4 - The default _updown script now dynamically inserts and removes ip6tables
5 firewall rules if leftfirewall=yes is set in IPv6 connections. New IPv6
6 net-net and roadwarrior (PSK/RSA) scenarios for both IKEv1 and IKEV2 were
9 - Implemented RFC4478 repeated authentication to force EAP/Virtual-IP clients
10 to reestablish an IKE_SA within a given timeframe.
12 - strongSwan Manager supports configuration listing, initiation and termination
15 - Fixes and improvements to multithreading code.
21 - Removed recursive pthread mutexes since uClibc doesn't support them.
27 - In NAT traversal situations and multiple queued Quick Modes,
28 those pending connections inserted by auto=start after the
29 port floating from 500 to 4500 were erronously deleted.
31 - Added a "forceencaps" connection parameter to enforce UDP encapsulation
32 to surmount restrictive firewalls. NAT detection payloads are faked to
33 simulate a NAT situation and trick the other peer into NAT mode (IKEv2 only).
35 - Preview of strongSwan Manager, a web based configuration and monitoring
36 application. It uses a new XML control interface to query the IKEv2 daemon
37 (see http://trac.strongswan.org/wiki/Manager).
39 - Experimental SQLite configuration backend which will provide the configuration
40 interface for strongSwan Manager in future releases.
42 - Further improvements to MOBIKE support.
48 - Since some third party IKEv2 implementations run into
49 problems with strongSwan announcing MOBIKE capability per
50 default, MOBIKE can be disabled on a per-connection-basis
51 using the mobike=no option. Whereas mobike=no disables the
52 sending of the MOBIKE_SUPPORTED notification and the floating
53 to UDP port 4500 with the IKE_AUTH request even if no NAT
54 situation has been detected, strongSwan will still support
55 MOBIKE acting as a responder.
57 - the default ipsec routing table plus its corresponding priority
58 used for inserting source routes has been changed from 100 to 220.
59 It can be configured using the --with-ipsec-routing-table and
60 --with-ipsec-routing-table-prio options.
62 - the --enable-integrity-test configure option tests the
63 integrity of the libstrongswan crypto code during the charon
66 - the --disable-xauth-vid configure option disables the sending
67 of the XAUTH vendor ID. This can be used as a workaround when
68 interoperating with some Windows VPN clients that get into
69 trouble upon reception of an XAUTH VID without eXtended
70 AUTHentication having been configured.
72 - ipsec stroke now supports the rereadsecrets, rereadaacerts,
73 rereadacerts, and listacerts options.
79 - If a DNS lookup failure occurs when resolving right=%<FQDN>
80 or right=<FQDN> combined with rightallowany=yes then the
81 connection is not updated by ipsec starter thus preventing
82 the disruption of an active IPsec connection. Only if the DNS
83 lookup successfully returns with a changed IP address the
84 corresponding connection definition is updated.
86 - Routes installed by the keying daemons are now in a separate
87 routing table with the ID 100 to avoid conflicts with the main
88 table. Route lookup for IKEv2 traffic is done in userspace to ignore
89 routes installed for IPsec, as IKE traffic shouldn't get encapsulated.
95 - The pluto IKEv1 daemon now exhibits the same behaviour as its
96 IKEv2 companion charon by inserting an explicit route via the
97 _updown script only if a sourceip exists. This is admissible
98 since routing through the IPsec tunnel is handled automatically
99 by NETKEY's IPsec policies. As a consequence the left|rightnexthop
100 parameter is not required any more.
102 - The new IKEv1 parameter right|leftallowany parameters helps to handle
103 the case where both peers possess dynamic IP addresses that are
104 usually resolved using DynDNS or a similar service. The configuration
109 can be used by the initiator to start up a connection to a peer
110 by resolving peer.foo.bar into the currently allocated IP address.
111 Thanks to the rightallowany flag the connection behaves later on
116 so that the peer can rekey the connection as an initiator when his
117 IP address changes. An alternative notation is
121 which will implicitly set rightallowany=yes.
123 - ipsec starter now fails more gracefully in the presence of parsing
124 errors. Flawed ca and conn section are discarded and pluto is started
125 if non-fatal errors only were encountered. If right=%peer.foo.bar
126 cannot be resolved by DNS then right=%any will be used so that passive
127 connections as a responder are still possible.
129 - The new pkcs11initargs parameter that can be placed in the
130 setup config section of /etc/ipsec.conf allows the definition
131 of an argument string that is used with the PKCS#11 C_Initialize()
132 function. This non-standard feature is required by the NSS softoken
133 library. This patch was contributed by Robert Varga.
135 - Fixed a bug in ipsec starter introduced by strongswan-2.8.5
136 which caused a segmentation fault in the presence of unknown
137 or misspelt keywords in ipsec.conf. This bug fix was contributed
140 - Partial support for MOBIKE in IKEv2. The initiator acts on interface/
141 address configuration changes and updates IKE and IPsec SAs dynamically.
