIZEDTIME strings to a time_t value.
821 - The nm plugin now passes DNS/NBNS server information to NetworkManager,
822 allowing a gateway administrator to set DNS/NBNS configuration on clients
825 - The nm plugin also accepts CA certificates for gateway authentication. If
826 a CA certificate is configured, strongSwan uses the entered gateway address
827 as its idenitity, requiring the gateways certificate to contain the same as
828 subjectAltName. This allows a gateway administrator to deploy the same
829 certificates to Windows 7 and NetworkManager clients.
831 - The command ipsec purgeike deletes IKEv2 SAs that don't have a CHILD SA.
832 The command ipsec down <conn>{n} deletes CHILD SA instance n of connection
833 <conn> whereas ipsec down <conn>{*} deletes all CHILD SA instances.
834 The command ipsec down <conn>[n] deletes IKE SA instance n of connection
835 <conn> plus dependent CHILD SAs whereas ipsec down <conn>[*] deletes all
836 IKE SA instances of connection <conn>.
838 - Fixed a regression introduced in 4.3.0 where EAP authentication calculated
839 the AUTH payload incorrectly. Further, the EAP-MSCHAPv2 MSK key derivation
840 has been updated to be compatible with the Windows 7 Release Candidate.
842 - Refactored installation of triggering policies. Routed policies are handled
843 outside of IKE_SAs to keep them installed in any case. A tunnel gets
844 established only once, even if initiation is delayed due network outages.
846 - Improved the handling of multiple acquire signals triggered by the kernel.
848 - Fixed two DoS vulnerabilities in the charon daemon that were discovered by
849 fuzzing techniques: 1) Sending a malformed IKE_SA_INIT request leaved an
850 incomplete state which caused a null pointer dereference if a subsequent
851 CREATE_CHILD_SA request was sent. 2) Sending an IKE_AUTH request with either
852 a missing TSi or TSr payload caused a null pointer derefence because the
853 checks for TSi and TSr were interchanged. The IKEv2 fuzzer used was
854 developed by the Orange Labs vulnerability research team. The tool was
855 initially written by Gabriel Campana and is now maintained by Laurent Butti.
857 - Added support for AES counter mode in ESP in IKEv2 using the proposal
858 keywords aes128ctr, aes192ctr and aes256ctr.
860 - Further progress in refactoring pluto: Use of the curl and ldap plugins
861 for fetching crls and OCSP. Use of the random plugin to get keying material
862 from /dev/random or /dev/urandom. Use of the openssl plugin as an alternative
863 to the aes, des, sha1, sha2, and md5 plugins. The blowfish, twofish, and
864 serpent encryption plugins are now optional and are not enabled by default.
870 - Support for the IKEv2 Multiple Authentication Exchanges extension (RFC4739).
871 Initiators and responders can use several authentication rounds (e.g. RSA
872 followed by EAP) to authenticate. The new ipsec.conf leftauth/rightauth and
873 leftauth2/rightauth2 parameters define own authentication rounds or setup
874 constraints for the remote peer. See the ipsec.conf man page for more detials.
876 - If glibc printf hooks (register_printf_function) are not available,
877 strongSwan can use the vstr string library to run on non-glibc systems.
879 - The IKEv2 charon daemon can now configure the ESP CAMELLIA-CBC cipher
880 (esp=camellia128|192|256).
882 - Refactored the pluto and scepclient code to use basic functions (memory
883 allocation, leak detective, chunk handling, printf_hooks, strongswan.conf
884 attributes, ASN.1 parser, etc.) from the libstrongswan library.
886 - Up to two DNS and WINS servers to be sent via IKEv1 ModeConfig can be
887 configured in the pluto section of strongswan.conf.
893 - The new server-side EAP RADIUS plugin (--enable-eap-radius)
894 relays EAP messages to and from a RADIUS server. Successfully
895 tested with with a freeradius server using EAP-MD5 and EAP-SIM.
897 - A vulnerability in the Dead Peer Detection (RFC 3706) code was found by
898 Gerd v. Egidy <gerd.von.egidy@intra2net.com> of Intra2net AG affecting
899 all Openswan and strongSwan releases. A malicious (or expired ISAKMP)
900 R_U_THERE or R_U_THERE_ACK Dead Peer Detection packet can cause the
901 pluto IKE daemon to crash and restart. No authentication or encryption
902 is required to trigger this bug. One spoofed UDP packet can cause the
903 pluto IKE daemon to restart and be unresponsive for a few seconds while
904 restarting. This DPD null state vulnerability has been officially
905 registered as CVE-2009-0790 and is fixed by this release.
907 - ASN.1 to time_t conversion caused a time wrap-around for
908 dates after Jan 18 03:14:07 UTC 2038 on 32-bit platforms.
909 As a workaround such dates are set to the maximum representable
910 time, i.e. Jan 19 03:14:07 UTC 2038.
912 - Distinguished Names containing wildcards (*) are not sent in the
919 - Fixed a use-after-free bug in the DPD timeout section of the
920 IKEv1 pluto daemon which sporadically caused a segfault.
922 - Fixed a crash in the IKEv2 charon daemon occurring with
923 mixed RAM-based and SQL-based virtual IP address pools.
925 - Fixed ASN.1 parsing of algorithmIdentifier objects where the
926 parameters field is optional.
928 - Ported nm plugin to NetworkManager 7.1.
934 - Support of the EAP-MSCHAPv2 protocol enabled by the option
935 --enable-eap-mschapv2. Requires the MD4 hash algorithm enabled
936 either by --enable-md4 or --enable-openssl.
938 - Assignment of up to two DNS and up to two WINS servers to peers via
939 the IKEv2 Configuration Payload (CP). The IPv4 or IPv6 nameserver
940 addresses are defined in strongswan.conf.
942 - The strongSwan applet for the Gnome NetworkManager is now built and
943 distributed as a separate tarball under the name NetworkManager-strongswan.
949 - Fixed ESP NULL encryption broken by the refactoring of keymat.c.
950 Also introduced proper initialization and disposal of keying material.
952 - Fixed the missing listing of connection definitions in ipsec statusall
953 broken by an unfortunate local variable overload.
959 - Several performance improvements to handle thousands of tunnels with almost
960 linear upscaling. All relevant data structures have been replaced by faster
961 counterparts with better lookup times.
963 - Better parallelization to run charon on multiple cores. Due to improved
964 ressource locking and other optimizations the daemon can take full
965 advantage of 16 or even more cores.
967 - The load-tester plugin can use a NULL Diffie-Hellman group and simulate
968 unique identities and certificates by signing peer certificates using a CA
971 - The redesigned stroke in-memory IP pool handles leases. The "ipsec leases"
972 command queries assigned leases.
974 - Added support for smartcards in charon by using the ENGINE API provided by
975 OpenSSL, based on patches by Michael RoĂŸberg.
977 - The Padlock plugin supports the hardware RNG found on VIA CPUs to provide a
978 reliable source of randomness.
983 - Flexible configuration of logging subsystem allowing to log to multiple
984 syslog facilities or to files using fine-grained log levels for each target.
986 - Load testing plugin to do stress testing of the IKEv2 daemon against self
987 or another host. Found and fixed issues during tests in the multi-threaded
988 use of the OpenSSL plugin.
990 - Added profiling code to synchronization primitives to find bottlenecks if
991 running on multiple cores. Found and fixed an issue where parts of the
992 Diffie-Hellman calculation acquired an exclusive lock. This greatly improves
993 parallelization to multiple cores.
