4 - Default _updown scripts now dynamically inserts and removes ip6tables
5 firewall rules if leftfirewall=yes is set in IPv6 connections.
11 - Removed recursive pthread mutexes since uClibc doesn't support them.
17 - In NAT traversal situations and multiple queued Quick Modes,
18 those pending connections inserted by auto=start after the
19 port floating from 500 to 4500 were erronously deleted.
21 - Added a "forceencaps" connection parameter to enforce UDP encapsulation
22 to surmount restrictive firewalls. NAT detection payloads are faked to
23 simulate a NAT situation and trick the other peer into NAT mode (IKEv2 only).
25 - Preview of strongSwan Manager, a web based configuration and monitoring
26 application. It uses a new XML control interface to query the IKEv2 daemon
27 (see http://trac.strongswan.org/wiki/Manager).
29 - Experimental SQLite configuration backend which will provide the configuration
30 interface for strongSwan Manager in future releases.
32 - Further improvements to MOBIKE support.
38 - Since some third party IKEv2 implementations run into
39 problems with strongSwan announcing MOBIKE capability per
40 default, MOBIKE can be disabled on a per-connection-basis
41 using the mobike=no option. Whereas mobike=no disables the
42 sending of the MOBIKE_SUPPORTED notification and the floating
43 to UDP port 4500 with the IKE_AUTH request even if no NAT
44 situation has been detected, strongSwan will still support
45 MOBIKE acting as a responder.
47 - the default ipsec routing table plus its corresponding priority
48 used for inserting source routes has been changed from 100 to 220.
49 It can be configured using the --with-ipsec-routing-table and
50 --with-ipsec-routing-table-prio options.
52 - the --enable-integrity-test configure option tests the
53 integrity of the libstrongswan crypto code during the charon
56 - the --disable-xauth-vid configure option disables the sending
57 of the XAUTH vendor ID. This can be used as a workaround when
58 interoperating with some Windows VPN clients that get into
59 trouble upon reception of an XAUTH VID without eXtended
60 AUTHentication having been configured.
62 - ipsec stroke now supports the rereadsecrets, rereadaacerts,
63 rereadacerts, and listacerts options.
69 - If a DNS lookup failure occurs when resolving right=%<FQDN>
70 or right=<FQDN> combined with rightallowany=yes then the
71 connection is not updated by ipsec starter thus preventing
72 the disruption of an active IPsec connection. Only if the DNS
73 lookup successfully returns with a changed IP address the
74 corresponding connection definition is updated.
76 - Routes installed by the keying daemons are now in a separate
77 routing table with the ID 100 to avoid conflicts with the main
78 table. Route lookup for IKEv2 traffic is done in userspace to ignore
79 routes installed for IPsec, as IKE traffic shouldn't get encapsulated.
85 - The pluto IKEv1 daemon now exhibits the same behaviour as its
86 IKEv2 companion charon by inserting an explicit route via the
87 _updown script only if a sourceip exists. This is admissible
88 since routing through the IPsec tunnel is handled automatically
89 by NETKEY's IPsec policies. As a consequence the left|rightnexthop
90 parameter is not required any more.
92 - The new IKEv1 parameter right|leftallowany parameters helps to handle
93 the case where both peers possess dynamic IP addresses that are
94 usually resolved using DynDNS or a similar service. The configuration
99 can be used by the initiator to start up a connection to a peer
100 by resolving peer.foo.bar into the currently allocated IP address.
101 Thanks to the rightallowany flag the connection behaves later on
106 so that the peer can rekey the connection as an initiator when his
107 IP address changes. An alternative notation is
111 which will implicitly set rightallowany=yes.
113 - ipsec starter now fails more gracefully in the presence of parsing
114 errors. Flawed ca and conn section are discarded and pluto is started
115 if non-fatal errors only were encountered. If right=%peer.foo.bar
116 cannot be resolved by DNS then right=%any will be used so that passive
117 connections as a responder are still possible.
119 - The new pkcs11initargs parameter that can be placed in the
120 setup config section of /etc/ipsec.conf allows the definition
121 of an argument string that is used with the PKCS#11 C_Initialize()
122 function. This non-standard feature is required by the NSS softoken
123 library. This patch was contributed by Robert Varga.
125 - Fixed a bug in ipsec starter introduced by strongswan-2.8.5
126 which caused a segmentation fault in the presence of unknown
127 or misspelt keywords in ipsec.conf. This bug fix was contributed
130 - Partial support for MOBIKE in IKEv2. The initiator acts on interface/
131 address configuration changes and updates IKE and IPsec SAs dynamically.
137 - IKEv2 peer configuration selection now can be based on a given
138 certification authority using the rightca= statement.
140 - IKEv2 authentication based on RSA signatures now can handle multiple
141 certificates issued for a given peer ID. This allows a smooth transition
142 in the case of a peer certificate renewal.