147 - IKEv2 peer configuration selection now can be based on a given
148 certification authority using the rightca= statement.
150 - IKEv2 authentication based on RSA signatures now can handle multiple
151 certificates issued for a given peer ID. This allows a smooth transition
152 in the case of a peer certificate renewal.
154 - IKEv2: Support for requesting a specific virtual IP using leftsourceip on the
155 client and returning requested virtual IPs using rightsourceip=%config
156 on the server. If the server does not support configuration payloads, the
157 client enforces its leftsourceip parameter.
159 - The ./configure options --with-uid/--with-gid allow pluto and charon
160 to drop their privileges to a minimum and change to an other UID/GID. This
161 improves the systems security, as a possible intruder may only get the
162 CAP_NET_ADMIN capability.
164 - Further modularization of charon: Pluggable control interface and
165 configuration backend modules provide extensibility. The control interface
166 for stroke is included, and further interfaces using DBUS (NetworkManager)
167 or XML are on the way. A backend for storing configurations in the daemon
168 is provided and more advanced backends (using e.g. a database) are trivial
171 - Fixed a compilation failure in libfreeswan occuring with Linux kernel
178 - Support for an additional Diffie-Hellman exchange when creating/rekeying
179 a CHILD_SA in IKEv2 (PFS). PFS is enabled when the proposal contains a
180 DH group (e.g. "esp=aes128-sha1-modp1536"). Further, DH group negotiation
181 is implemented properly for rekeying.
183 - Support for the AES-XCBC-96 MAC algorithm for IPsec SAs when using IKEv2
184 (requires linux >= 2.6.20). It is enabled using e.g. "esp=aes256-aesxcbc".
186 - Working IPv4-in-IPv6 and IPv6-in-IPv4 tunnels for linux >= 2.6.21.
188 - Added support for EAP modules which do not establish an MSK.
190 - Removed the dependencies from the /usr/include/linux/ headers by
191 including xfrm.h, ipsec.h, and pfkeyv2.h in the distribution.
193 - crlNumber is now listed by ipsec listcrls
195 - The xauth_modules.verify_secret() function now passes the
202 - Server side cookie support. If to may IKE_SAs are in CONNECTING state,
203 cookies are enabled and protect against DoS attacks with faked source
204 addresses. Number of IKE_SAs in CONNECTING state is also limited per
205 peer address to avoid resource exhaustion. IKE_SA_INIT messages are
206 compared to properly detect retransmissions and incoming retransmits are
207 detected even if the IKE_SA is blocked (e.g. doing OCSP fetches).
209 - The IKEv2 daemon charon now supports dynamic http- and ldap-based CRL
210 fetching enabled by crlcheckinterval > 0 and caching fetched CRLs
211 enabled by cachecrls=yes.
213 - Added the configuration options --enable-nat-transport which enables
214 the potentially insecure NAT traversal for IPsec transport mode and
215 --disable-vendor-id which disables the sending of the strongSwan
218 - Fixed a long-standing bug in the pluto IKEv1 daemon which caused
219 a segmentation fault if a malformed payload was detected in the
220 IKE MR2 message and pluto tried to send an encrypted notification
223 - Added the NATT_IETF_02_N Vendor ID in order to support IKEv1 connections
224 with Windows 2003 Server which uses a wrong VID hash.
230 - Support of SHA2_384 hash function for protecting IKEv1
231 negotiations and support of SHA2 signatures in X.509 certificates.
233 - Fixed a serious bug in the computation of the SHA2-512 HMAC
234 function. Introduced automatic self-test of all IKEv1 hash
235 and hmac functions during pluto startup. Failure of a self-test
236 currently issues a warning only but does not exit pluto [yet].
238 - Support for SHA2-256/384/512 PRF and HMAC functions in IKEv2.
240 - Full support of CA information sections. ipsec listcainfos
241 now shows all collected crlDistributionPoints and OCSP
244 - Support of the Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) for IKEv2.
245 This feature requires the HTTP fetching capabilities of the libcurl
246 library which must be enabled by setting the --enable-http configure
249 - Refactored core of the IKEv2 message processing code, allowing better
250 code reuse and separation.
252 - Virtual IP support in IKEv2 using INTERNAL_IP4/6_ADDRESS configuration
253 payload. Additionally, the INTERNAL_IP4/6_DNS attribute is interpreted
254 by the requestor and installed in a resolv.conf file.
256 - The IKEv2 daemon charon installs a route for each IPsec policy to use
257 the correct source address even if an application does not explicitly
260 - Integrated the EAP framework into charon which loads pluggable EAP library
261 modules. The ipsec.conf parameter authby=eap initiates EAP authentication
262 on the client side, while the "eap" parameter on the server side defines
263 the EAP method to use for client authentication.
264 A generic client side EAP-Identity module and an EAP-SIM authentication
265 module using a third party card reader implementation are included.
267 - Added client side support for cookies.