995 - updown script invocation has been separated into a plugin of its own to
996 further slim down the daemon core.
998 - Separated IKE_SA/CHILD_SA key derivation process into a closed system,
999 allowing future implementations to use a secured environment in e.g. kernel
1002 - The kernel interface of charon has been modularized. XFRM NETLINK (default)
1003 and PFKEY (--enable-kernel-pfkey) interface plugins for the native IPsec
1004 stack of the Linux 2.6 kernel as well as a PFKEY interface for the KLIPS
1005 IPsec stack (--enable-kernel-klips) are provided.
1007 - Basic Mobile IPv6 support has been introduced, securing Binding Update
1008 messages as well as tunneled traffic between Mobile Node and Home Agent.
1009 The installpolicy=no option allows peaceful cooperation with a dominant
1010 mip6d daemon and the new type=transport_proxy implements the special MIPv6
1011 IPsec transport proxy mode where the IKEv2 daemon uses the Care-of-Address
1012 but the IPsec SA is set up for the Home Address.
1014 - Implemented migration of Mobile IPv6 connections using the KMADDRESS
1015 field contained in XFRM_MSG_MIGRATE messages sent by the mip6d daemon
1016 via the Linux 2.6.28 (or appropriately patched) kernel.
1022 - IKEv2 charon daemon supports authentication based on raw public keys
1023 stored in the SQL database backend. The ipsec listpubkeys command
1024 lists the available raw public keys via the stroke interface.
1026 - Several MOBIKE improvements: Detect changes in NAT mappings in DPD exchanges,
1027 handle events if kernel detects NAT mapping changes in UDP-encapsulated
1028 ESP packets (requires kernel patch), reuse old addesses in MOBIKE updates as
1029 long as possible and other fixes.
1031 - Fixed a bug in addr_in_subnet() which caused insertion of wrong source
1032 routes for destination subnets having netwmasks not being a multiple of 8 bits.
1033 Thanks go to Wolfgang Steudel, TU Ilmenau for reporting this bug.
1039 - Fixed a Denial-of-Service vulnerability where an IKE_SA_INIT message with
1040 a KE payload containing zeroes only can cause a crash of the IKEv2 charon
1041 daemon due to a NULL pointer returned by the mpz_export() function of the
1042 GNU Multiprecision Library (GMP). Thanks go to Mu Dynamics Research Labs
1043 for making us aware of this problem.
1045 - The new agent plugin provides a private key implementation on top of an
1048 - The NetworkManager plugin has been extended to support certificate client
1049 authentication using RSA keys loaded from a file or using ssh-agent.
1051 - Daemon capability dropping has been ported to libcap and must be enabled
1052 explicitly --with-capabilities=libcap. Future version will support the
1053 newer libcap2 library.
1055 - ipsec listalgs lists the IKEv2 cryptografic algorithms registered with the
1056 charon keying daemon.
1062 - A NetworkManager plugin allows GUI-based configuration of road-warrior
1063 clients in a simple way. It features X509 based gateway authentication
1064 and EAP client authentication, tunnel setup/teardown and storing passwords
1065 in the Gnome Keyring.
1067 - A new EAP-GTC plugin implements draft-sheffer-ikev2-gtc-00.txt and allows
1068 username/password authentication against any PAM service on the gateway.
1069 The new EAP method interacts nicely with the NetworkManager plugin and allows
1070 client authentication against e.g. LDAP.
1072 - Improved support for the EAP-Identity method. The new ipsec.conf eap_identity
1073 parameter defines an additional identity to pass to the server in EAP
1076 - The "ipsec statusall" command now lists CA restrictions, EAP
1077 authentication types and EAP identities.
1079 - Fixed two multithreading deadlocks occurring when starting up
1080 several hundred tunnels concurrently.
1082 - Fixed the --enable-integrity-test configure option which
1083 computes a SHA-1 checksum over the libstrongswan library.
1089 - Consistent logging of IKE and CHILD SAs at the audit (AUD) level.
1091 - Improved the performance of the SQL-based virtual IP address pool
1092 by introducing an additional addresses table. The leases table
1093 storing only history information has become optional and can be
1094 disabled by setting charon.plugins.sql.lease_history = no in
1097 - The XFRM_STATE_AF_UNSPEC flag added to xfrm.h allows IPv4-over-IPv6
1098 and IPv6-over-IPv4 tunnels with the 2.6.26 and later Linux kernels.
1100 - management of different virtual IP pools for different
1101 network interfaces have become possible.
1103 - fixed a bug which prevented the assignment of more than 256
1104 virtual IP addresses from a pool managed by an sql database.
1106 - fixed a bug which did not delete own IPCOMP SAs in the kernel.
1112 - Added statistics functions to ipsec pool --status and ipsec pool --leases
1113 and input validation checks to various ipsec pool commands.
1115 - ipsec statusall now lists all loaded charon plugins and displays
1116 the negotiated IKEv2 cipher suite proposals.
1118 - The openssl plugin supports the elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman groups
1119 19, 20, 21, 25, and 26.
1121 - The openssl plugin supports ECDSA authentication using elliptic curve
1124 - Fixed a bug in stroke which caused multiple charon threads to close
1125 the file descriptors during packet transfers over the stroke socket.
1127 - ESP sequence numbers are now migrated in IPsec SA updates handled by
1128 MOBIKE. Works only with Linux kernels >= 2.6.17.
1134 - Fixed the strongswan.conf path configuration problem that occurred when
1135 --sysconfig was not set explicitly in ./configure.
1137 - Fixed a number of minor bugs that where discovered during the 4th
1138 IKEv2 interoperability workshop in San Antonio, TX.
1144 - Plugins for libstrongswan and charon can optionally be loaded according
1145 to a configuration in strongswan.conf. Most components provide a
1146 "load = " option followed by a space separated list of plugins to load.
1147 This allows e.g. the fallback from a hardware crypto accelerator to
1148 to software-based crypto plugins.
1150 - Charons SQL plugin has been extended by a virtual IP address pool.
1151 Configurations with a rightsourceip=%poolname setting query a SQLite or
1152 MySQL database for leases. The "ipsec pool" command helps in administrating
1153 the pool database. See ipsec pool --help for the available options
1155 - The Authenticated Encryption Algorithms AES-CCM-8/12/16 and AES-GCM-8/12/16
1156 for ESP are now supported starting with the Linux 2.6.25 kernel. The
1157 syntax is e.g. esp=aes128ccm12 or esp=aes256gcm16.
1163 - Support for "Hash and URL" encoded certificate payloads has been implemented
1164 in the IKEv2 daemon charon. Using the "certuribase" option of a CA section
1165 allows to assign a base URL to all certificates issued by the specified CA.
1166 The final URL is then built by concatenating that base and the hex encoded
1167 SHA1 hash of the DER encoded certificate. Note that this feature is disabled
1168 by default and must be enabled using the option "charon.hash_and_url".
1170 - The IKEv2 daemon charon now supports the "uniqueids" option to close multiple
1171 IKE_SAs with the same peer. The option value "keep" prefers existing
1172 connection setups over new ones, where the value "replace" replaces existing
1175 - The crypto factory in libstrongswan additionally supports random number
1176 generators, plugins may provide other sources of randomness. The default
1177 plugin reads raw random data from /dev/(u)random.
1179 - Extended the credential framework by a caching option to allow plugins
1180 persistent caching of fetched credentials. The "cachecrl" option has been
1183 - The new trustchain verification introduced in 4.2.0 has been parallelized.
