9 - IKE rekeying in NAT situations did not inherit the NAT conditions
10 to the rekeyed IKE_SA so that the UDP encapsulation was lost with
11 the next CHILD_SA rekeying.
13 - Wrong type definition of the next_payload variable in id_payload.c
14 caused an INVALID_SYNTAX error on PowerPC platforms.
16 - Implemented IKEv2 EAP-SIM server and client test modules that use
17 triplets stored in a file. For details on the configuration see
18 the scenario 'ikev2/rw-eap-sim-rsa'.
24 - Fixed error in the ordering of the certinfo_t records in the ocsp cache that
25 caused multiple entries of the same serial number to be created.
27 - Implementation of a simple EAP-MD5 module which provides CHAP
28 authentication. This may be interesting in conjunction with certificate
29 based server authentication, as weak passwords can't be brute forced
30 (in contradiction to traditional IKEv2 PSK).
32 - A complete software based implementation of EAP-AKA, using algorithms
33 specified in 3GPP2 (S.S0055). This implementation does not use an USIM,
34 but reads the secrets from ipsec.secrets. Make sure to read eap_aka.h
37 - Support for vendor specific EAP methods using Expanded EAP types. The
38 interface to EAP modules has been slightly changed, so make sure to
39 check the changes if you're already rolling your own modules.
45 - The default _updown script now dynamically inserts and removes ip6tables
46 firewall rules if leftfirewall=yes is set in IPv6 connections. New IPv6
47 net-net and roadwarrior (PSK/RSA) scenarios for both IKEv1 and IKEV2 were
50 - Implemented RFC4478 repeated authentication to force EAP/Virtual-IP clients
51 to reestablish an IKE_SA within a given timeframe.
53 - strongSwan Manager supports configuration listing, initiation and termination
56 - Fixes and improvements to multithreading code.
58 - IKEv2 plugins have been renamed to libcharon-* to avoid naming conflicts.
59 Make sure to remove the old plugins in $libexecdir/ipsec, otherwise they get
66 - Removed recursive pthread mutexes since uClibc doesn't support them.
72 - In NAT traversal situations and multiple queued Quick Modes,
73 those pending connections inserted by auto=start after the
74 port floating from 500 to 4500 were erronously deleted.
76 - Added a "forceencaps" connection parameter to enforce UDP encapsulation
77 to surmount restrictive firewalls. NAT detection payloads are faked to
78 simulate a NAT situation and trick the other peer into NAT mode (IKEv2 only).
80 - Preview of strongSwan Manager, a web based configuration and monitoring
81 application. It uses a new XML control interface to query the IKEv2 daemon
82 (see http://trac.strongswan.org/wiki/Manager).
84 - Experimental SQLite configuration backend which will provide the configuration
85 interface for strongSwan Manager in future releases.
87 - Further improvements to MOBIKE support.
93 - Since some third party IKEv2 implementations run into
94 problems with strongSwan announcing MOBIKE capability per
95 default, MOBIKE can be disabled on a per-connection-basis
96 using the mobike=no option. Whereas mobike=no disables the
97 sending of the MOBIKE_SUPPORTED notification and the floating
98 to UDP port 4500 with the IKE_AUTH request even if no NAT
99 situation has been detected, strongSwan will still support
100 MOBIKE acting as a responder.
102 - the default ipsec routing table plus its corresponding priority
103 used for inserting source routes has been changed from 100 to 220.
104 It can be configured using the --with-ipsec-routing-table and
105 --with-ipsec-routing-table-prio options.
107 - the --enable-integrity-test configure option tests the
108 integrity of the libstrongswan crypto code during the charon
111 - the --disable-xauth-vid configure option disables the sending
112 of the XAUTH vendor ID. This can be used as a workaround when
113 interoperating with some Windows VPN clients that get into
114 trouble upon reception of an XAUTH VID without eXtended
115 AUTHentication having been configured.
117 - ipsec stroke now supports the rereadsecrets, rereadaacerts,
118 rereadacerts, and listacerts options.
124 - If a DNS lookup failure occurs when resolving right=%<FQDN>
125 or right=<FQDN> combined with rightallowany=yes then the
126 connection is not updated by ipsec starter thus preventing
127 the disruption of an active IPsec connection. Only if the DNS
128 lookup successfully returns with a changed IP address the
129 corresponding connection definition is updated.