269 - Integrated the fixes done at the IKEv2 interoperability bakeoff, including
270 strict payload order, correct INVALID_KE_PAYLOAD rejection and other minor
271 fixes to enhance interoperability with other implementations.
277 - strongSwan now interoperates with the NCP Secure Entry Client,
278 the Shrew Soft VPN Client, and the Cisco VPN client, doing both
279 XAUTH and Mode Config.
281 - UNITY attributes are now recognized and UNITY_BANNER is set
288 - IKEv1: Support for extended authentication (XAUTH) in combination
289 with ISAKMP Main Mode RSA or PSK authentication. Both client and
290 server side were implemented. Handling of user credentials can
291 be done by a run-time loadable XAUTH module. By default user
292 credentials are stored in ipsec.secrets.
294 - IKEv2: Support for reauthentication when rekeying
296 - IKEv2: Support for transport mode
298 - fixed a lot of bugs related to byte order
300 - various other bugfixes
306 - IKEv1: Implementation of ModeConfig push mode via the new connection
307 keyword modeconfig=push allows interoperability with Cisco VPN gateways.
309 - IKEv1: The command ipsec statusall now shows "DPD active" for all
310 ISAKMP SAs that are under active Dead Peer Detection control.
312 - IKEv2: Charon's logging and debugging framework has been completely rewritten.
313 Instead of logger, special printf() functions are used to directly
314 print objects like hosts (%H) identifications (%D), certificates (%Q),
315 etc. The number of debugging levels have been reduced to:
317 0 (audit), 1 (control), 2 (controlmore), 3 (raw), 4 (private)
319 The debugging levels can either be specified statically in ipsec.conf as
322 charondebug="lib 1, cfg 3, net 2"
324 or changed at runtime via stroke as
326 ipsec stroke loglevel cfg 2
332 - Implemented full support for IPv6-in-IPv6 tunnels.
334 - Added configuration options for dead peer detection in IKEv2. dpd_action
335 types "clear", "hold" and "restart" are supported. The dpd_timeout
336 value is not used, as the normal retransmission policy applies to
337 detect dead peers. The dpd_delay parameter enables sending of empty
338 informational message to detect dead peers in case of inactivity.
340 - Added support for preshared keys in IKEv2. PSK keys configured in
341 ipsec.secrets are loaded. The authby parameter specifies the authentication
342 method to authentificate ourself, the other peer may use PSK or RSA.
344 - Changed retransmission policy to respect the keyingtries parameter.
346 - Added private key decryption. PEM keys encrypted with AES-128/192/256
347 or 3DES are supported.
349 - Implemented DES/3DES algorithms in libstrongswan. 3DES can be used to
352 - Implemented SHA-256/384/512 in libstrongswan, allows usage of certificates
353 signed with such a hash algorithm.
355 - Added initial support for updown scripts. The actions up-host/client and
356 down-host/client are executed. The leftfirewall=yes parameter
357 uses the default updown script to insert dynamic firewall rules, a custom
358 updown script may be specified with the leftupdown parameter.
364 - Added support for the auto=route ipsec.conf parameter and the
365 ipsec route/unroute commands for IKEv2. This allows to set up IKE_SAs and
366 CHILD_SAs dynamically on demand when traffic is detected by the
369 - Added support for rekeying IKE_SAs in IKEv2 using the ikelifetime parameter.
370 As specified in IKEv2, no reauthentication is done (unlike in IKEv1), only
371 new keys are generated using perfect forward secrecy. An optional flag
372 which enforces reauthentication will be implemented later.
374 - "sha" and "sha1" are now treated as synonyms in the ike= and esp=
375 algorithm configuration statements.
381 - Full X.509 certificate trust chain verification has been implemented.
382 End entity certificates can be exchanged via CERT payloads. The current
383 default is leftsendcert=always, since CERTREQ payloads are not supported
384 yet. Optional CRLs must be imported locally into /etc/ipsec.d/crls.
386 - Added support for leftprotoport/rightprotoport parameters in IKEv2. IKEv2
387 would offer more possibilities for traffic selection, but the Linux kernel
388 currently does not support it. That's why we stick with these simple
389 ipsec.conf rules for now.
391 - Added Dead Peer Detection (DPD) which checks liveliness of remote peer if no
392 IKE or ESP traffic is received. DPD is currently hardcoded (dpdaction=clear,
395 - Initial NAT traversal support in IKEv2. Charon includes NAT detection
396 notify payloads to detect NAT routers between the peers. It switches
397 to port 4500, uses UDP encapsulated ESP packets, handles peer address
398 changes gracefully and sends keep alive message periodically.
400 - Reimplemented IKE_SA state machine for charon, which allows simultaneous
401 rekeying, more shared code, cleaner design, proper retransmission
402 and a more extensible code base.
404 - The mixed PSK/RSA roadwarrior detection capability introduced by the
405 strongswan-2.7.0 release necessitated the pre-parsing of the IKE proposal
406 payloads by the responder right before any defined IKE Main Mode state had
407 been established. Although any form of bad proposal syntax was being correctly
408 detected by the payload parser, the subsequent error handler didn't check
409 the state pointer before logging current state information, causing an
410 immediate crash of the pluto keying daemon due to a NULL pointer.