1184 Threads fetching CRL or OCSP information no longer block other threads.
1186 - A new IKEv2 configuration attribute framework has been introduced allowing
1187 plugins to provide virtual IP addresses, and in the future, other
1188 configuration attribute services (e.g. DNS/WINS servers).
1190 - The stroke plugin has been extended to provide virtual IP addresses from
1191 a pool defined in ipsec.conf. The "rightsourceip" parameter now accepts
1192 address pools in CIDR notation (e.g. 10.1.1.0/24). The parameter also accepts
1193 the value "%poolname", where "poolname" identifies a pool provided by a
1196 - Fixed compilation on uClibc and a couple of other minor bugs.
1198 - Set DPD defaults in ipsec starter to dpd_delay=30s and dpd_timeout=150s.
1200 - The IKEv1 pluto daemon now supports the ESP encryption algorithm CAMELLIA
1201 with key lengths of 128, 192, and 256 bits, as well as the authentication
1202 algorithm AES_XCBC_MAC. Configuration example: esp=camellia192-aesxcbc.
1208 - libstrongswan has been modularized to attach crypto algorithms,
1209 credential implementations (keys, certificates) and fetchers dynamically
1210 through plugins. Existing code has been ported to plugins:
1211 - RSA/Diffie-Hellman implementation using the GNU Multi Precision library
1212 - X509 certificate system supporting CRLs, OCSP and attribute certificates
1213 - Multiple plugins providing crypto algorithms in software
1214 - CURL and OpenLDAP fetcher
1216 - libstrongswan gained a relational database API which uses pluggable database
1217 providers. Plugins for MySQL and SQLite are available.
1219 - The IKEv2 keying daemon charon is more extensible. Generic plugins may provide
1220 connection configuration, credentials and EAP methods or control the daemon.
1221 Existing code has been ported to plugins:
1222 - EAP-AKA, EAP-SIM, EAP-MD5 and EAP-Identity
1223 - stroke configuration, credential and control (compatible to pluto)
1224 - XML bases management protocol to control and query the daemon
1225 The following new plugins are available:
1226 - An experimental SQL configuration, credential and logging plugin on
1227 top of either MySQL or SQLite
1228 - A unit testing plugin to run tests at daemon startup
1230 - The authentication and credential framework in charon has been heavily
1231 refactored to support modular credential providers, proper
1232 CERTREQ/CERT payload exchanges and extensible authorization rules.
1234 - The framework of strongSwan Manager has envolved to the web application
1235 framework libfast (FastCGI Application Server w/ Templates) and is usable
1236 by other applications.
1242 - IKE rekeying in NAT situations did not inherit the NAT conditions
1243 to the rekeyed IKE_SA so that the UDP encapsulation was lost with
1244 the next CHILD_SA rekeying.
1246 - Wrong type definition of the next_payload variable in id_payload.c
1247 caused an INVALID_SYNTAX error on PowerPC platforms.
1249 - Implemented IKEv2 EAP-SIM server and client test modules that use
1250 triplets stored in a file. For details on the configuration see
1251 the scenario 'ikev2/rw-eap-sim-rsa'.
1257 - Fixed error in the ordering of the certinfo_t records in the ocsp cache that
1258 caused multiple entries of the same serial number to be created.
1260 - Implementation of a simple EAP-MD5 module which provides CHAP
1261 authentication. This may be interesting in conjunction with certificate
1262 based server authentication, as weak passwords can't be brute forced
1263 (in contradiction to traditional IKEv2 PSK).
1265 - A complete software based implementation of EAP-AKA, using algorithms
1266 specified in 3GPP2 (S.S0055). This implementation does not use an USIM,
1267 but reads the secrets from ipsec.secrets. Make sure to read eap_aka.h
1270 - Support for vendor specific EAP methods using Expanded EAP types. The
1271 interface to EAP modules has been slightly changed, so make sure to
1272 check the changes if you're already rolling your own modules.
1278 - The default _updown script now dynamically inserts and removes ip6tables
1279 firewall rules if leftfirewall=yes is set in IPv6 connections. New IPv6
1280 net-net and roadwarrior (PSK/RSA) scenarios for both IKEv1 and IKEV2 were
1283 - Implemented RFC4478 repeated authentication to force EAP/Virtual-IP clients
1284 to reestablish an IKE_SA within a given timeframe.
1286 - strongSwan Manager supports configuration listing, initiation and termination
1287 of IKE and CHILD_SAs.
1289 - Fixes and improvements to multithreading code.
1291 - IKEv2 plugins have been renamed to libcharon-* to avoid naming conflicts.
1292 Make sure to remove the old plugins in $libexecdir/ipsec, otherwise they get
1299 - Removed recursive pthread mutexes since uClibc doesn't support them.
1305 - In NAT traversal situations and multiple queued Quick Modes,
1306 those pending connections inserted by auto=start after the
1307 port floating from 500 to 4500 were erronously deleted.
1309 - Added a "forceencaps" connection parameter to enforce UDP encapsulation
1310 to surmount restrictive firewalls. NAT detection payloads are faked to
1311 simulate a NAT situation and trick the other peer into NAT mode (IKEv2 only).
1313 - Preview of strongSwan Manager, a web based configuration and monitoring
1314 application. It uses a new XML control interface to query the IKEv2 daemon
1315 (see http://wiki.strongswan.org/wiki/Manager).
1317 - Experimental SQLite configuration backend which will provide the configuration
1318 interface for strongSwan Manager in future releases.
1320 - Further improvements to MOBIKE support.
1326 - Since some third party IKEv2 implementations run into
1327 problems with strongSwan announcing MOBIKE capability per
1328 default, MOBIKE can be disabled on a per-connection-basis
1329 using the mobike=no option. Whereas mobike=no disables the
1330 sending of the MOBIKE_SUPPORTED notification and the floating
1331 to UDP port 4500 with the IKE_AUTH request even if no NAT
1332 situation has been detected, strongSwan will still support
1333 MOBIKE acting as a responder.
1335 - the default ipsec routing table plus its corresponding priority
1336 used for inserting source routes has been changed from 100 to 220.
1337 It can be configured using the --with-ipsec-routing-table and
1338 --with-ipsec-routing-table-prio options.
1340 - the --enable-integrity-test configure option tests the
1341 integrity of the libstrongswan crypto code during the charon
1344 - the --disable-xauth-vid configure option disables the sending
1345 of the XAUTH vendor ID. This can be used as a workaround when
1346 interoperating with some Windows VPN clients that get into
1347 trouble upon reception of an XAUTH VID without eXtended
1348 AUTHentication having been configured.
1350 - ipsec stroke now supports the rereadsecrets, rereadaacerts,
1351 rereadacerts, and listacerts options.
1357 - If a DNS lookup failure occurs when resolving right=%<FQDN>
1358 or right=<FQDN> combined with rightallowany=yes then the
1359 connection is not updated by ipsec starter thus preventing
1360 the disruption of an active IPsec connection. Only if the DNS
1361 lookup successfully returns with a changed IP address the
1362 corresponding connection definition is updated.
1364 - Routes installed by the keying daemons are now in a separate
1365 routing table with the ID 100 to avoid conflicts with the main
1366 table. Route lookup for IKEv2 traffic is done in userspace to ignore
1367 routes installed for IPsec, as IKE traffic shouldn't get encapsulated.
1373 - The pluto IKEv1 daemon now exhibits the same behaviour as its
1374 IKEv2 companion charon by inserting an explicit route via the
1375 _updown script only if a sourceip exists. This is admissible
1376 since routing through the IPsec tunnel is handled automatically
1377 by NETKEY's IPsec policies. As a consequence the left|rightnexthop
1378 parameter is not required any more.