131 - Routes installed by the keying daemons are now in a separate
132 routing table with the ID 100 to avoid conflicts with the main
133 table. Route lookup for IKEv2 traffic is done in userspace to ignore
134 routes installed for IPsec, as IKE traffic shouldn't get encapsulated.
140 - The pluto IKEv1 daemon now exhibits the same behaviour as its
141 IKEv2 companion charon by inserting an explicit route via the
142 _updown script only if a sourceip exists. This is admissible
143 since routing through the IPsec tunnel is handled automatically
144 by NETKEY's IPsec policies. As a consequence the left|rightnexthop
145 parameter is not required any more.
147 - The new IKEv1 parameter right|leftallowany parameters helps to handle
148 the case where both peers possess dynamic IP addresses that are
149 usually resolved using DynDNS or a similar service. The configuration
154 can be used by the initiator to start up a connection to a peer
155 by resolving peer.foo.bar into the currently allocated IP address.
156 Thanks to the rightallowany flag the connection behaves later on
161 so that the peer can rekey the connection as an initiator when his
162 IP address changes. An alternative notation is
166 which will implicitly set rightallowany=yes.
168 - ipsec starter now fails more gracefully in the presence of parsing
169 errors. Flawed ca and conn section are discarded and pluto is started
170 if non-fatal errors only were encountered. If right=%peer.foo.bar
171 cannot be resolved by DNS then right=%any will be used so that passive
172 connections as a responder are still possible.
174 - The new pkcs11initargs parameter that can be placed in the
175 setup config section of /etc/ipsec.conf allows the definition
176 of an argument string that is used with the PKCS#11 C_Initialize()
177 function. This non-standard feature is required by the NSS softoken
178 library. This patch was contributed by Robert Varga.
180 - Fixed a bug in ipsec starter introduced by strongswan-2.8.5
181 which caused a segmentation fault in the presence of unknown
182 or misspelt keywords in ipsec.conf. This bug fix was contributed
185 - Partial support for MOBIKE in IKEv2. The initiator acts on interface/
186 address configuration changes and updates IKE and IPsec SAs dynamically.
192 - IKEv2 peer configuration selection now can be based on a given
193 certification authority using the rightca= statement.
195 - IKEv2 authentication based on RSA signatures now can handle multiple
196 certificates issued for a given peer ID. This allows a smooth transition
197 in the case of a peer certificate renewal.
199 - IKEv2: Support for requesting a specific virtual IP using leftsourceip on the
200 client and returning requested virtual IPs using rightsourceip=%config
201 on the server. If the server does not support configuration payloads, the
202 client enforces its leftsourceip parameter.
204 - The ./configure options --with-uid/--with-gid allow pluto and charon
205 to drop their privileges to a minimum and change to an other UID/GID. This
206 improves the systems security, as a possible intruder may only get the
207 CAP_NET_ADMIN capability.
209 - Further modularization of charon: Pluggable control interface and
210 configuration backend modules provide extensibility. The control interface
211 for stroke is included, and further interfaces using DBUS (NetworkManager)
212 or XML are on the way. A backend for storing configurations in the daemon
213 is provided and more advanced backends (using e.g. a database) are trivial
216 - Fixed a compilation failure in libfreeswan occuring with Linux kernel
223 - Support for an additional Diffie-Hellman exchange when creating/rekeying
224 a CHILD_SA in IKEv2 (PFS). PFS is enabled when the proposal contains a
225 DH group (e.g. "esp=aes128-sha1-modp1536"). Further, DH group negotiation
226 is implemented properly for rekeying.
228 - Support for the AES-XCBC-96 MAC algorithm for IPsec SAs when using IKEv2
229 (requires linux >= 2.6.20). It is enabled using e.g. "esp=aes256-aesxcbc".
231 - Working IPv4-in-IPv6 and IPv6-in-IPv4 tunnels for linux >= 2.6.21.
233 - Added support for EAP modules which do not establish an MSK.
235 - Removed the dependencies from the /usr/include/linux/ headers by
236 including xfrm.h, ipsec.h, and pfkeyv2.h in the distribution.