144 - IKEv2: Support for requesting a specific virtual IP using leftsourceip on the
145 client and returning requested virtual IPs using rightsourceip=%config
146 on the server. If the server does not support configuration payloads, the
147 client enforces its leftsourceip parameter.
149 - The ./configure options --with-uid/--with-gid allow pluto and charon
150 to drop their privileges to a minimum and change to an other UID/GID. This
151 improves the systems security, as a possible intruder may only get the
152 CAP_NET_ADMIN capability.
154 - Further modularization of charon: Pluggable control interface and
155 configuration backend modules provide extensibility. The control interface
156 for stroke is included, and further interfaces using DBUS (NetworkManager)
157 or XML are on the way. A backend for storing configurations in the daemon
158 is provided and more advanced backends (using e.g. a database) are trivial
161 - Fixed a compilation failure in libfreeswan occuring with Linux kernel
168 - Support for an additional Diffie-Hellman exchange when creating/rekeying
169 a CHILD_SA in IKEv2 (PFS). PFS is enabled when the proposal contains a
170 DH group (e.g. "esp=aes128-sha1-modp1536"). Further, DH group negotiation
171 is implemented properly for rekeying.
173 - Support for the AES-XCBC-96 MAC algorithm for IPsec SAs when using IKEv2
174 (requires linux >= 2.6.20). It is enabled using e.g. "esp=aes256-aesxcbc".
176 - Working IPv4-in-IPv6 and IPv6-in-IPv4 tunnels for linux >= 2.6.21.
178 - Added support for EAP modules which do not establish an MSK.
180 - Removed the dependencies from the /usr/include/linux/ headers by
181 including xfrm.h, ipsec.h, and pfkeyv2.h in the distribution.
183 - crlNumber is now listed by ipsec listcrls
185 - The xauth_modules.verify_secret() function now passes the
192 - Server side cookie support. If to may IKE_SAs are in CONNECTING state,
193 cookies are enabled and protect against DoS attacks with faked source
194 addresses. Number of IKE_SAs in CONNECTING state is also limited per
195 peer address to avoid resource exhaustion. IKE_SA_INIT messages are
196 compared to properly detect retransmissions and incoming retransmits are
197 detected even if the IKE_SA is blocked (e.g. doing OCSP fetches).
199 - The IKEv2 daemon charon now supports dynamic http- and ldap-based CRL
200 fetching enabled by crlcheckinterval > 0 and caching fetched CRLs
201 enabled by cachecrls=yes.
203 - Added the configuration options --enable-nat-transport which enables
204 the potentially insecure NAT traversal for IPsec transport mode and
205 --disable-vendor-id which disables the sending of the strongSwan
208 - Fixed a long-standing bug in the pluto IKEv1 daemon which caused
209 a segmentation fault if a malformed payload was detected in the
210 IKE MR2 message and pluto tried to send an encrypted notification
213 - Added the NATT_IETF_02_N Vendor ID in order to support IKEv1 connections
214 with Windows 2003 Server which uses a wrong VID hash.
220 - Support of SHA2_384 hash function for protecting IKEv1
221 negotiations and support of SHA2 signatures in X.509 certificates.
223 - Fixed a serious bug in the computation of the SHA2-512 HMAC
224 function. Introduced automatic self-test of all IKEv1 hash
225 and hmac functions during pluto startup. Failure of a self-test
226 currently issues a warning only but does not exit pluto [yet].
228 - Support for SHA2-256/384/512 PRF and HMAC functions in IKEv2.
230 - Full support of CA information sections. ipsec listcainfos
231 now shows all collected crlDistributionPoints and OCSP
234 - Support of the Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) for IKEv2.
235 This feature requires the HTTP fetching capabilities of the libcurl
236 library which must be enabled by setting the --enable-http configure
239 - Refactored core of the IKEv2 message processing code, allowing better
240 code reuse and separation.
242 - Virtual IP support in IKEv2 using INTERNAL_IP4/6_ADDRESS configuration
243 payload. Additionally, the INTERNAL_IP4/6_DNS attribute is interpreted
244 by the requestor and installed in a resolv.conf file.
246 - The IKEv2 daemon charon installs a route for each IPsec policy to use
247 the correct source address even if an application does not explicitly
250 - Integrated the EAP framework into charon which loads pluggable EAP library
251 modules. The ipsec.conf parameter authby=eap initiates EAP authentication
252 on the client side, while the "eap" parameter on the server side defines
253 the EAP method to use for client authentication.
254 A generic client side EAP-Identity module and an EAP-SIM authentication
255 module using a third party card reader implementation are included.
257 - Added client side support for cookies.
259 - Integrated the fixes done at the IKEv2 interoperability bakeoff, including
260 strict payload order, correct INVALID_KE_PAYLOAD rejection and other minor
261 fixes to enhance interoperability with other implementations.