1380 - The new IKEv1 parameter right|leftallowany parameters helps to handle
1381 the case where both peers possess dynamic IP addresses that are
1382 usually resolved using DynDNS or a similar service. The configuration
1387 can be used by the initiator to start up a connection to a peer
1388 by resolving peer.foo.bar into the currently allocated IP address.
1389 Thanks to the rightallowany flag the connection behaves later on
1394 so that the peer can rekey the connection as an initiator when his
1395 IP address changes. An alternative notation is
1399 which will implicitly set rightallowany=yes.
1401 - ipsec starter now fails more gracefully in the presence of parsing
1402 errors. Flawed ca and conn section are discarded and pluto is started
1403 if non-fatal errors only were encountered. If right=%peer.foo.bar
1404 cannot be resolved by DNS then right=%any will be used so that passive
1405 connections as a responder are still possible.
1407 - The new pkcs11initargs parameter that can be placed in the
1408 setup config section of /etc/ipsec.conf allows the definition
1409 of an argument string that is used with the PKCS#11 C_Initialize()
1410 function. This non-standard feature is required by the NSS softoken
1411 library. This patch was contributed by Robert Varga.
1413 - Fixed a bug in ipsec starter introduced by strongswan-2.8.5
1414 which caused a segmentation fault in the presence of unknown
1415 or misspelt keywords in ipsec.conf. This bug fix was contributed
1418 - Partial support for MOBIKE in IKEv2. The initiator acts on interface/
1419 address configuration changes and updates IKE and IPsec SAs dynamically.
1425 - IKEv2 peer configuration selection now can be based on a given
1426 certification authority using the rightca= statement.
1428 - IKEv2 authentication based on RSA signatures now can handle multiple
1429 certificates issued for a given peer ID. This allows a smooth transition
1430 in the case of a peer certificate renewal.
1432 - IKEv2: Support for requesting a specific virtual IP using leftsourceip on the
1433 client and returning requested virtual IPs using rightsourceip=%config
1434 on the server. If the server does not support configuration payloads, the
1435 client enforces its leftsourceip parameter.
1437 - The ./configure options --with-uid/--with-gid allow pluto and charon
1438 to drop their privileges to a minimum and change to an other UID/GID. This
1439 improves the systems security, as a possible intruder may only get the
1440 CAP_NET_ADMIN capability.
1442 - Further modularization of charon: Pluggable control interface and
1443 configuration backend modules provide extensibility. The control interface
1444 for stroke is included, and further interfaces using DBUS (NetworkManager)
1445 or XML are on the way. A backend for storing configurations in the daemon
1446 is provided and more advanced backends (using e.g. a database) are trivial
1449 - Fixed a compilation failure in libfreeswan occurring with Linux kernel
1456 - Support for an additional Diffie-Hellman exchange when creating/rekeying
1457 a CHILD_SA in IKEv2 (PFS). PFS is enabled when the proposal contains a
1458 DH group (e.g. "esp=aes128-sha1-modp1536"). Further, DH group negotiation
1459 is implemented properly for rekeying.
1461 - Support for the AES-XCBC-96 MAC algorithm for IPsec SAs when using IKEv2
1462 (requires linux >= 2.6.20). It is enabled using e.g. "esp=aes256-aesxcbc".
1464 - Working IPv4-in-IPv6 and IPv6-in-IPv4 tunnels for linux >= 2.6.21.
1466 - Added support for EAP modules which do not establish an MSK.
1468 - Removed the dependencies from the /usr/include/linux/ headers by
1469 including xfrm.h, ipsec.h, and pfkeyv2.h in the distribution.
1471 - crlNumber is now listed by ipsec listcrls
1473 - The xauth_modules.verify_secret() function now passes the
1480 - Server side cookie support. If to may IKE_SAs are in CONNECTING state,
1481 cookies are enabled and protect against DoS attacks with faked source
1482 addresses. Number of IKE_SAs in CONNECTING state is also limited per
1483 peer address to avoid resource exhaustion. IKE_SA_INIT messages are
1484 compared to properly detect retransmissions and incoming retransmits are
1485 detected even if the IKE_SA is blocked (e.g. doing OCSP fetches).
1487 - The IKEv2 daemon charon now supports dynamic http- and ldap-based CRL
1488 fetching enabled by crlcheckinterval > 0 and caching fetched CRLs
1489 enabled by cachecrls=yes.
1491 - Added the configuration options --enable-nat-transport which enables
1492 the potentially insecure NAT traversal for IPsec transport mode and
1493 --disable-vendor-id which disables the sending of the strongSwan
1496 - Fixed a long-standing bug in the pluto IKEv1 daemon which caused
1497 a segmentation fault if a malformed payload was detected in the
1498 IKE MR2 message and pluto tried to send an encrypted notification
1501 - Added the NATT_IETF_02_N Vendor ID in order to support IKEv1 connections
1502 with Windows 2003 Server which uses a wrong VID hash.
1508 - Support of SHA2_384 hash function for protecting IKEv1
1509 negotiations and support of SHA2 signatures in X.509 certificates.
1511 - Fixed a serious bug in the computation of the SHA2-512 HMAC
1512 function. Introduced automatic self-test of all IKEv1 hash
1513 and hmac functions during pluto startup. Failure of a self-test
1514 currently issues a warning only but does not exit pluto [yet].
1516 - Support for SHA2-256/384/512 PRF and HMAC functions in IKEv2.
1518 - Full support of CA information sections. ipsec listcainfos
1519 now shows all collected crlDistributionPoints and OCSP
1522 - Support of the Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) for IKEv2.
1523 This feature requires the HTTP fetching capabilities of the libcurl
1524 library which must be enabled by setting the --enable-http configure
1527 - Refactored core of the IKEv2 message processing code, allowing better
1528 code reuse and separation.
1530 - Virtual IP support in IKEv2 using INTERNAL_IP4/6_ADDRESS configuration
1531 payload. Additionally, the INTERNAL_IP4/6_DNS attribute is interpreted
1532 by the requestor and installed in a resolv.conf file.
1534 - The IKEv2 daemon charon installs a route for each IPsec policy to use
1535 the correct source address even if an application does not explicitly
1538 - Integrated the EAP framework into charon which loads pluggable EAP library
1539 modules. The ipsec.conf parameter authby=eap initiates EAP authentication
1540 on the client side, while the "eap" parameter on the server side defines
1541 the EAP method to use for client authentication.
1542 A generic client side EAP-Identity module and an EAP-SIM authentication
1543 module using a third party card reader implementation are included.
1545 - Added client side support for cookies.
1547 - Integrated the fixes done at the IKEv2 interoperability bakeoff, including
1548 strict payload order, correct INVALID_KE_PAYLOAD rejection and other minor
1549 fixes to enhance interoperability with other implementations.
1555 - strongSwan now interoperates with the NCP Secure Entry Client,
1556 the Shrew Soft VPN Client, and the Cisco VPN client, doing both
1557 XAUTH and Mode Config.
1559 - UNITY attributes are now recognized and UNITY_BANNER is set
1560 to a default string.
1566 - IKEv1: Support for extended authentication (XAUTH) in combination
1567 with ISAKMP Main Mode RSA or PSK authentication. Both client and
1568 server side were implemented. Handling of user credentials can
1569 be done by a run-time loadable XAUTH module. By default user
1570 credentials are stored in ipsec.secrets.