238 - crlNumber is now listed by ipsec listcrls
240 - The xauth_modules.verify_secret() function now passes the
247 - Server side cookie support. If to may IKE_SAs are in CONNECTING state,
248 cookies are enabled and protect against DoS attacks with faked source
249 addresses. Number of IKE_SAs in CONNECTING state is also limited per
250 peer address to avoid resource exhaustion. IKE_SA_INIT messages are
251 compared to properly detect retransmissions and incoming retransmits are
252 detected even if the IKE_SA is blocked (e.g. doing OCSP fetches).
254 - The IKEv2 daemon charon now supports dynamic http- and ldap-based CRL
255 fetching enabled by crlcheckinterval > 0 and caching fetched CRLs
256 enabled by cachecrls=yes.
258 - Added the configuration options --enable-nat-transport which enables
259 the potentially insecure NAT traversal for IPsec transport mode and
260 --disable-vendor-id which disables the sending of the strongSwan
263 - Fixed a long-standing bug in the pluto IKEv1 daemon which caused
264 a segmentation fault if a malformed payload was detected in the
265 IKE MR2 message and pluto tried to send an encrypted notification
268 - Added the NATT_IETF_02_N Vendor ID in order to support IKEv1 connections
269 with Windows 2003 Server which uses a wrong VID hash.
275 - Support of SHA2_384 hash function for protecting IKEv1
276 negotiations and support of SHA2 signatures in X.509 certificates.
278 - Fixed a serious bug in the computation of the SHA2-512 HMAC
279 function. Introduced automatic self-test of all IKEv1 hash
280 and hmac functions during pluto startup. Failure of a self-test
281 currently issues a warning only but does not exit pluto [yet].
283 - Support for SHA2-256/384/512 PRF and HMAC functions in IKEv2.
285 - Full support of CA information sections. ipsec listcainfos
286 now shows all collected crlDistributionPoints and OCSP
289 - Support of the Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) for IKEv2.
290 This feature requires the HTTP fetching capabilities of the libcurl
291 library which must be enabled by setting the --enable-http configure
294 - Refactored core of the IKEv2 message processing code, allowing better
295 code reuse and separation.
297 - Virtual IP support in IKEv2 using INTERNAL_IP4/6_ADDRESS configuration
298 payload. Additionally, the INTERNAL_IP4/6_DNS attribute is interpreted
299 by the requestor and installed in a resolv.conf file.
301 - The IKEv2 daemon charon installs a route for each IPsec policy to use
302 the correct source address even if an application does not explicitly
305 - Integrated the EAP framework into charon which loads pluggable EAP library
306 modules. The ipsec.conf parameter authby=eap initiates EAP authentication
307 on the client side, while the "eap" parameter on the server side defines
308 the EAP method to use for client authentication.
309 A generic client side EAP-Identity module and an EAP-SIM authentication
310 module using a third party card reader implementation are included.
312 - Added client side support for cookies.
314 - Integrated the fixes done at the IKEv2 interoperability bakeoff, including
315 strict payload order, correct INVALID_KE_PAYLOAD rejection and other minor
316 fixes to enhance interoperability with other implementations.
322 - strongSwan now interoperates with the NCP Secure Entry Client,
323 the Shrew Soft VPN Client, and the Cisco VPN client, doing both
324 XAUTH and Mode Config.
326 - UNITY attributes are now recognized and UNITY_BANNER is set
333 - IKEv1: Support for extended authentication (XAUTH) in combination
334 with ISAKMP Main Mode RSA or PSK authentication. Both client and
335 server side were implemented. Handling of user credentials can
336 be done by a run-time loadable XAUTH module. By default user
337 credentials are stored in ipsec.secrets.
339 - IKEv2: Support for reauthentication when rekeying
341 - IKEv2: Support for transport mode
343 - fixed a lot of bugs related to byte order
345 - various other bugfixes
351 - IKEv1: Implementation of ModeConfig push mode via the new connection
352 keyword modeconfig=push allows interoperability with Cisco VPN gateways.
354 - IKEv1: The command ipsec statusall now shows "DPD active" for all
355 ISAKMP SAs that are under active Dead Peer Detection control.
357 - IKEv2: Charon's logging and debugging framework has been completely rewritten.