416 - Added algorithm selection to charon: New default algorithms for
417 ike=aes128-sha-modp2048, as both daemons support it. The default
418 for IPsec SAs is now esp=aes128-sha,3des-md5. charon handles
419 the ike/esp parameter the same way as pluto. As this syntax does
420 not allow specification of a pseudo random function, the same
421 algorithm as for integrity is used (currently sha/md5). Supported
423 Encryption: aes128, aes192, aes256
424 Integrity/PRF: md5, sha (using hmac)
425 DH-Groups: modp768, 1024, 1536, 2048, 4096, 8192
427 Encryption: aes128, aes192, aes256, 3des, blowfish128,
428 blowfish192, blowfish256
430 More IKE encryption algorithms will come after porting libcrypto into
433 - initial support for rekeying CHILD_SAs using IKEv2. Currently no
434 perfect forward secrecy is used. The rekeying parameters rekey,
435 rekeymargin, rekeyfuzz and keylife from ipsec.conf are now supported
436 when using IKEv2. WARNING: charon currently is unable to handle
437 simultaneous rekeying. To avoid such a situation, use a large
438 rekeyfuzz, or even better, set rekey=no on one peer.
440 - support for host2host, net2net, host2net (roadwarrior) tunnels
441 using predefined RSA certificates (see uml scenarios for
442 configuration examples).
444 - new build environment featuring autotools. Features such
445 as HTTP, LDAP and smartcard support may be enabled using
446 the ./configure script. Changing install directories
447 is possible, too. See ./configure --help for more details.
449 - better integration of charon with ipsec starter, which allows
450 (almost) transparent operation with both daemons. charon
451 handles ipsec commands up, down, status, statusall, listall,
452 listcerts and allows proper load, reload and delete of connections
459 - initial support of the IKEv2 protocol. Connections in
460 ipsec.conf designated by keyexchange=ikev2 are negotiated
461 by the new IKEv2 charon keying daemon whereas those marked
462 by keyexchange=ikev1 or the default keyexchange=ike are
463 handled thy the IKEv1 pluto keying daemon. Currently only
464 a limited subset of functions are available with IKEv2
465 (Default AES encryption, authentication based on locally
466 imported X.509 certificates, unencrypted private RSA keys
467 in PKCS#1 file format, limited functionality of the ipsec
474 - the dynamic iptables rules from the _updown_x509 template
475 for KLIPS and the _updown_policy template for NETKEY have
476 been merged into the default _updown script. The existing
477 left|rightfirewall keyword causes the automatic insertion
478 and deletion of ACCEPT rules for tunneled traffic upon
479 the successful setup and teardown of an IPsec SA, respectively.
480 left|rightfirwall can be used with KLIPS under any Linux 2.4
481 kernel or with NETKEY under a Linux kernel version >= 2.6.16
482 in conjuction with iptables >= 1.3.5. For NETKEY under a Linux
483 kernel version < 2.6.16 which does not support IPsec policy
484 matching yet, please continue to use a copy of the _updown_espmark
485 template loaded via the left|rightupdown keyword.
487 - a new left|righthostaccess keyword has been introduced which
488 can be used in conjunction with left|rightfirewall and the
489 default _updown script. By default leftfirewall=yes inserts
490 a bi-directional iptables FORWARD rule for a local client network
491 with a netmask different from 255.255.255.255 (single host).
492 This does not allow to access the VPN gateway host via its
493 internal network interface which is part of the client subnet
494 because an iptables INPUT and OUTPUT rule would be required.
495 lefthostaccess=yes will cause this additional ACCEPT rules to
498 - mixed PSK|RSA roadwarriors are now supported. The ISAKMP proposal
499 payload is preparsed in order to find out whether the roadwarrior
500 requests PSK or RSA so that a matching connection candidate can
507 - the new _updown_policy template allows ipsec policy based
508 iptables firewall rules. Required are iptables version
509 >= 1.3.5 and linux kernel >= 2.6.16. This script obsoletes
510 the _updown_espmark template, so that no INPUT mangle rules
511 are required any more.
513 - added support of DPD restart mode
515 - ipsec starter now allows the use of wildcards in include
516 statements as e.g. in "include /etc/my_ipsec/*.conf".
517 Patch courtesy of Matthias Haas.
519 - the Netscape OID 'employeeNumber' is now recognized and can be
520 used as a Relative Distinguished Name in certificates.
526 - /etc/init.d/ipsec or /etc/rc.d/ipsec is now a copy of the ipsec
527 command and not of ipsec setup any more.
529 - ipsec starter now supports AH authentication in conjunction with
530 ESP encryption. AH authentication is configured in ipsec.conf
531 via the auth=ah parameter.
533 - The command ipsec scencrypt|scdecrypt <args> is now an alias for
534 ipsec whack --scencrypt|scdecrypt <args>.