1572 - IKEv2: Support for reauthentication when rekeying
1574 - IKEv2: Support for transport mode
1576 - fixed a lot of bugs related to byte order
1578 - various other bugfixes
1584 - IKEv1: Implementation of ModeConfig push mode via the new connection
1585 keyword modeconfig=push allows interoperability with Cisco VPN gateways.
1587 - IKEv1: The command ipsec statusall now shows "DPD active" for all
1588 ISAKMP SAs that are under active Dead Peer Detection control.
1590 - IKEv2: Charon's logging and debugging framework has been completely rewritten.
1591 Instead of logger, special printf() functions are used to directly
1592 print objects like hosts (%H) identifications (%D), certificates (%Q),
1593 etc. The number of debugging levels have been reduced to:
1595 0 (audit), 1 (control), 2 (controlmore), 3 (raw), 4 (private)
1597 The debugging levels can either be specified statically in ipsec.conf as
1600 charondebug="lib 1, cfg 3, net 2"
1602 or changed at runtime via stroke as
1604 ipsec stroke loglevel cfg 2
1610 - Implemented full support for IPv6-in-IPv6 tunnels.
1612 - Added configuration options for dead peer detection in IKEv2. dpd_action
1613 types "clear", "hold" and "restart" are supported. The dpd_timeout
1614 value is not used, as the normal retransmission policy applies to
1615 detect dead peers. The dpd_delay parameter enables sending of empty
1616 informational message to detect dead peers in case of inactivity.
1618 - Added support for preshared keys in IKEv2. PSK keys configured in
1619 ipsec.secrets are loaded. The authby parameter specifies the authentication
1620 method to authentificate ourself, the other peer may use PSK or RSA.
1622 - Changed retransmission policy to respect the keyingtries parameter.
1624 - Added private key decryption. PEM keys encrypted with AES-128/192/256
1625 or 3DES are supported.
1627 - Implemented DES/3DES algorithms in libstrongswan. 3DES can be used to
1628 encrypt IKE traffic.
1630 - Implemented SHA-256/384/512 in libstrongswan, allows usage of certificates
1631 signed with such a hash algorithm.
1633 - Added initial support for updown scripts. The actions up-host/client and
1634 down-host/client are executed. The leftfirewall=yes parameter
1635 uses the default updown script to insert dynamic firewall rules, a custom
1636 updown script may be specified with the leftupdown parameter.
1642 - Added support for the auto=route ipsec.conf parameter and the
1643 ipsec route/unroute commands for IKEv2. This allows to set up IKE_SAs and
1644 CHILD_SAs dynamically on demand when traffic is detected by the
1647 - Added support for rekeying IKE_SAs in IKEv2 using the ikelifetime parameter.
1648 As specified in IKEv2, no reauthentication is done (unlike in IKEv1), only
1649 new keys are generated using perfect forward secrecy. An optional flag
1650 which enforces reauthentication will be implemented later.
1652 - "sha" and "sha1" are now treated as synonyms in the ike= and esp=
1653 algorithm configuration statements.
1659 - Full X.509 certificate trust chain verification has been implemented.
1660 End entity certificates can be exchanged via CERT payloads. The current
1661 default is leftsendcert=always, since CERTREQ payloads are not supported
1662 yet. Optional CRLs must be imported locally into /etc/ipsec.d/crls.
1664 - Added support for leftprotoport/rightprotoport parameters in IKEv2. IKEv2
1665 would offer more possibilities for traffic selection, but the Linux kernel
1666 currently does not support it. That's why we stick with these simple
1667 ipsec.conf rules for now.
1669 - Added Dead Peer Detection (DPD) which checks liveliness of remote peer if no
1670 IKE or ESP traffic is received. DPD is currently hardcoded (dpdaction=clear,
1673 - Initial NAT traversal support in IKEv2. Charon includes NAT detection
1674 notify payloads to detect NAT routers between the peers. It switches
1675 to port 4500, uses UDP encapsulated ESP packets, handles peer address
1676 changes gracefully and sends keep alive message periodically.
1678 - Reimplemented IKE_SA state machine for charon, which allows simultaneous
1679 rekeying, more shared code, cleaner design, proper retransmission
1680 and a more extensible code base.
1682 - The mixed PSK/RSA roadwarrior detection capability introduced by the
1683 strongswan-2.7.0 release necessitated the pre-parsing of the IKE proposal
1684 payloads by the responder right before any defined IKE Main Mode state had
1685 been established. Although any form of bad proposal syntax was being correctly
1686 detected by the payload parser, the subsequent error handler didn't check
1687 the state pointer before logging current state information, causing an
1688 immediate crash of the pluto keying daemon due to a NULL pointer.
1694 - Added algorithm selection to charon: New default algorithms for
1695 ike=aes128-sha-modp2048, as both daemons support it. The default
1696 for IPsec SAs is now esp=aes128-sha,3des-md5. charon handles
1697 the ike/esp parameter the same way as pluto. As this syntax does
1698 not allow specification of a pseudo random function, the same
1699 algorithm as for integrity is used (currently sha/md5). Supported
1701 Encryption: aes128, aes192, aes256
1702 Integrity/PRF: md5, sha (using hmac)
1703 DH-Groups: modp768, 1024, 1536, 2048, 4096, 8192
1705 Encryption: aes128, aes192, aes256, 3des, blowfish128,
1706 blowfish192, blowfish256
1707 Integrity: md5, sha1
1708 More IKE encryption algorithms will come after porting libcrypto into
1711 - initial support for rekeying CHILD_SAs using IKEv2. Currently no
1712 perfect forward secrecy is used. The rekeying parameters rekey,
1713 rekeymargin, rekeyfuzz and keylife from ipsec.conf are now supported
1714 when using IKEv2. WARNING: charon currently is unable to handle
1715 simultaneous rekeying. To avoid such a situation, use a large
1716 rekeyfuzz, or even better, set rekey=no on one peer.
1718 - support for host2host, net2net, host2net (roadwarrior) tunnels
1719 using predefined RSA certificates (see uml scenarios for
1720 configuration examples).
1722 - new build environment featuring autotools. Features such
1723 as HTTP, LDAP and smartcard support may be enabled using
1724 the ./configure script. Changing install directories
1725 is possible, too. See ./configure --help for more details.
1727 - better integration of charon with ipsec starter, which allows
1728 (almost) transparent operation with both daemons. charon
1729 handles ipsec commands up, down, status, statusall, listall,
1730 listcerts and allows proper load, reload and delete of connections
1737 - initial support of the IKEv2 protocol. Connections in
1738 ipsec.conf designated by keyexchange=ikev2 are negotiated
1739 by the new IKEv2 charon keying daemon whereas those marked
1740 by keyexchange=ikev1 or the default keyexchange=ike are
1741 handled thy the IKEv1 pluto keying daemon. Currently only
1742 a limited subset of functions are available with IKEv2
1743 (Default AES encryption, authentication based on locally
1744 imported X.509 certificates, unencrypted private RSA keys
1745 in PKCS#1 file format, limited functionality of the ipsec
1752 - the dynamic iptables rules from the _updown_x509 template
1753 for KLIPS and the _updown_policy template for NETKEY have
1754 been merged into the default _updown script. The existing
1755 left|rightfirewall keyword causes the automatic insertion
1756 and deletion of ACCEPT rules for tunneled traffic upon
1757 the successful setup and teardown of an IPsec SA, respectively.