358 Instead of logger, special printf() functions are used to directly
359 print objects like hosts (%H) identifications (%D), certificates (%Q),
360 etc. The number of debugging levels have been reduced to:
362 0 (audit), 1 (control), 2 (controlmore), 3 (raw), 4 (private)
364 The debugging levels can either be specified statically in ipsec.conf as
367 charondebug="lib 1, cfg 3, net 2"
369 or changed at runtime via stroke as
371 ipsec stroke loglevel cfg 2
377 - Implemented full support for IPv6-in-IPv6 tunnels.
379 - Added configuration options for dead peer detection in IKEv2. dpd_action
380 types "clear", "hold" and "restart" are supported. The dpd_timeout
381 value is not used, as the normal retransmission policy applies to
382 detect dead peers. The dpd_delay parameter enables sending of empty
383 informational message to detect dead peers in case of inactivity.
385 - Added support for preshared keys in IKEv2. PSK keys configured in
386 ipsec.secrets are loaded. The authby parameter specifies the authentication
387 method to authentificate ourself, the other peer may use PSK or RSA.
389 - Changed retransmission policy to respect the keyingtries parameter.
391 - Added private key decryption. PEM keys encrypted with AES-128/192/256
392 or 3DES are supported.
394 - Implemented DES/3DES algorithms in libstrongswan. 3DES can be used to
397 - Implemented SHA-256/384/512 in libstrongswan, allows usage of certificates
398 signed with such a hash algorithm.
400 - Added initial support for updown scripts. The actions up-host/client and
401 down-host/client are executed. The leftfirewall=yes parameter
402 uses the default updown script to insert dynamic firewall rules, a custom
403 updown script may be specified with the leftupdown parameter.
409 - Added support for the auto=route ipsec.conf parameter and the
410 ipsec route/unroute commands for IKEv2. This allows to set up IKE_SAs and
411 CHILD_SAs dynamically on demand when traffic is detected by the
414 - Added support for rekeying IKE_SAs in IKEv2 using the ikelifetime parameter.
415 As specified in IKEv2, no reauthentication is done (unlike in IKEv1), only
416 new keys are generated using perfect forward secrecy. An optional flag
417 which enforces reauthentication will be implemented later.
419 - "sha" and "sha1" are now treated as synonyms in the ike= and esp=
420 algorithm configuration statements.
426 - Full X.509 certificate trust chain verification has been implemented.
427 End entity certificates can be exchanged via CERT payloads. The current
428 default is leftsendcert=always, since CERTREQ payloads are not supported
429 yet. Optional CRLs must be imported locally into /etc/ipsec.d/crls.
431 - Added support for leftprotoport/rightprotoport parameters in IKEv2. IKEv2
432 would offer more possibilities for traffic selection, but the Linux kernel
433 currently does not support it. That's why we stick with these simple
434 ipsec.conf rules for now.
436 - Added Dead Peer Detection (DPD) which checks liveliness of remote peer if no
437 IKE or ESP traffic is received. DPD is currently hardcoded (dpdaction=clear,
440 - Initial NAT traversal support in IKEv2. Charon includes NAT detection
441 notify payloads to detect NAT routers between the peers. It switches
442 to port 4500, uses UDP encapsulated ESP packets, handles peer address
443 changes gracefully and sends keep alive message periodically.
445 - Reimplemented IKE_SA state machine for charon, which allows simultaneous
446 rekeying, more shared code, cleaner design, proper retransmission
447 and a more extensible code base.
449 - The mixed PSK/RSA roadwarrior detection capability introduced by the
450 strongswan-2.7.0 release necessitated the pre-parsing of the IKE proposal
451 payloads by the responder right before any defined IKE Main Mode state had
452 been established. Although any form of bad proposal syntax was being correctly
453 detected by the payload parser, the subsequent error handler didn't check
454 the state pointer before logging current state information, causing an
455 immediate crash of the pluto keying daemon due to a NULL pointer.
461 - Added algorithm selection to charon: New default algorithms for
462 ike=aes128-sha-modp2048, as both daemons support it. The default
463 for IPsec SAs is now esp=aes128-sha,3des-md5. charon handles
464 the ike/esp parameter the same way as pluto. As this syntax does
465 not allow specification of a pseudo random function, the same
466 algorithm as for integrity is used (currently sha/md5). Supported
468 Encryption: aes128, aes192, aes256
469 Integrity/PRF: md5, sha (using hmac)
470 DH-Groups: modp768, 1024, 1536, 2048, 4096, 8192
472 Encryption: aes128, aes192, aes256, 3des, blowfish128,
473 blowfish192, blowfish256
475 More IKE encryption algorithms will come after porting libcrypto into
478 - initial support for rekeying CHILD_SAs using IKEv2. Currently no
479 perfect forward secrecy is used. The rekeying parameters rekey,
480 rekeymargin, rekeyfuzz and keylife from ipsec.conf are now supported
481 when using IKEv2. WARNING: charon currently is unable to handle
482 simultaneous rekeying. To avoid such a situation, use a large
483 rekeyfuzz, or even better, set rekey=no on one peer.