536 - get_sa_info() now determines for the native netkey IPsec stack
537 the exact time of the last use of an active eroute. This information
538 is used by the Dead Peer Detection algorithm and is also displayed by
539 the ipsec status command.
545 - running under the native Linux 2.6 IPsec stack, the function
546 get_sa_info() is called by ipsec auto --status to display the current
547 number of transmitted bytes per IPsec SA.
549 - get_sa_info() is also used by the Dead Peer Detection process to detect
550 recent ESP activity. If ESP traffic was received from the peer within
551 the last dpd_delay interval then no R_Y_THERE notification must be sent.
553 - strongSwan now supports the Relative Distinguished Name "unstructuredName"
554 in ID_DER_ASN1_DN identities. The following notations are possible:
556 rightid="unstructuredName=John Doe"
557 rightid="UN=John Doe"
559 - fixed a long-standing bug which caused PSK-based roadwarrior connections
560 to segfault in the function id.c:same_id() called by keys.c:get_secret()
561 if an FQDN, USER_FQDN, or Key ID was defined, as in the following example.
568 - the ipsec command now supports most ipsec auto commands (e.g. ipsec listall).
570 - ipsec starter didn't set host_addr and client.addr ports in whack msg.
572 - in order to guarantee backwards-compatibility with the script-based
573 auto function (e.g. auto --replace), the ipsec starter scripts stores
574 the defaultroute information in the temporary file /var/run/ipsec.info.
576 - The compile-time option USE_XAUTH_VID enables the sending of the XAUTH
577 Vendor ID which is expected by Cisco PIX 7 boxes that act as IKE Mode Config
580 - the ipsec starter now also recognizes the parameters authby=never and
581 type=passthrough|pass|drop|reject.
587 - ipsec starter now supports the also parameter which allows
588 a modular structure of the connection definitions. Thus
589 "ipsec start" is now ready to replace "ipsec setup".
595 - Mathieu Lafon's popular ipsec starter tool has been added to the
596 strongSwan distribution. Many thanks go to Stephan Scholz from astaro
597 for his integration work. ipsec starter is a C program which is going
598 to replace the various shell and awk starter scripts (setup, _plutoload,
599 _plutostart, _realsetup, _startklips, _confread, and auto). Since
600 ipsec.conf is now parsed only once, the starting of multiple tunnels is
601 accelerated tremedously.
603 - Added support of %defaultroute to the ipsec starter. If the IP address
604 changes, a HUP signal to the ipsec starter will automatically
605 reload pluto's connections.
607 - moved most compile time configurations from pluto/Makefile to
608 Makefile.inc by defining the options USE_LIBCURL, USE_LDAP,
609 USE_SMARTCARD, and USE_NAT_TRAVERSAL_TRANSPORT_MODE.
611 - removed the ipsec verify and ipsec newhostkey commands
613 - fixed some 64-bit issues in formatted print statements
615 - The scepclient functionality implementing the Simple Certificate
616 Enrollment Protocol (SCEP) is nearly complete but hasn't been
623 - CA certicates are now automatically loaded from a smartcard
624 or USB crypto token and appear in the ipsec auto --listcacerts
631 - when using "ipsec whack --scencrypt <data>" with a PKCS#11
632 library that does not support the C_Encrypt() Cryptoki
633 function (e.g. OpenSC), the RSA encryption is done in
634 software using the public key fetched from the smartcard.
636 - The scepclient function now allows to define the
637 validity of a self-signed certificate using the --days,
638 --startdate, and --enddate options. The default validity
639 has been changed from one year to five years.
645 - the config setup parameter pkcs11proxy=yes opens pluto's PKCS#11
646 interface to other applications for RSA encryption and decryption
647 via the whack interface. Notation:
649 ipsec whack --scencrypt <data>
650 [--inbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
651 [--outbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
654 ipsec whack --scdecrypt <data>
655 [--inbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
656 [--outbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
659 The default setting for inbase and outbase is hex.
661 The new proxy interface can be used for securing symmetric
662 encryption keys required by the cryptoloop or dm-crypt
663 disk encryption schemes, especially in the case when
664 pkcs11keepstate=yes causes pluto to lock the pkcs11 slot
667 - if the file /etc/ipsec.secrets is lacking during the startup of
668 pluto then the root-readable file /etc/ipsec.d/private/myKey.der
669 containing a 2048 bit RSA private key and a matching self-signed
670 certificate stored in the file /etc/ipsec.d/certs/selfCert.der
671 is automatically generated by calling the function
673 ipsec scepclient --out pkcs1 --out cert-self
675 scepclient was written by Jan Hutter and Martin Willi, students
676 at the University of Applied Sciences in Rapperswil, Switzerland.
682 - the current extension of the PKCS#7 framework introduced
683 a parsing error in PKCS#7 wrapped X.509 certificates that are
684 e.g. transmitted by Windows XP when multi-level CAs are used.
685 the parsing syntax has been fixed.