267 - strongSwan now interoperates with the NCP Secure Entry Client,
268 the Shrew Soft VPN Client, and the Cisco VPN client, doing both
269 XAUTH and Mode Config.
271 - UNITY attributes are now recognized and UNITY_BANNER is set
278 - IKEv1: Support for extended authentication (XAUTH) in combination
279 with ISAKMP Main Mode RSA or PSK authentication. Both client and
280 server side were implemented. Handling of user credentials can
281 be done by a run-time loadable XAUTH module. By default user
282 credentials are stored in ipsec.secrets.
284 - IKEv2: Support for reauthentication when rekeying
286 - IKEv2: Support for transport mode
288 - fixed a lot of bugs related to byte order
290 - various other bugfixes
296 - IKEv1: Implementation of ModeConfig push mode via the new connection
297 keyword modeconfig=push allows interoperability with Cisco VPN gateways.
299 - IKEv1: The command ipsec statusall now shows "DPD active" for all
300 ISAKMP SAs that are under active Dead Peer Detection control.
302 - IKEv2: Charon's logging and debugging framework has been completely rewritten.
303 Instead of logger, special printf() functions are used to directly
304 print objects like hosts (%H) identifications (%D), certificates (%Q),
305 etc. The number of debugging levels have been reduced to:
307 0 (audit), 1 (control), 2 (controlmore), 3 (raw), 4 (private)
309 The debugging levels can either be specified statically in ipsec.conf as
312 charondebug="lib 1, cfg 3, net 2"
314 or changed at runtime via stroke as
316 ipsec stroke loglevel cfg 2
322 - Implemented full support for IPv6-in-IPv6 tunnels.
324 - Added configuration options for dead peer detection in IKEv2. dpd_action
325 types "clear", "hold" and "restart" are supported. The dpd_timeout
326 value is not used, as the normal retransmission policy applies to
327 detect dead peers. The dpd_delay parameter enables sending of empty
328 informational message to detect dead peers in case of inactivity.
330 - Added support for preshared keys in IKEv2. PSK keys configured in
331 ipsec.secrets are loaded. The authby parameter specifies the authentication
332 method to authentificate ourself, the other peer may use PSK or RSA.
334 - Changed retransmission policy to respect the keyingtries parameter.
336 - Added private key decryption. PEM keys encrypted with AES-128/192/256
337 or 3DES are supported.
339 - Implemented DES/3DES algorithms in libstrongswan. 3DES can be used to
342 - Implemented SHA-256/384/512 in libstrongswan, allows usage of certificates
343 signed with such a hash algorithm.
345 - Added initial support for updown scripts. The actions up-host/client and
346 down-host/client are executed. The leftfirewall=yes parameter
347 uses the default updown script to insert dynamic firewall rules, a custom
348 updown script may be specified with the leftupdown parameter.
354 - Added support for the auto=route ipsec.conf parameter and the
355 ipsec route/unroute commands for IKEv2. This allows to set up IKE_SAs and
356 CHILD_SAs dynamically on demand when traffic is detected by the
359 - Added support for rekeying IKE_SAs in IKEv2 using the ikelifetime parameter.
360 As specified in IKEv2, no reauthentication is done (unlike in IKEv1), only
361 new keys are generated using perfect forward secrecy. An optional flag
362 which enforces reauthentication will be implemented later.
364 - "sha" and "sha1" are now treated as synonyms in the ike= and esp=
365 algorithm configuration statements.
371 - Full X.509 certificate trust chain verification has been implemented.
372 End entity certificates can be exchanged via CERT payloads. The current
373 default is leftsendcert=always, since CERTREQ payloads are not supported
374 yet. Optional CRLs must be imported locally into /etc/ipsec.d/crls.
376 - Added support for leftprotoport/rightprotoport parameters in IKEv2. IKEv2
377 would offer more possibilities for traffic selection, but the Linux kernel
378 currently does not support it. That's why we stick with these simple
379 ipsec.conf rules for now.
381 - Added Dead Peer Detection (DPD) which checks liveliness of remote peer if no
382 IKE or ESP traffic is received. DPD is currently hardcoded (dpdaction=clear,
385 - Initial NAT traversal support in IKEv2. Charon includes NAT detection
386 notify payloads to detect NAT routers between the peers. It switches
387 to port 4500, uses UDP encapsulated ESP packets, handles peer address
388 changes gracefully and sends keep alive message periodically.
390 - Reimplemented IKE_SA state machine for charon, which allows simultaneous
391 rekeying, more shared code, cleaner design, proper retransmission
392 and a more extensible code base.
394 - The mixed PSK/RSA roadwarrior detection capability introduced by the
395 strongswan-2.7.0 release necessitated the pre-parsing of the IKE proposal
396 payloads by the responder right before any defined IKE Main Mode state had
397 been established. Although any form of bad proposal syntax was being correctly
398 detected by the payload parser, the subsequent error handler didn't check
399 the state pointer before logging current state information, causing an
400 immediate crash of the pluto keying daemon due to a NULL pointer.