485 - support for host2host, net2net, host2net (roadwarrior) tunnels
486 using predefined RSA certificates (see uml scenarios for
487 configuration examples).
489 - new build environment featuring autotools. Features such
490 as HTTP, LDAP and smartcard support may be enabled using
491 the ./configure script. Changing install directories
492 is possible, too. See ./configure --help for more details.
494 - better integration of charon with ipsec starter, which allows
495 (almost) transparent operation with both daemons. charon
496 handles ipsec commands up, down, status, statusall, listall,
497 listcerts and allows proper load, reload and delete of connections
504 - initial support of the IKEv2 protocol. Connections in
505 ipsec.conf designated by keyexchange=ikev2 are negotiated
506 by the new IKEv2 charon keying daemon whereas those marked
507 by keyexchange=ikev1 or the default keyexchange=ike are
508 handled thy the IKEv1 pluto keying daemon. Currently only
509 a limited subset of functions are available with IKEv2
510 (Default AES encryption, authentication based on locally
511 imported X.509 certificates, unencrypted private RSA keys
512 in PKCS#1 file format, limited functionality of the ipsec
519 - the dynamic iptables rules from the _updown_x509 template
520 for KLIPS and the _updown_policy template for NETKEY have
521 been merged into the default _updown script. The existing
522 left|rightfirewall keyword causes the automatic insertion
523 and deletion of ACCEPT rules for tunneled traffic upon
524 the successful setup and teardown of an IPsec SA, respectively.
525 left|rightfirwall can be used with KLIPS under any Linux 2.4
526 kernel or with NETKEY under a Linux kernel version >= 2.6.16
527 in conjuction with iptables >= 1.3.5. For NETKEY under a Linux
528 kernel version < 2.6.16 which does not support IPsec policy
529 matching yet, please continue to use a copy of the _updown_espmark
530 template loaded via the left|rightupdown keyword.
532 - a new left|righthostaccess keyword has been introduced which
533 can be used in conjunction with left|rightfirewall and the
534 default _updown script. By default leftfirewall=yes inserts
535 a bi-directional iptables FORWARD rule for a local client network
536 with a netmask different from 255.255.255.255 (single host).
537 This does not allow to access the VPN gateway host via its
538 internal network interface which is part of the client subnet
539 because an iptables INPUT and OUTPUT rule would be required.
540 lefthostaccess=yes will cause this additional ACCEPT rules to
543 - mixed PSK|RSA roadwarriors are now supported. The ISAKMP proposal
544 payload is preparsed in order to find out whether the roadwarrior
545 requests PSK or RSA so that a matching connection candidate can
552 - the new _updown_policy template allows ipsec policy based
553 iptables firewall rules. Required are iptables version
554 >= 1.3.5 and linux kernel >= 2.6.16. This script obsoletes
555 the _updown_espmark template, so that no INPUT mangle rules
556 are required any more.
558 - added support of DPD restart mode
560 - ipsec starter now allows the use of wildcards in include
561 statements as e.g. in "include /etc/my_ipsec/*.conf".
562 Patch courtesy of Matthias Haas.
564 - the Netscape OID 'employeeNumber' is now recognized and can be
565 used as a Relative Distinguished Name in certificates.
571 - /etc/init.d/ipsec or /etc/rc.d/ipsec is now a copy of the ipsec
572 command and not of ipsec setup any more.
574 - ipsec starter now supports AH authentication in conjunction with
575 ESP encryption. AH authentication is configured in ipsec.conf
576 via the auth=ah parameter.
578 - The command ipsec scencrypt|scdecrypt <args> is now an alias for
579 ipsec whack --scencrypt|scdecrypt <args>.
581 - get_sa_info() now determines for the native netkey IPsec stack
582 the exact time of the last use of an active eroute. This information
583 is used by the Dead Peer Detection algorithm and is also displayed by
584 the ipsec status command.