1758 left|rightfirwall can be used with KLIPS under any Linux 2.4
1759 kernel or with NETKEY under a Linux kernel version >= 2.6.16
1760 in conjunction with iptables >= 1.3.5. For NETKEY under a Linux
1761 kernel version < 2.6.16 which does not support IPsec policy
1762 matching yet, please continue to use a copy of the _updown_espmark
1763 template loaded via the left|rightupdown keyword.
1765 - a new left|righthostaccess keyword has been introduced which
1766 can be used in conjunction with left|rightfirewall and the
1767 default _updown script. By default leftfirewall=yes inserts
1768 a bi-directional iptables FORWARD rule for a local client network
1769 with a netmask different from 255.255.255.255 (single host).
1770 This does not allow to access the VPN gateway host via its
1771 internal network interface which is part of the client subnet
1772 because an iptables INPUT and OUTPUT rule would be required.
1773 lefthostaccess=yes will cause this additional ACCEPT rules to
1776 - mixed PSK|RSA roadwarriors are now supported. The ISAKMP proposal
1777 payload is preparsed in order to find out whether the roadwarrior
1778 requests PSK or RSA so that a matching connection candidate can
1785 - the new _updown_policy template allows ipsec policy based
1786 iptables firewall rules. Required are iptables version
1787 >= 1.3.5 and linux kernel >= 2.6.16. This script obsoletes
1788 the _updown_espmark template, so that no INPUT mangle rules
1789 are required any more.
1791 - added support of DPD restart mode
1793 - ipsec starter now allows the use of wildcards in include
1794 statements as e.g. in "include /etc/my_ipsec/*.conf".
1795 Patch courtesy of Matthias Haas.
1797 - the Netscape OID 'employeeNumber' is now recognized and can be
1798 used as a Relative Distinguished Name in certificates.
1804 - /etc/init.d/ipsec or /etc/rc.d/ipsec is now a copy of the ipsec
1805 command and not of ipsec setup any more.
1807 - ipsec starter now supports AH authentication in conjunction with
1808 ESP encryption. AH authentication is configured in ipsec.conf
1809 via the auth=ah parameter.
1811 - The command ipsec scencrypt|scdecrypt <args> is now an alias for
1812 ipsec whack --scencrypt|scdecrypt <args>.
1814 - get_sa_info() now determines for the native netkey IPsec stack
1815 the exact time of the last use of an active eroute. This information
1816 is used by the Dead Peer Detection algorithm and is also displayed by
1817 the ipsec status command.
1823 - running under the native Linux 2.6 IPsec stack, the function
1824 get_sa_info() is called by ipsec auto --status to display the current
1825 number of transmitted bytes per IPsec SA.
1827 - get_sa_info() is also used by the Dead Peer Detection process to detect
1828 recent ESP activity. If ESP traffic was received from the peer within
1829 the last dpd_delay interval then no R_Y_THERE notification must be sent.
1831 - strongSwan now supports the Relative Distinguished Name "unstructuredName"
1832 in ID_DER_ASN1_DN identities. The following notations are possible:
1834 rightid="unstructuredName=John Doe"
1835 rightid="UN=John Doe"
1837 - fixed a long-standing bug which caused PSK-based roadwarrior connections
1838 to segfault in the function id.c:same_id() called by keys.c:get_secret()
1839 if an FQDN, USER_FQDN, or Key ID was defined, as in the following example.
1846 - the ipsec command now supports most ipsec auto commands (e.g. ipsec listall).
1848 - ipsec starter didn't set host_addr and client.addr ports in whack msg.
1850 - in order to guarantee backwards-compatibility with the script-based
1851 auto function (e.g. auto --replace), the ipsec starter scripts stores
1852 the defaultroute information in the temporary file /var/run/ipsec.info.
1854 - The compile-time option USE_XAUTH_VID enables the sending of the XAUTH
1855 Vendor ID which is expected by Cisco PIX 7 boxes that act as IKE Mode Config
1858 - the ipsec starter now also recognizes the parameters authby=never and
1859 type=passthrough|pass|drop|reject.
1865 - ipsec starter now supports the also parameter which allows
1866 a modular structure of the connection definitions. Thus
1867 "ipsec start" is now ready to replace "ipsec setup".
1873 - Mathieu Lafon's popular ipsec starter tool has been added to the
1874 strongSwan distribution. Many thanks go to Stephan Scholz from astaro
1875 for his integration work. ipsec starter is a C program which is going
1876 to replace the various shell and awk starter scripts (setup, _plutoload,
1877 _plutostart, _realsetup, _startklips, _confread, and auto). Since
1878 ipsec.conf is now parsed only once, the starting of multiple tunnels is
1879 accelerated tremedously.
1881 - Added support of %defaultroute to the ipsec starter. If the IP address
1882 changes, a HUP signal to the ipsec starter will automatically
1883 reload pluto's connections.
1885 - moved most compile time configurations from pluto/Makefile to
1886 Makefile.inc by defining the options USE_LIBCURL, USE_LDAP,
1887 USE_SMARTCARD, and USE_NAT_TRAVERSAL_TRANSPORT_MODE.
1889 - removed the ipsec verify and ipsec newhostkey commands
1891 - fixed some 64-bit issues in formatted print statements
1893 - The scepclient functionality implementing the Simple Certificate
1894 Enrollment Protocol (SCEP) is nearly complete but hasn't been
1901 - CA certicates are now automatically loaded from a smartcard
1902 or USB crypto token and appear in the ipsec auto --listcacerts
1909 - when using "ipsec whack --scencrypt <data>" with a PKCS#11
1910 library that does not support the C_Encrypt() Cryptoki
1911 function (e.g. OpenSC), the RSA encryption is done in
1912 software using the public key fetched from the smartcard.
1914 - The scepclient function now allows to define the
1915 validity of a self-signed certificate using the --days,
1916 --startdate, and --enddate options. The default validity
1917 has been changed from one year to five years.
1923 - the config setup parameter pkcs11proxy=yes opens pluto's PKCS#11
1924 interface to other applications for RSA encryption and decryption
1925 via the whack interface. Notation:
1927 ipsec whack --scencrypt <data>
1928 [--inbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
1929 [--outbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
1932 ipsec whack --scdecrypt <data>
1933 [--inbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
1934 [--outbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
1937 The default setting for inbase and outbase is hex.
1939 The new proxy interface can be used for securing symmetric
1940 encryption keys required by the cryptoloop or dm-crypt
1941 disk encryption schemes, especially in the case when
1942 pkcs11keepstate=yes causes pluto to lock the pkcs11 slot
1945 - if the file /etc/ipsec.secrets is lacking during the startup of
1946 pluto then the root-readable file /etc/ipsec.d/private/myKey.der
1947 containing a 2048 bit RSA private key and a matching self-signed
1948 certificate stored in the file /etc/ipsec.d/certs/selfCert.der
1949 is automatically generated by calling the function
1951 ipsec scepclient --out pkcs1 --out cert-self
1953 scepclient was written by Jan Hutter and Martin Willi, students
1954 at the University of Applied Sciences in Rapperswil, Switzerland.
1960 - the current extension of the PKCS#7 framework introduced
1961 a parsing error in PKCS#7 wrapped X.509 certificates that are
1962 e.g. transmitted by Windows XP when multi-level CAs are used.
1963 the parsing syntax has been fixed.
1965 - added a patch by Gerald Richter which tolerates multiple occurrences
1966 of the ipsec0 interface when using KLIPS.