687 - added a patch by Gerald Richter which tolerates multiple occurrences
688 of the ipsec0 interface when using KLIPS.
694 - with gawk-3.1.4 the word "default2 has become a protected
695 keyword for use in switch statements and cannot be used any
696 more in the strongSwan scripts. This problem has been
697 solved by renaming "default" to "defaults" and "setdefault"
698 in the scripts _confread and auto, respectively.
700 - introduced the parameter leftsendcert with the values
702 always|yes (the default, always send a cert)
703 ifasked (send the cert only upon a cert request)
704 never|no (never send a cert, used for raw RSA keys and
707 - fixed the initialization of the ESP key length to a default of
708 128 bits in the case that the peer does not send a key length
709 attribute for AES encryption.
711 - applied Herbert Xu's uniqueIDs patch
713 - applied Herbert Xu's CLOEXEC patches
719 - CRLs can now be cached also in the case when the issuer's
720 certificate does not contain a subjectKeyIdentifier field.
721 In that case the subjectKeyIdentifier is computed by pluto as the
722 160 bit SHA-1 hash of the issuer's public key in compliance
723 with section 4.2.1.2 of RFC 3280.
725 - Fixed a bug introduced by strongswan-2.5.1 which eliminated
726 not only multiple Quick Modes of a given connection but also
727 multiple connections between two security gateways.
733 - Under the native IPsec of the Linux 2.6 kernel, a %trap eroute
734 installed either by setting auto=route in ipsec.conf or by
735 a connection put into hold, generates an XFRM_AQUIRE event
736 for each packet that wants to use the not-yet exisiting
737 tunnel. Up to now each XFRM_AQUIRE event led to an entry in
738 the Quick Mode queue, causing multiple IPsec SA to be
739 established in rapid succession. Starting with strongswan-2.5.1
740 only a single IPsec SA is established per host-pair connection.
742 - Right after loading the PKCS#11 module, all smartcard slots are
743 searched for certificates. The result can be viewed using
746 ipsec auto --listcards
748 The certificate objects found in the slots are numbered
749 starting with #1, #2, etc. This position number can be used to address
750 certificates (leftcert=%smartcard) and keys (: PIN %smartcard)
751 in ipsec.conf and ipsec.secrets, respectively:
753 %smartcard (selects object #1)
754 %smartcard#1 (selects object #1)
755 %smartcard#3 (selects object #3)
757 As an alternative the existing retrieval scheme can be used:
759 %smartcard:45 (selects object with id=45)
760 %smartcard0 (selects first object in slot 0)
761 %smartcard4:45 (selects object in slot 4 with id=45)
763 - Depending on the settings of CKA_SIGN and CKA_DECRYPT
764 private key flags either C_Sign() or C_Decrypt() is used
765 to generate a signature.
767 - The output buffer length parameter siglen in C_Sign()
768 is now initialized to the actual size of the output
769 buffer prior to the function call. This fixes the
770 CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL error that could occur when using
771 the OpenSC PKCS#11 module.
773 - Changed the initialization of the PKCS#11 CK_MECHANISM in
774 C_SignInit() to mech = { CKM_RSA_PKCS, NULL_PTR, 0 }.
776 - Refactored the RSA public/private key code and transferred it
777 from keys.c to the new pkcs1.c file as a preparatory step
778 towards the release of the SCEP client.
784 - The loading of a PKCS#11 smartcard library module during
785 runtime does not require OpenSC library functions any more
786 because the corresponding code has been integrated into
787 smartcard.c. Also the RSAREF pkcs11 header files have been
788 included in a newly created pluto/rsaref directory so that
789 no external include path has to be defined any longer.
791 - A long-awaited feature has been implemented at last:
792 The local caching of CRLs fetched via HTTP or LDAP, activated
793 by the parameter cachecrls=yes in the config setup section
794 of ipsec.conf. The dynamically fetched CRLs are stored under
795 a unique file name containing the issuer's subjectKeyID
796 in /etc/ipsec.d/crls.
798 - Applied a one-line patch courtesy of Michael Richardson
799 from the Openswan project which fixes the kernel-oops
800 in KLIPS when an snmp daemon is running on the same box.
806 - Eliminated null length CRL distribution point strings.
808 - Fixed a trust path evaluation bug introduced with 2.4.3
814 - Improved the joint OCSP / CRL revocation policy.
815 OCSP responses have precedence over CRL entries.
817 - Introduced support of CRLv2 reason codes.
819 - Fixed a bug with key-pad equipped readers which caused
820 pluto to prompt for the pin via the console when the first
821 occasion to enter the pin via the key-pad was missed.
823 - When pluto is built with LDAP_V3 enabled, the library
824 liblber required by newer versions of openldap is now
831 - Added the _updown_espmark template which requires all
832 incoming ESP traffic to be marked with a default mark
835 - Introduced the pkcs11keepstate parameter in the config setup
836 section of ipsec.conf. With pkcs11keepstate=yes the PKCS#11
837 session and login states are kept as long as possible during
838 the lifetime of pluto. This means that a PIN entry via a key
839 pad has to be done only once.