406 - Added algorithm selection to charon: New default algorithms for
407 ike=aes128-sha-modp2048, as both daemons support it. The default
408 for IPsec SAs is now esp=aes128-sha,3des-md5. charon handles
409 the ike/esp parameter the same way as pluto. As this syntax does
410 not allow specification of a pseudo random function, the same
411 algorithm as for integrity is used (currently sha/md5). Supported
413 Encryption: aes128, aes192, aes256
414 Integrity/PRF: md5, sha (using hmac)
415 DH-Groups: modp768, 1024, 1536, 2048, 4096, 8192
417 Encryption: aes128, aes192, aes256, 3des, blowfish128,
418 blowfish192, blowfish256
420 More IKE encryption algorithms will come after porting libcrypto into
423 - initial support for rekeying CHILD_SAs using IKEv2. Currently no
424 perfect forward secrecy is used. The rekeying parameters rekey,
425 rekeymargin, rekeyfuzz and keylife from ipsec.conf are now supported
426 when using IKEv2. WARNING: charon currently is unable to handle
427 simultaneous rekeying. To avoid such a situation, use a large
428 rekeyfuzz, or even better, set rekey=no on one peer.
430 - support for host2host, net2net, host2net (roadwarrior) tunnels
431 using predefined RSA certificates (see uml scenarios for
432 configuration examples).
434 - new build environment featuring autotools. Features such
435 as HTTP, LDAP and smartcard support may be enabled using
436 the ./configure script. Changing install directories
437 is possible, too. See ./configure --help for more details.
439 - better integration of charon with ipsec starter, which allows
440 (almost) transparent operation with both daemons. charon
441 handles ipsec commands up, down, status, statusall, listall,
442 listcerts and allows proper load, reload and delete of connections
449 - initial support of the IKEv2 protocol. Connections in
450 ipsec.conf designated by keyexchange=ikev2 are negotiated
451 by the new IKEv2 charon keying daemon whereas those marked
452 by keyexchange=ikev1 or the default keyexchange=ike are
453 handled thy the IKEv1 pluto keying daemon. Currently only
454 a limited subset of functions are available with IKEv2
455 (Default AES encryption, authentication based on locally
456 imported X.509 certificates, unencrypted private RSA keys
457 in PKCS#1 file format, limited functionality of the ipsec
464 - the dynamic iptables rules from the _updown_x509 template
465 for KLIPS and the _updown_policy template for NETKEY have
466 been merged into the default _updown script. The existing
467 left|rightfirewall keyword causes the automatic insertion
468 and deletion of ACCEPT rules for tunneled traffic upon
469 the successful setup and teardown of an IPsec SA, respectively.
470 left|rightfirwall can be used with KLIPS under any Linux 2.4
471 kernel or with NETKEY under a Linux kernel version >= 2.6.16
472 in conjuction with iptables >= 1.3.5. For NETKEY under a Linux
473 kernel version < 2.6.16 which does not support IPsec policy
474 matching yet, please continue to use a copy of the _updown_espmark
475 template loaded via the left|rightupdown keyword.
477 - a new left|righthostaccess keyword has been introduced which
478 can be used in conjunction with left|rightfirewall and the
479 default _updown script. By default leftfirewall=yes inserts
480 a bi-directional iptables FORWARD rule for a local client network
481 with a netmask different from 255.255.255.255 (single host).
482 This does not allow to access the VPN gateway host via its
483 internal network interface which is part of the client subnet
484 because an iptables INPUT and OUTPUT rule would be required.
485 lefthostaccess=yes will cause this additional ACCEPT rules to
488 - mixed PSK|RSA roadwarriors are now supported. The ISAKMP proposal
489 payload is preparsed in order to find out whether the roadwarrior
490 requests PSK or RSA so that a matching connection candidate can
497 - the new _updown_policy template allows ipsec policy based
498 iptables firewall rules. Required are iptables version
499 >= 1.3.5 and linux kernel >= 2.6.16. This script obsoletes
500 the _updown_espmark template, so that no INPUT mangle rules
501 are required any more.
503 - added support of DPD restart mode
505 - ipsec starter now allows the use of wildcards in include
506 statements as e.g. in "include /etc/my_ipsec/*.conf".
507 Patch courtesy of Matthias Haas.
509 - the Netscape OID 'employeeNumber' is now recognized and can be
510 used as a Relative Distinguished Name in certificates.
516 - /etc/init.d/ipsec or /etc/rc.d/ipsec is now a copy of the ipsec
517 command and not of ipsec setup any more.
519 - ipsec starter now supports AH authentication in conjunction with
520 ESP encryption. AH authentication is configured in ipsec.conf
521 via the auth=ah parameter.
523 - The command ipsec scencrypt|scdecrypt <args> is now an alias for
524 ipsec whack --scencrypt|scdecrypt <args>.
526 - get_sa_info() now determines for the native netkey IPsec stack
527 the exact time of the last use of an active eroute. This information
528 is used by the Dead Peer Detection algorithm and is also displayed by
529 the ipsec status command.