1972 - with gawk-3.1.4 the word "default2 has become a protected
1973 keyword for use in switch statements and cannot be used any
1974 more in the strongSwan scripts. This problem has been
1975 solved by renaming "default" to "defaults" and "setdefault"
1976 in the scripts _confread and auto, respectively.
1978 - introduced the parameter leftsendcert with the values
1980 always|yes (the default, always send a cert)
1981 ifasked (send the cert only upon a cert request)
1982 never|no (never send a cert, used for raw RSA keys and
1985 - fixed the initialization of the ESP key length to a default of
1986 128 bits in the case that the peer does not send a key length
1987 attribute for AES encryption.
1989 - applied Herbert Xu's uniqueIDs patch
1991 - applied Herbert Xu's CLOEXEC patches
1997 - CRLs can now be cached also in the case when the issuer's
1998 certificate does not contain a subjectKeyIdentifier field.
1999 In that case the subjectKeyIdentifier is computed by pluto as the
2000 160 bit SHA-1 hash of the issuer's public key in compliance
2001 with section 4.2.1.2 of RFC 3280.
2003 - Fixed a bug introduced by strongswan-2.5.1 which eliminated
2004 not only multiple Quick Modes of a given connection but also
2005 multiple connections between two security gateways.
2011 - Under the native IPsec of the Linux 2.6 kernel, a %trap eroute
2012 installed either by setting auto=route in ipsec.conf or by
2013 a connection put into hold, generates an XFRM_AQUIRE event
2014 for each packet that wants to use the not-yet exisiting
2015 tunnel. Up to now each XFRM_AQUIRE event led to an entry in
2016 the Quick Mode queue, causing multiple IPsec SA to be
2017 established in rapid succession. Starting with strongswan-2.5.1
2018 only a single IPsec SA is established per host-pair connection.
2020 - Right after loading the PKCS#11 module, all smartcard slots are
2021 searched for certificates. The result can be viewed using
2024 ipsec auto --listcards
2026 The certificate objects found in the slots are numbered
2027 starting with #1, #2, etc. This position number can be used to address
2028 certificates (leftcert=%smartcard) and keys (: PIN %smartcard)
2029 in ipsec.conf and ipsec.secrets, respectively:
2031 %smartcard (selects object #1)
2032 %smartcard#1 (selects object #1)
2033 %smartcard#3 (selects object #3)
2035 As an alternative the existing retrieval scheme can be used:
2037 %smartcard:45 (selects object with id=45)
2038 %smartcard0 (selects first object in slot 0)
2039 %smartcard4:45 (selects object in slot 4 with id=45)
2041 - Depending on the settings of CKA_SIGN and CKA_DECRYPT
2042 private key flags either C_Sign() or C_Decrypt() is used
2043 to generate a signature.
2045 - The output buffer length parameter siglen in C_Sign()
2046 is now initialized to the actual size of the output
2047 buffer prior to the function call. This fixes the
2048 CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL error that could occur when using
2049 the OpenSC PKCS#11 module.
2051 - Changed the initialization of the PKCS#11 CK_MECHANISM in
2052 C_SignInit() to mech = { CKM_RSA_PKCS, NULL_PTR, 0 }.
2054 - Refactored the RSA public/private key code and transferred it
2055 from keys.c to the new pkcs1.c file as a preparatory step
2056 towards the release of the SCEP client.
2062 - The loading of a PKCS#11 smartcard library module during
2063 runtime does not require OpenSC library functions any more
2064 because the corresponding code has been integrated into
2065 smartcard.c. Also the RSAREF pkcs11 header files have been
2066 included in a newly created pluto/rsaref directory so that
2067 no external include path has to be defined any longer.
2069 - A long-awaited feature has been implemented at last:
2070 The local caching of CRLs fetched via HTTP or LDAP, activated
2071 by the parameter cachecrls=yes in the config setup section
2072 of ipsec.conf. The dynamically fetched CRLs are stored under
2073 a unique file name containing the issuer's subjectKeyID
2074 in /etc/ipsec.d/crls.
2076 - Applied a one-line patch courtesy of Michael Richardson
2077 from the Openswan project which fixes the kernel-oops
2078 in KLIPS when an snmp daemon is running on the same box.
2084 - Eliminated null length CRL distribution point strings.
2086 - Fixed a trust path evaluation bug introduced with 2.4.3
2092 - Improved the joint OCSP / CRL revocation policy.
2093 OCSP responses have precedence over CRL entries.
2095 - Introduced support of CRLv2 reason codes.
2097 - Fixed a bug with key-pad equipped readers which caused
2098 pluto to prompt for the pin via the console when the first
2099 occasion to enter the pin via the key-pad was missed.
2101 - When pluto is built with LDAP_V3 enabled, the library
2102 liblber required by newer versions of openldap is now
2109 - Added the _updown_espmark template which requires all
2110 incoming ESP traffic to be marked with a default mark
2113 - Introduced the pkcs11keepstate parameter in the config setup
2114 section of ipsec.conf. With pkcs11keepstate=yes the PKCS#11
2115 session and login states are kept as long as possible during
2116 the lifetime of pluto. This means that a PIN entry via a key
2117 pad has to be done only once.
2119 - Introduced the pkcs11module parameter in the config setup
2120 section of ipsec.conf which specifies the PKCS#11 module
2121 to be used with smart cards. Example:
2123 pkcs11module=/usr/lib/pkcs11/opensc-pkcs11.lo
2125 - Added support of smartcard readers equipped with a PIN pad.
2127 - Added patch by Jay Pfeifer which detects when netkey
2128 modules have been statically built into the Linux 2.6 kernel.
2130 - Added two patches by Herbert Xu. The first uses ip xfrm
2131 instead of setkey to flush the IPsec policy database. The
2132 second sets the optional flag in inbound IPComp SAs only.
2134 - Applied Ulrich Weber's patch which fixes an interoperability
2135 problem between native IPsec and KLIPS systems caused by
2136 setting the replay window to 32 instead of 0 for ipcomp.
2142 - Fixed a bug which caused an unwanted Mode Config request
2143 to be initiated in the case where "right" was used to denote
2144 the local side in ipsec.conf and "left" the remote side,
2145 contrary to the recommendation that "right" be remote and
2152 - updated Vendor ID to strongSwan-2.4.0
2154 - updated copyright statement to include David Buechi and
2161 - strongSwan now communicates with attached smartcards and
2162 USB crypto tokens via the standardized PKCS #11 interface.
2163 By default the OpenSC library from www.opensc.org is used
2164 but any other PKCS#11 library could be dynamically linked.
2165 strongSwan's PKCS#11 API was implemented by David Buechi
2166 and Michael Meier, both graduates of the Zurich University
2167 of Applied Sciences in Winterthur, Switzerland.
2169 - When a %trap eroute is triggered by an outgoing IP packet
2170 then the native IPsec stack of the Linux 2.6 kernel [often/
2171 always?] returns an XFRM_ACQUIRE message with an undefined
2172 protocol family field and the connection setup fails.
2173 As a workaround IPv4 (AF_INET) is now assumed.
2175 - the results of the UML test scenarios are now enhanced
2176 with block diagrams of the virtual network topology used
2177 in a particular test.
2183 - fixed IV used to decrypt informational messages.
2184 This bug was introduced with Mode Config functionality.
2186 - fixed NCP Vendor ID.
2188 - undid one of Ulrich Weber's maximum udp size patches
2189 because it caused a segmentation fault with NAT-ed
2192 - added UML scenarios wildcards and attr-cert which
2193 demonstrate the implementation of IPsec policies based
2194 on wildcard parameters contained in Distinguished Names and
2195 on X.509 attribute certificates, respectively.