590 - running under the native Linux 2.6 IPsec stack, the function
591 get_sa_info() is called by ipsec auto --status to display the current
592 number of transmitted bytes per IPsec SA.
594 - get_sa_info() is also used by the Dead Peer Detection process to detect
595 recent ESP activity. If ESP traffic was received from the peer within
596 the last dpd_delay interval then no R_Y_THERE notification must be sent.
598 - strongSwan now supports the Relative Distinguished Name "unstructuredName"
599 in ID_DER_ASN1_DN identities. The following notations are possible:
601 rightid="unstructuredName=John Doe"
602 rightid="UN=John Doe"
604 - fixed a long-standing bug which caused PSK-based roadwarrior connections
605 to segfault in the function id.c:same_id() called by keys.c:get_secret()
606 if an FQDN, USER_FQDN, or Key ID was defined, as in the following example.
613 - the ipsec command now supports most ipsec auto commands (e.g. ipsec listall).
615 - ipsec starter didn't set host_addr and client.addr ports in whack msg.
617 - in order to guarantee backwards-compatibility with the script-based
618 auto function (e.g. auto --replace), the ipsec starter scripts stores
619 the defaultroute information in the temporary file /var/run/ipsec.info.
621 - The compile-time option USE_XAUTH_VID enables the sending of the XAUTH
622 Vendor ID which is expected by Cisco PIX 7 boxes that act as IKE Mode Config
625 - the ipsec starter now also recognizes the parameters authby=never and
626 type=passthrough|pass|drop|reject.
632 - ipsec starter now supports the also parameter which allows
633 a modular structure of the connection definitions. Thus
634 "ipsec start" is now ready to replace "ipsec setup".
640 - Mathieu Lafon's popular ipsec starter tool has been added to the
641 strongSwan distribution. Many thanks go to Stephan Scholz from astaro
642 for his integration work. ipsec starter is a C program which is going
643 to replace the various shell and awk starter scripts (setup, _plutoload,
644 _plutostart, _realsetup, _startklips, _confread, and auto). Since
645 ipsec.conf is now parsed only once, the starting of multiple tunnels is
646 accelerated tremedously.
648 - Added support of %defaultroute to the ipsec starter. If the IP address
649 changes, a HUP signal to the ipsec starter will automatically
650 reload pluto's connections.
652 - moved most compile time configurations from pluto/Makefile to
653 Makefile.inc by defining the options USE_LIBCURL, USE_LDAP,
654 USE_SMARTCARD, and USE_NAT_TRAVERSAL_TRANSPORT_MODE.
656 - removed the ipsec verify and ipsec newhostkey commands
658 - fixed some 64-bit issues in formatted print statements
660 - The scepclient functionality implementing the Simple Certificate
661 Enrollment Protocol (SCEP) is nearly complete but hasn't been
668 - CA certicates are now automatically loaded from a smartcard
669 or USB crypto token and appear in the ipsec auto --listcacerts
676 - when using "ipsec whack --scencrypt <data>" with a PKCS#11
677 library that does not support the C_Encrypt() Cryptoki
678 function (e.g. OpenSC), the RSA encryption is done in
679 software using the public key fetched from the smartcard.
681 - The scepclient function now allows to define the
682 validity of a self-signed certificate using the --days,
683 --startdate, and --enddate options. The default validity
684 has been changed from one year to five years.
690 - the config setup parameter pkcs11proxy=yes opens pluto's PKCS#11
691 interface to other applications for RSA encryption and decryption
692 via the whack interface. Notation:
694 ipsec whack --scencrypt <data>
695 [--inbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
696 [--outbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
699 ipsec whack --scdecrypt <data>
700 [--inbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
701 [--outbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
704 The default setting for inbase and outbase is hex.
706 The new proxy interface can be used for securing symmetric
707 encryption keys required by the cryptoloop or dm-crypt
708 disk encryption schemes, especially in the case when
709 pkcs11keepstate=yes causes pluto to lock the pkcs11 slot
712 - if the file /etc/ipsec.secrets is lacking during the startup of
713 pluto then the root-readable file /etc/ipsec.d/private/myKey.der
714 containing a 2048 bit RSA private key and a matching self-signed
715 certificate stored in the file /etc/ipsec.d/certs/selfCert.der
716 is automatically generated by calling the function
718 ipsec scepclient --out pkcs1 --out cert-self
720 scepclient was written by Jan Hutter and Martin Willi, students
721 at the University of Applied Sciences in Rapperswil, Switzerland.