535 - running under the native Linux 2.6 IPsec stack, the function
536 get_sa_info() is called by ipsec auto --status to display the current
537 number of transmitted bytes per IPsec SA.
539 - get_sa_info() is also used by the Dead Peer Detection process to detect
540 recent ESP activity. If ESP traffic was received from the peer within
541 the last dpd_delay interval then no R_Y_THERE notification must be sent.
543 - strongSwan now supports the Relative Distinguished Name "unstructuredName"
544 in ID_DER_ASN1_DN identities. The following notations are possible:
546 rightid="unstructuredName=John Doe"
547 rightid="UN=John Doe"
549 - fixed a long-standing bug which caused PSK-based roadwarrior connections
550 to segfault in the function id.c:same_id() called by keys.c:get_secret()
551 if an FQDN, USER_FQDN, or Key ID was defined, as in the following example.
558 - the ipsec command now supports most ipsec auto commands (e.g. ipsec listall).
560 - ipsec starter didn't set host_addr and client.addr ports in whack msg.
562 - in order to guarantee backwards-compatibility with the script-based
563 auto function (e.g. auto --replace), the ipsec starter scripts stores
564 the defaultroute information in the temporary file /var/run/ipsec.info.
566 - The compile-time option USE_XAUTH_VID enables the sending of the XAUTH
567 Vendor ID which is expected by Cisco PIX 7 boxes that act as IKE Mode Config
570 - the ipsec starter now also recognizes the parameters authby=never and
571 type=passthrough|pass|drop|reject.
577 - ipsec starter now supports the also parameter which allows
578 a modular structure of the connection definitions. Thus
579 "ipsec start" is now ready to replace "ipsec setup".
585 - Mathieu Lafon's popular ipsec starter tool has been added to the
586 strongSwan distribution. Many thanks go to Stephan Scholz from astaro
587 for his integration work. ipsec starter is a C program which is going
588 to replace the various shell and awk starter scripts (setup, _plutoload,
589 _plutostart, _realsetup, _startklips, _confread, and auto). Since
590 ipsec.conf is now parsed only once, the starting of multiple tunnels is
591 accelerated tremedously.
593 - Added support of %defaultroute to the ipsec starter. If the IP address
594 changes, a HUP signal to the ipsec starter will automatically
595 reload pluto's connections.
597 - moved most compile time configurations from pluto/Makefile to
598 Makefile.inc by defining the options USE_LIBCURL, USE_LDAP,
599 USE_SMARTCARD, and USE_NAT_TRAVERSAL_TRANSPORT_MODE.
601 - removed the ipsec verify and ipsec newhostkey commands
603 - fixed some 64-bit issues in formatted print statements
605 - The scepclient functionality implementing the Simple Certificate
606 Enrollment Protocol (SCEP) is nearly complete but hasn't been
613 - CA certicates are now automatically loaded from a smartcard
614 or USB crypto token and appear in the ipsec auto --listcacerts
621 - when using "ipsec whack --scencrypt <data>" with a PKCS#11
622 library that does not support the C_Encrypt() Cryptoki
623 function (e.g. OpenSC), the RSA encryption is done in
624 software using the public key fetched from the smartcard.
626 - The scepclient function now allows to define the
627 validity of a self-signed certificate using the --days,
628 --startdate, and --enddate options. The default validity
629 has been changed from one year to five years.
635 - the config setup parameter pkcs11proxy=yes opens pluto's PKCS#11
636 interface to other applications for RSA encryption and decryption
637 via the whack interface. Notation:
639 ipsec whack --scencrypt <data>
640 [--inbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
641 [--outbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
644 ipsec whack --scdecrypt <data>
645 [--inbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
646 [--outbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
649 The default setting for inbase and outbase is hex.
651 The new proxy interface can be used for securing symmetric
652 encryption keys required by the cryptoloop or dm-crypt
653 disk encryption schemes, especially in the case when
654 pkcs11keepstate=yes causes pluto to lock the pkcs11 slot
657 - if the file /etc/ipsec.secrets is lacking during the startup of
658 pluto then the root-readable file /etc/ipsec.d/private/myKey.der
659 containing a 2048 bit RSA private key and a matching self-signed
660 certificate stored in the file /etc/ipsec.d/certs/selfCert.der
661 is automatically generated by calling the function
663 ipsec scepclient --out pkcs1 --out cert-self
665 scepclient was written by Jan Hutter and Martin Willi, students
666 at the University of Applied Sciences in Rapperswil, Switzerland.
672 - the current extension of the PKCS#7 framework introduced
673 a parsing error in PKCS#7 wrapped X.509 certificates that are
674 e.g. transmitted by Windows XP when multi-level CAs are used.
675 the parsing syntax has been fixed.
677 - added a patch by Gerald Richter which tolerates multiple occurrences
678 of the ipsec0 interface when using KLIPS.