841 - Introduced the pkcs11module parameter in the config setup
842 section of ipsec.conf which specifies the PKCS#11 module
843 to be used with smart cards. Example:
845 pkcs11module=/usr/lib/pkcs11/opensc-pkcs11.lo
847 - Added support of smartcard readers equipped with a PIN pad.
849 - Added patch by Jay Pfeifer which detects when netkey
850 modules have been statically built into the Linux 2.6 kernel.
852 - Added two patches by Herbert Xu. The first uses ip xfrm
853 instead of setkey to flush the IPsec policy database. The
854 second sets the optional flag in inbound IPComp SAs only.
856 - Applied Ulrich Weber's patch which fixes an interoperability
857 problem between native IPsec and KLIPS systems caused by
858 setting the replay window to 32 instead of 0 for ipcomp.
864 - Fixed a bug which caused an unwanted Mode Config request
865 to be initiated in the case where "right" was used to denote
866 the local side in ipsec.conf and "left" the remote side,
867 contrary to the recommendation that "right" be remote and
874 - updated Vendor ID to strongSwan-2.4.0
876 - updated copyright statement to include David Buechi and
883 - strongSwan now communicates with attached smartcards and
884 USB crypto tokens via the standardized PKCS #11 interface.
885 By default the OpenSC library from www.opensc.org is used
886 but any other PKCS#11 library could be dynamically linked.
887 strongSwan's PKCS#11 API was implemented by David Buechi
888 and Michael Meier, both graduates of the Zurich University
889 of Applied Sciences in Winterthur, Switzerland.
891 - When a %trap eroute is triggered by an outgoing IP packet
892 then the native IPsec stack of the Linux 2.6 kernel [often/
893 always?] returns an XFRM_ACQUIRE message with an undefined
894 protocol family field and the connection setup fails.
895 As a workaround IPv4 (AF_INET) is now assumed.
897 - the results of the UML test scenarios are now enhanced
898 with block diagrams of the virtual network topology used
899 in a particular test.
905 - fixed IV used to decrypt informational messages.
906 This bug was introduced with Mode Config functionality.
908 - fixed NCP Vendor ID.
910 - undid one of Ulrich Weber's maximum udp size patches
911 because it caused a segmentation fault with NAT-ed
914 - added UML scenarios wildcards and attr-cert which
915 demonstrate the implementation of IPsec policies based
916 on wildcard parameters contained in Distinguished Names and
917 on X.509 attribute certificates, respectively.
923 - Added basic Mode Config functionality
925 - Added Mathieu Lafon's patch which upgrades the status of
926 the NAT-Traversal implementation to RFC 3947.
928 - The _startklips script now also loads the xfrm4_tunnel
931 - Added Ulrich Weber's netlink replay window size and
932 maximum udp size patches.
934 - UML testing now uses the Linux 2.6.10 UML kernel by default.
940 - Eric Marchionni and Patrik Rayo, both recent graduates from
941 the Zuercher Hochschule Winterthur in Switzerland, created a
942 User-Mode-Linux test setup for strongSwan. For more details
943 please read the INSTALL and README documents in the testing
946 - Full support of group attributes based on X.509 attribute
947 certificates. Attribute certificates can be generated
948 using the openac facility. For more details see
952 The group attributes can be used in connection definitions
953 in order to give IPsec access to specific user groups.
954 This is done with the new parameter left|rightgroups as in
956 rightgroups="Research, Sales"
958 giving access to users possessing the group attributes
959 Research or Sales, only.
961 - In Quick Mode clients with subnet mask /32 are now
962 coded as IP_V4_ADDRESS or IP_V6_ADDRESS. This should
963 fix rekeying problems with the SafeNet/SoftRemote and NCP
964 Secure Entry Clients.
966 - Changed the defaults of the ikelifetime and keylife parameters
967 to 3h and 1h, respectively. The maximum allowable values are
968 now both set to 24 h.
970 - Suppressed notification wars between two IPsec peers that
971 could e.g. be triggered by incorrect ISAKMP encryption.
973 - Public RSA keys can now have identical IDs if either the
974 issuing CA or the serial number is different. The serial
975 number of a certificate is now shown by the command
977 ipsec auto --listpubkeys
983 - Added Tuomo Soini's sourceip feature which allows a strongSwan
984 roadwarrior to use a fixed Virtual IP (see README section 2.6)
985 and reduces the well-known four tunnel case on VPN gateways to
986 a single tunnel definition (see README section 2.4).
988 - Fixed a bug occuring with NAT-Traversal enabled when the responder
989 suddenly turns initiator and the initiator cannot find a matching
990 connection because of the floated IKE port 4500.
992 - Removed misleading ipsec verify command from barf.
994 - Running under the native IP stack, ipsec --version now shows
995 the Linux kernel version (courtesy to the Openswan project).