727 - the current extension of the PKCS#7 framework introduced
728 a parsing error in PKCS#7 wrapped X.509 certificates that are
729 e.g. transmitted by Windows XP when multi-level CAs are used.
730 the parsing syntax has been fixed.
732 - added a patch by Gerald Richter which tolerates multiple occurrences
733 of the ipsec0 interface when using KLIPS.
739 - with gawk-3.1.4 the word "default2 has become a protected
740 keyword for use in switch statements and cannot be used any
741 more in the strongSwan scripts. This problem has been
742 solved by renaming "default" to "defaults" and "setdefault"
743 in the scripts _confread and auto, respectively.
745 - introduced the parameter leftsendcert with the values
747 always|yes (the default, always send a cert)
748 ifasked (send the cert only upon a cert request)
749 never|no (never send a cert, used for raw RSA keys and
752 - fixed the initialization of the ESP key length to a default of
753 128 bits in the case that the peer does not send a key length
754 attribute for AES encryption.
756 - applied Herbert Xu's uniqueIDs patch
758 - applied Herbert Xu's CLOEXEC patches
764 - CRLs can now be cached also in the case when the issuer's
765 certificate does not contain a subjectKeyIdentifier field.
766 In that case the subjectKeyIdentifier is computed by pluto as the
767 160 bit SHA-1 hash of the issuer's public key in compliance
768 with section 4.2.1.2 of RFC 3280.
770 - Fixed a bug introduced by strongswan-2.5.1 which eliminated
771 not only multiple Quick Modes of a given connection but also
772 multiple connections between two security gateways.
778 - Under the native IPsec of the Linux 2.6 kernel, a %trap eroute
779 installed either by setting auto=route in ipsec.conf or by
780 a connection put into hold, generates an XFRM_AQUIRE event
781 for each packet that wants to use the not-yet exisiting
782 tunnel. Up to now each XFRM_AQUIRE event led to an entry in
783 the Quick Mode queue, causing multiple IPsec SA to be
784 established in rapid succession. Starting with strongswan-2.5.1
785 only a single IPsec SA is established per host-pair connection.
787 - Right after loading the PKCS#11 module, all smartcard slots are
788 searched for certificates. The result can be viewed using
791 ipsec auto --listcards
793 The certificate objects found in the slots are numbered
794 starting with #1, #2, etc. This position number can be used to address
795 certificates (leftcert=%smartcard) and keys (: PIN %smartcard)
796 in ipsec.conf and ipsec.secrets, respectively:
798 %smartcard (selects object #1)
799 %smartcard#1 (selects object #1)
800 %smartcard#3 (selects object #3)
802 As an alternative the existing retrieval scheme can be used:
804 %smartcard:45 (selects object with id=45)
805 %smartcard0 (selects first object in slot 0)
806 %smartcard4:45 (selects object in slot 4 with id=45)
808 - Depending on the settings of CKA_SIGN and CKA_DECRYPT
809 private key flags either C_Sign() or C_Decrypt() is used
810 to generate a signature.
812 - The output buffer length parameter siglen in C_Sign()
813 is now initialized to the actual size of the output
814 buffer prior to the function call. This fixes the
815 CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL error that could occur when using
816 the OpenSC PKCS#11 module.
818 - Changed the initialization of the PKCS#11 CK_MECHANISM in
819 C_SignInit() to mech = { CKM_RSA_PKCS, NULL_PTR, 0 }.
821 - Refactored the RSA public/private key code and transferred it
822 from keys.c to the new pkcs1.c file as a preparatory step
823 towards the release of the SCEP client.
829 - The loading of a PKCS#11 smartcard library module during
830 runtime does not require OpenSC library functions any more
831 because the corresponding code has been integrated into
832 smartcard.c. Also the RSAREF pkcs11 header files have been
833 included in a newly created pluto/rsaref directory so that
834 no external include path has to be defined any longer.