684 - with gawk-3.1.4 the word "default2 has become a protected
685 keyword for use in switch statements and cannot be used any
686 more in the strongSwan scripts. This problem has been
687 solved by renaming "default" to "defaults" and "setdefault"
688 in the scripts _confread and auto, respectively.
690 - introduced the parameter leftsendcert with the values
692 always|yes (the default, always send a cert)
693 ifasked (send the cert only upon a cert request)
694 never|no (never send a cert, used for raw RSA keys and
697 - fixed the initialization of the ESP key length to a default of
698 128 bits in the case that the peer does not send a key length
699 attribute for AES encryption.
701 - applied Herbert Xu's uniqueIDs patch
703 - applied Herbert Xu's CLOEXEC patches
709 - CRLs can now be cached also in the case when the issuer's
710 certificate does not contain a subjectKeyIdentifier field.
711 In that case the subjectKeyIdentifier is computed by pluto as the
712 160 bit SHA-1 hash of the issuer's public key in compliance
713 with section 4.2.1.2 of RFC 3280.
715 - Fixed a bug introduced by strongswan-2.5.1 which eliminated
716 not only multiple Quick Modes of a given connection but also
717 multiple connections between two security gateways.
723 - Under the native IPsec of the Linux 2.6 kernel, a %trap eroute
724 installed either by setting auto=route in ipsec.conf or by
725 a connection put into hold, generates an XFRM_AQUIRE event
726 for each packet that wants to use the not-yet exisiting
727 tunnel. Up to now each XFRM_AQUIRE event led to an entry in
728 the Quick Mode queue, causing multiple IPsec SA to be
729 established in rapid succession. Starting with strongswan-2.5.1
730 only a single IPsec SA is established per host-pair connection.
732 - Right after loading the PKCS#11 module, all smartcard slots are
733 searched for certificates. The result can be viewed using
736 ipsec auto --listcards
738 The certificate objects found in the slots are numbered
739 starting with #1, #2, etc. This position number can be used to address
740 certificates (leftcert=%smartcard) and keys (: PIN %smartcard)
741 in ipsec.conf and ipsec.secrets, respectively:
743 %smartcard (selects object #1)
744 %smartcard#1 (selects object #1)
745 %smartcard#3 (selects object #3)
747 As an alternative the existing retrieval scheme can be used:
749 %smartcard:45 (selects object with id=45)
750 %smartcard0 (selects first object in slot 0)
751 %smartcard4:45 (selects object in slot 4 with id=45)
753 - Depending on the settings of CKA_SIGN and CKA_DECRYPT
754 private key flags either C_Sign() or C_Decrypt() is used
755 to generate a signature.
757 - The output buffer length parameter siglen in C_Sign()
758 is now initialized to the actual size of the output
759 buffer prior to the function call. This fixes the
760 CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL error that could occur when using
761 the OpenSC PKCS#11 module.
763 - Changed the initialization of the PKCS#11 CK_MECHANISM in
764 C_SignInit() to mech = { CKM_RSA_PKCS, NULL_PTR, 0 }.
766 - Refactored the RSA public/private key code and transferred it
767 from keys.c to the new pkcs1.c file as a preparatory step
768 towards the release of the SCEP client.
774 - The loading of a PKCS#11 smartcard library module during
775 runtime does not require OpenSC library functions any more
776 because the corresponding code has been integrated into
777 smartcard.c. Also the RSAREF pkcs11 header files have been
778 included in a newly created pluto/rsaref directory so that
779 no external include path has to be defined any longer.
781 - A long-awaited feature has been implemented at last:
782 The local caching of CRLs fetched via HTTP or LDAP, activated
783 by the parameter cachecrls=yes in the config setup section
784 of ipsec.conf. The dynamically fetched CRLs are stored under
785 a unique file name containing the issuer's subjectKeyID
786 in /etc/ipsec.d/crls.
788 - Applied a one-line patch courtesy of Michael Richardson
789 from the Openswan project which fixes the kernel-oops
790 in KLIPS when an snmp daemon is running on the same box.
796 - Eliminated null length CRL distribution point strings.
798 - Fixed a trust path evaluation bug introduced with 2.4.3
804 - Improved the joint OCSP / CRL revocation policy.
805 OCSP responses have precedence over CRL entries.
807 - Introduced support of CRLv2 reason codes.
809 - Fixed a bug with key-pad equipped readers which caused
810 pluto to prompt for the pin via the console when the first
811 occasion to enter the pin via the key-pad was missed.
813 - When pluto is built with LDAP_V3 enabled, the library
814 liblber required by newer versions of openldap is now
821 - Added the _updown_espmark template which requires all
822 incoming ESP traffic to be marked with a default mark
825 - Introduced the pkcs11keepstate parameter in the config setup
826 section of ipsec.conf. With pkcs11keepstate=yes the PKCS#11
827 session and login states are kept as long as possible during
828 the lifetime of pluto. This means that a PIN entry via a key
829 pad has to be done only once.