1001 - Introduced the ipsec auto --listalgs monitoring command which lists
1002 all currently registered IKE and ESP algorithms.
1004 - Fixed a bug in the ESP algorithm selection occuring when the strict flag
1005 is set and the first proposed transform does not match.
1007 - Fixed another deadlock in the use of the lock_certs_and_keys() mutex,
1008 occuring when a smartcard is present.
1010 - Prevented that a superseded Phase1 state can trigger a DPD_TIMEOUT event.
1012 - Fixed the printing of the notification names (null)
1014 - Applied another of Herbert Xu's Netlink patches.
1020 - Support of Dead Peer Detection. The connection parameter
1022 dpdaction=clear|hold
1024 activates DPD for the given connection.
1026 - The default Opportunistic Encryption (OE) policy groups are not
1027 automatically included anymore. Those wishing to activate OE can include
1028 the policy group with the following statement in ipsec.conf:
1030 include /etc/ipsec.d/examples/oe.conf
1032 The default for [right|left]rsasigkey is now set to %cert.
1034 - strongSwan now has a Vendor ID of its own which can be activated
1035 using the compile option VENDORID
1037 - Applied Herbert Xu's patch which sets the compression algorithm correctly.
1039 - Applied Herbert Xu's patch fixing an ESPINUDP problem
1041 - Applied Herbert Xu's patch setting source/destination port numbers.
1043 - Reapplied one of Herbert Xu's NAT-Traversal patches which got
1044 lost during the migration from SuperFreeS/WAN.
1046 - Fixed a deadlock in the use of the lock_certs_and_keys() mutex.
1048 - Fixed the unsharing of alg parameters when instantiating group
1055 - Thomas Walpuski made me aware of a potential DoS attack via
1056 a PKCS#7-wrapped certificate bundle which could overwrite valid CA
1057 certificates in Pluto's authority certificate store. This vulnerability
1058 was fixed by establishing trust in CA candidate certificates up to a
1059 trusted root CA prior to insertion into Pluto's chained list.
1061 - replaced the --assign option by the -v option in the auto awk script
1062 in order to make it run with mawk under debian/woody.
1068 - Split of the status information between ipsec auto --status (concise)
1069 and ipsec auto --statusall (verbose). Both commands can be used with
1070 an optional connection selector:
1072 ipsec auto --status[all] <connection_name>
1074 - Added the description of X.509 related features to the ipsec_auto(8)
1077 - Hardened the ASN.1 parser in debug mode, especially the printing
1078 of malformed distinguished names.
1080 - The size of an RSA public key received in a certificate is now restricted to
1082 512 bits <= modulus length <= 8192 bits.
1084 - Fixed the debug mode enumeration.
1090 - Fixed another PKCS#7 vulnerability which could lead to an
1091 endless loop while following the X.509 trust chain.
1097 - Fixed the PKCS#7 vulnerability discovered by Thomas Walpuski
1098 that accepted end certificates having identical issuer and subject
1099 distinguished names in a multi-tier X.509 trust chain.
1105 - Removed all remaining references to ipsec_netlink.h in KLIPS.
1111 - The new "ca" section allows to define the following parameters:
1114 cacert=koolCA.pem # cacert of kool CA
1115 ocspuri=http://ocsp.kool.net:8001 # ocsp server
1116 ldapserver=ldap.kool.net # default ldap server
1117 crluri=http://www.kool.net/kool.crl # crl distribution point
1118 crluri2="ldap:///O=Kool, C= .." # crl distribution point #2
1119 auto=add # add, ignore
1121 The ca definitions can be monitored via the command
1123 ipsec auto --listcainfos
1125 - Fixed cosmetic corruption of /proc filesystem by integrating
1126 D. Hugh Redelmeier's freeswan-2.06 kernel fixes.
1132 - Added support for the 818043 NAT-Traversal update of Microsoft's
1133 Windows 2000/XP IPsec client which sends an ID_FQDN during Quick Mode.
1135 - A symbolic link to libcrypto is now added in the kernel sources
1136 during kernel compilation
1138 - Fixed a couple of 64 bit issues (mostly casts to int).
1139 Thanks to Ken Bantoft who checked my sources on a 64 bit platform.
1141 - Replaced s[n]printf() statements in the kernel by ipsec_snprintf().
1142 Credits go to D. Hugh Redelmeier, Michael Richardson, and Sam Sgro
1143 of the FreeS/WAN team who solved this problem with the 2.4.25 kernel.
1149 - an empty ASN.1 SEQUENCE OF or SET OF object (e.g. a subjectAltName
1150 certificate extension which contains no generalName item) can cause
1151 a pluto crash. This bug has been fixed. Additionally the ASN.1 parser has
1152 been hardened to make it more robust against malformed ASN.1 objects.
1154 - applied Herbert Xu's NAT-T patches which fixes NAT-T under the native
1155 Linux 2.6 IPsec stack.
1161 - based on freeswan-2.04, x509-1.5.3, nat-0.6c, alg-0.8.1rc12