2201 - Added basic Mode Config functionality
2203 - Added Mathieu Lafon's patch which upgrades the status of
2204 the NAT-Traversal implementation to RFC 3947.
2206 - The _startklips script now also loads the xfrm4_tunnel
2209 - Added Ulrich Weber's netlink replay window size and
2210 maximum udp size patches.
2212 - UML testing now uses the Linux 2.6.10 UML kernel by default.
2218 - Eric Marchionni and Patrik Rayo, both recent graduates from
2219 the Zuercher Hochschule Winterthur in Switzerland, created a
2220 User-Mode-Linux test setup for strongSwan. For more details
2221 please read the INSTALL and README documents in the testing
2224 - Full support of group attributes based on X.509 attribute
2225 certificates. Attribute certificates can be generated
2226 using the openac facility. For more details see
2230 The group attributes can be used in connection definitions
2231 in order to give IPsec access to specific user groups.
2232 This is done with the new parameter left|rightgroups as in
2234 rightgroups="Research, Sales"
2236 giving access to users possessing the group attributes
2237 Research or Sales, only.
2239 - In Quick Mode clients with subnet mask /32 are now
2240 coded as IP_V4_ADDRESS or IP_V6_ADDRESS. This should
2241 fix rekeying problems with the SafeNet/SoftRemote and NCP
2242 Secure Entry Clients.
2244 - Changed the defaults of the ikelifetime and keylife parameters
2245 to 3h and 1h, respectively. The maximum allowable values are
2246 now both set to 24 h.
2248 - Suppressed notification wars between two IPsec peers that
2249 could e.g. be triggered by incorrect ISAKMP encryption.
2251 - Public RSA keys can now have identical IDs if either the
2252 issuing CA or the serial number is different. The serial
2253 number of a certificate is now shown by the command
2255 ipsec auto --listpubkeys
2261 - Added Tuomo Soini's sourceip feature which allows a strongSwan
2262 roadwarrior to use a fixed Virtual IP (see README section 2.6)
2263 and reduces the well-known four tunnel case on VPN gateways to
2264 a single tunnel definition (see README section 2.4).
2266 - Fixed a bug occurring with NAT-Traversal enabled when the responder
2267 suddenly turns initiator and the initiator cannot find a matching
2268 connection because of the floated IKE port 4500.
2270 - Removed misleading ipsec verify command from barf.
2272 - Running under the native IP stack, ipsec --version now shows
2273 the Linux kernel version (courtesy to the Openswan project).
2279 - Introduced the ipsec auto --listalgs monitoring command which lists
2280 all currently registered IKE and ESP algorithms.
2282 - Fixed a bug in the ESP algorithm selection occurring when the strict flag
2283 is set and the first proposed transform does not match.
2285 - Fixed another deadlock in the use of the lock_certs_and_keys() mutex,
2286 occurring when a smartcard is present.
2288 - Prevented that a superseded Phase1 state can trigger a DPD_TIMEOUT event.
2290 - Fixed the printing of the notification names (null)
2292 - Applied another of Herbert Xu's Netlink patches.
2298 - Support of Dead Peer Detection. The connection parameter
2300 dpdaction=clear|hold
2302 activates DPD for the given connection.
2304 - The default Opportunistic Encryption (OE) policy groups are not
2305 automatically included anymore. Those wishing to activate OE can include
2306 the policy group with the following statement in ipsec.conf:
2308 include /etc/ipsec.d/examples/oe.conf
2310 The default for [right|left]rsasigkey is now set to %cert.
2312 - strongSwan now has a Vendor ID of its own which can be activated
2313 using the compile option VENDORID
2315 - Applied Herbert Xu's patch which sets the compression algorithm correctly.
2317 - Applied Herbert Xu's patch fixing an ESPINUDP problem
2319 - Applied Herbert Xu's patch setting source/destination port numbers.
2321 - Reapplied one of Herbert Xu's NAT-Traversal patches which got
2322 lost during the migration from SuperFreeS/WAN.
2324 - Fixed a deadlock in the use of the lock_certs_and_keys() mutex.
2326 - Fixed the unsharing of alg parameters when instantiating group
2333 - Thomas Walpuski made me aware of a potential DoS attack via
2334 a PKCS#7-wrapped certificate bundle which could overwrite valid CA
2335 certificates in Pluto's authority certificate store. This vulnerability
2336 was fixed by establishing trust in CA candidate certificates up to a
2337 trusted root CA prior to insertion into Pluto's chained list.
2339 - replaced the --assign option by the -v option in the auto awk script
2340 in order to make it run with mawk under debian/woody.
2346 - Split of the status information between ipsec auto --status (concise)
2347 and ipsec auto --statusall (verbose). Both commands can be used with
2348 an optional connection selector:
2350 ipsec auto --status[all] <connection_name>
2352 - Added the description of X.509 related features to the ipsec_auto(8)
2355 - Hardened the ASN.1 parser in debug mode, especially the printing
2356 of malformed distinguished names.
2358 - The size of an RSA public key received in a certificate is now restricted to
2360 512 bits <= modulus length <= 8192 bits.
2362 - Fixed the debug mode enumeration.
2368 - Fixed another PKCS#7 vulnerability which could lead to an
2369 endless loop while following the X.509 trust chain.
2375 - Fixed the PKCS#7 vulnerability discovered by Thomas Walpuski
2376 that accepted end certificates having identical issuer and subject
2377 distinguished names in a multi-tier X.509 trust chain.
2383 - Removed all remaining references to ipsec_netlink.h in KLIPS.
2389 - The new "ca" section allows to define the following parameters:
2392 cacert=koolCA.pem # cacert of kool CA
2393 ocspuri=http://ocsp.kool.net:8001 # ocsp server
2394 ldapserver=ldap.kool.net # default ldap server
2395 crluri=http://www.kool.net/kool.crl # crl distribution point
2396 crluri2="ldap:///O=Kool, C= .." # crl distribution point #2
2397 auto=add # add, ignore
2399 The ca definitions can be monitored via the command
2401 ipsec auto --listcainfos
2403 - Fixed cosmetic corruption of /proc filesystem by integrating
2404 D. Hugh Redelmeier's freeswan-2.06 kernel fixes.
2410 - Added support for the 818043 NAT-Traversal update of Microsoft's
2411 Windows 2000/XP IPsec client which sends an ID_FQDN during Quick Mode.
2413 - A symbolic link to libcrypto is now added in the kernel sources
2414 during kernel compilation
2416 - Fixed a couple of 64 bit issues (mostly casts to int).
2417 Thanks to Ken Bantoft who checked my sources on a 64 bit platform.
2419 - Replaced s[n]printf() statements in the kernel by ipsec_snprintf().
2420 Credits go to D. Hugh Redelmeier, Michael Richardson, and Sam Sgro
2421 of the FreeS/WAN team who solved this problem with the 2.4.25 kernel.
2427 - an empty ASN.1 SEQUENCE OF or SET OF object (e.g. a subjectAltName
2428 certificate extension which contains no generalName item) can cause
2429 a pluto crash. This bug has been fixed. Additionally the ASN.1 parser has
2430 been hardened to make it more robust against malformed ASN.1 objects.
2432 - applied Herbert Xu's NAT-T patches which fixes NAT-T under the native
2433 Linux 2.6 IPsec stack.
2439 - based on freeswan-2.04, x509-1.5.3, nat-0.6c, alg-0.8.1rc12