831 - Introduced the pkcs11module parameter in the config setup
832 section of ipsec.conf which specifies the PKCS#11 module
833 to be used with smart cards. Example:
835 pkcs11module=/usr/lib/pkcs11/opensc-pkcs11.lo
837 - Added support of smartcard readers equipped with a PIN pad.
839 - Added patch by Jay Pfeifer which detects when netkey
840 modules have been statically built into the Linux 2.6 kernel.
842 - Added two patches by Herbert Xu. The first uses ip xfrm
843 instead of setkey to flush the IPsec policy database. The
844 second sets the optional flag in inbound IPComp SAs only.
846 - Applied Ulrich Weber's patch which fixes an interoperability
847 problem between native IPsec and KLIPS systems caused by
848 setting the replay window to 32 instead of 0 for ipcomp.
854 - Fixed a bug which caused an unwanted Mode Config request
855 to be initiated in the case where "right" was used to denote
856 the local side in ipsec.conf and "left" the remote side,
857 contrary to the recommendation that "right" be remote and
864 - updated Vendor ID to strongSwan-2.4.0
866 - updated copyright statement to include David Buechi and
873 - strongSwan now communicates with attached smartcards and
874 USB crypto tokens via the standardized PKCS #11 interface.
875 By default the OpenSC library from www.opensc.org is used
876 but any other PKCS#11 library could be dynamically linked.
877 strongSwan's PKCS#11 API was implemented by David Buechi
878 and Michael Meier, both graduates of the Zurich University
879 of Applied Sciences in Winterthur, Switzerland.
881 - When a %trap eroute is triggered by an outgoing IP packet
882 then the native IPsec stack of the Linux 2.6 kernel [often/
883 always?] returns an XFRM_ACQUIRE message with an undefined
884 protocol family field and the connection setup fails.
885 As a workaround IPv4 (AF_INET) is now assumed.
887 - the results of the UML test scenarios are now enhanced
888 with block diagrams of the virtual network topology used
889 in a particular test.
895 - fixed IV used to decrypt informational messages.
896 This bug was introduced with Mode Config functionality.
898 - fixed NCP Vendor ID.
900 - undid one of Ulrich Weber's maximum udp size patches
901 because it caused a segmentation fault with NAT-ed
904 - added UML scenarios wildcards and attr-cert which
905 demonstrate the implementation of IPsec policies based
906 on wildcard parameters contained in Distinguished Names and
907 on X.509 attribute certificates, respectively.
913 - Added basic Mode Config functionality
915 - Added Mathieu Lafon's patch which upgrades the status of
916 the NAT-Traversal implementation to RFC 3947.
918 - The _startklips script now also loads the xfrm4_tunnel
921 - Added Ulrich Weber's netlink replay window size and
922 maximum udp size patches.
924 - UML testing now uses the Linux 2.6.10 UML kernel by default.
930 - Eric Marchionni and Patrik Rayo, both recent graduates from
931 the Zuercher Hochschule Winterthur in Switzerland, created a
932 User-Mode-Linux test setup for strongSwan. For more details
933 please read the INSTALL and README documents in the testing
936 - Full support of group attributes based on X.509 attribute
937 certificates. Attribute certificates can be generated
938 using the openac facility. For more details see
942 The group attributes can be used in connection definitions
943 in order to give IPsec access to specific user groups.
944 This is done with the new parameter left|rightgroups as in
946 rightgroups="Research, Sales"
948 giving access to users possessing the group attributes
949 Research or Sales, only.
951 - In Quick Mode clients with subnet mask /32 are now
952 coded as IP_V4_ADDRESS or IP_V6_ADDRESS. This should
953 fix rekeying problems with the SafeNet/SoftRemote and NCP
954 Secure Entry Clients.
956 - Changed the defaults of the ikelifetime and keylife parameters
957 to 3h and 1h, respectively. The maximum allowable values are
958 now both set to 24 h.
960 - Suppressed notification wars between two IPsec peers that
961 could e.g. be triggered by incorrect ISAKMP encryption.
963 - Public RSA keys can now have identical IDs if either the
964 issuing CA or the serial number is different. The serial
965 number of a certificate is now shown by the command
967 ipsec auto --listpubkeys
973 - Added Tuomo Soini's sourceip feature which allows a strongSwan
974 roadwarrior to use a fixed Virtual IP (see README section 2.6)
975 and reduces the well-known four tunnel case on VPN gateways to
976 a single tunnel definition (see README section 2.4).
978 - Fixed a bug occuring with NAT-Traversal enabled when the responder
979 suddenly turns initiator and the initiator cannot find a matching
980 connection because of the floated IKE port 4500.
982 - Removed misleading ipsec verify command from barf.
984 - Running under the native IP stack, ipsec --version now shows
985 the Linux kernel version (courtesy to the Openswan project).
991 - Introduced the ipsec auto --listalgs monitoring command which lists
992 all currently registered IKE and ESP algorithms.
994 - Fixed a bug in the ESP algorithm selection occuring when the strict flag
995 is set and the first proposed transform does not match.
997 - Fixed another deadlock in the use of the lock_certs_and_keys() mutex,
998 occuring when a smartcard is present.
1000 - Prevented that a superseded Phase1 state can trigger a DPD_TIMEOUT event.
1002 - Fixed the printing of the notification names (null)
1004 - Applied another of Herbert Xu's Netlink patches.
1010 - Support of Dead Peer Detection. The connection parameter
1012 dpdaction=clear|hold
1014 activates DPD for the given connection.
1016 - The default Opportunistic Encryption (OE) policy groups are not
1017 automatically included anymore. Those wishing to activate OE can include
1018 the policy group with the following statement in ipsec.conf:
1020 include /etc/ipsec.d/examples/oe.conf
1022 The default for [right|left]rsasigkey is now set to %cert.
1024 - strongSwan now has a Vendor ID of its own which can be activated
1025 using the compile option VENDORID
1027 - Applied Herbert Xu's patch which sets the compression algorithm correctly.
1029 - Applied Herbert Xu's patch fixing an ESPINUDP problem
1031 - Applied Herbert Xu's patch setting source/destination port numbers.
1033 - Reapplied one of Herbert Xu's NAT-Traversal patches which got
1034 lost during the migration from SuperFreeS/WAN.
1036 - Fixed a deadlock in the use of the lock_certs_and_keys() mutex.
1038 - Fixed the unsharing of alg parameters when instantiating group
1045 - Thomas Walpuski made me aware of a potential DoS attack via
1046 a PKCS#7-wrapped certificate bundle which could overwrite valid CA
1047 certificates in Pluto's authority certificate store. This vulnerability
1048 was fixed by establishing trust in CA candidate certificates up to a
1049 trusted root CA prior to insertion into Pluto's chained list.
1051 - replaced the --assign option by the -v option in the auto awk script
1052 in order to make it run with mawk under debian/woody.
1058 - Split of the status information between ipsec auto --status (concise)
1059 and ipsec auto --statusall (verbose). Both commands can be used with
1060 an optional connection selector:
1062 ipsec auto --status[all] <connection_name>
1064 - Added the description of X.509 related features to the ipsec_auto(8)
1067 - Hardened the ASN.1 parser in debug mode, especially the printing
1068 of malformed distinguished names.
1070 - The size of an RSA public key received in a certificate is now restricted to
1072 512 bits <= modulus length <= 8192 bits.
1074 - Fixed the debug mode enumeration.
1080 - Fixed another PKCS#7 vulnerability which could lead to an
1081 endless loop while following the X.509 trust chain.
1087 - Fixed the PKCS#7 vulnerability discovered by Thomas Walpuski
1088 that accepted end certificates having identical issuer and subject
1089 distinguished names in a multi-tier X.509 trust chain.
1095 - Removed all remaining references to ipsec_netlink.h in KLIPS.
1101 - The new "ca" section allows to define the following parameters:
1104 cacert=koolCA.pem # cacert of kool CA
1105 ocspuri=http://ocsp.kool.net:8001 # ocsp server
1106 ldapserver=ldap.kool.net # default ldap server
1107 crluri=http://www.kool.net/kool.crl # crl distribution point
1108 crluri2="ldap:///O=Kool, C= .." # crl distribution point #2
1109 auto=add # add, ignore
1111 The ca definitions can be monitored via the command
1113 ipsec auto --listcainfos
1115 - Fixed cosmetic corruption of /proc filesystem by integrating
1116 D. Hugh Redelmeier's freeswan-2.06 kernel fixes.
1122 - Added support for the 818043 NAT-Traversal update of Microsoft's
1123 Windows 2000/XP IPsec client which sends an ID_FQDN during Quick Mode.
1125 - A symbolic link to libcrypto is now added in the kernel sources
1126 during kernel compilation
1128 - Fixed a couple of 64 bit issues (mostly casts to int).
1129 Thanks to Ken Bantoft who checked my sources on a 64 bit platform.
1131 - Replaced s[n]printf() statements in the kernel by ipsec_snprintf().
1132 Credits go to D. Hugh Redelmeier, Michael Richardson, and Sam Sgro
1133 of the FreeS/WAN team who solved this problem with the 2.4.25 kernel.
1139 - an empty ASN.1 SEQUENCE OF or SET OF object (e.g. a subjectAltName
1140 certificate extension which contains no generalName item) can cause
1141 a pluto crash. This bug has been fixed. Additionally the ASN.1 parser has
1142 been hardened to make it more robust against malformed ASN.1 objects.
1144 - applied Herbert Xu's NAT-T patches which fixes NAT-T under the native
1145 Linux 2.6 IPsec stack.
1151 - based on freeswan-2.04, x509-1.5.3, nat-0.6c, alg-0.8.1rc12