836 - A long-awaited feature has been implemented at last:
837 The local caching of CRLs fetched via HTTP or LDAP, activated
838 by the parameter cachecrls=yes in the config setup section
839 of ipsec.conf. The dynamically fetched CRLs are stored under
840 a unique file name containing the issuer's subjectKeyID
841 in /etc/ipsec.d/crls.
843 - Applied a one-line patch courtesy of Michael Richardson
844 from the Openswan project which fixes the kernel-oops
845 in KLIPS when an snmp daemon is running on the same box.
851 - Eliminated null length CRL distribution point strings.
853 - Fixed a trust path evaluation bug introduced with 2.4.3
859 - Improved the joint OCSP / CRL revocation policy.
860 OCSP responses have precedence over CRL entries.
862 - Introduced support of CRLv2 reason codes.
864 - Fixed a bug with key-pad equipped readers which caused
865 pluto to prompt for the pin via the console when the first
866 occasion to enter the pin via the key-pad was missed.
868 - When pluto is built with LDAP_V3 enabled, the library
869 liblber required by newer versions of openldap is now
876 - Added the _updown_espmark template which requires all
877 incoming ESP traffic to be marked with a default mark
880 - Introduced the pkcs11keepstate parameter in the config setup
881 section of ipsec.conf. With pkcs11keepstate=yes the PKCS#11
882 session and login states are kept as long as possible during
883 the lifetime of pluto. This means that a PIN entry via a key
884 pad has to be done only once.
886 - Introduced the pkcs11module parameter in the config setup
887 section of ipsec.conf which specifies the PKCS#11 module
888 to be used with smart cards. Example:
890 pkcs11module=/usr/lib/pkcs11/opensc-pkcs11.lo
892 - Added support of smartcard readers equipped with a PIN pad.
894 - Added patch by Jay Pfeifer which detects when netkey
895 modules have been statically built into the Linux 2.6 kernel.
897 - Added two patches by Herbert Xu. The first uses ip xfrm
898 instead of setkey to flush the IPsec policy database. The
899 second sets the optional flag in inbound IPComp SAs only.
901 - Applied Ulrich Weber's patch which fixes an interoperability
902 problem between native IPsec and KLIPS systems caused by
903 setting the replay window to 32 instead of 0 for ipcomp.
909 - Fixed a bug which caused an unwanted Mode Config request
910 to be initiated in the case where "right" was used to denote
911 the local side in ipsec.conf and "left" the remote side,
912 contrary to the recommendation that "right" be remote and
919 - updated Vendor ID to strongSwan-2.4.0
921 - updated copyright statement to include David Buechi and
928 - strongSwan now communicates with attached smartcards and
929 USB crypto tokens via the standardized PKCS #11 interface.
930 By default the OpenSC library from www.opensc.org is used
931 but any other PKCS#11 library could be dynamically linked.
932 strongSwan's PKCS#11 API was implemented by David Buechi
933 and Michael Meier, both graduates of the Zurich University
934 of Applied Sciences in Winterthur, Switzerland.
936 - When a %trap eroute is triggered by an outgoing IP packet
937 then the native IPsec stack of the Linux 2.6 kernel [often/
938 always?] returns an XFRM_ACQUIRE message with an undefined
939 protocol family field and the connection setup fails.
940 As a workaround IPv4 (AF_INET) is now assumed.
942 - the results of the UML test scenarios are now enhanced
943 with block diagrams of the virtual network topology used
944 in a particular test.
950 - fixed IV used to decrypt informational messages.
951 This bug was introduced with Mode Config functionality.
953 - fixed NCP Vendor ID.
955 - undid one of Ulrich Weber's maximum udp size patches
956 because it caused a segmentation fault with NAT-ed
959 - added UML scenarios wildcards and attr-cert which
960 demonstrate the implementation of IPsec policies based
961 on wildcard parameters contained in Distinguished Names and
962 on X.509 attribute certificates, respectively.
968 - Added basic Mode Config functionality
970 - Added Mathieu Lafon's patch which upgrades the status of
971 the NAT-Traversal implementation to RFC 3947.
973 - The _startklips script now also loads the xfrm4_tunnel
976 - Added Ulrich Weber's netlink replay window size and
977 maximum udp size patches.
979 - UML testing now uses the Linux 2.6.10 UML kernel by default.
985 - Eric Marchionni and Patrik Rayo, both recent graduates from
986 the Zuercher Hochschule Winterthur in Switzerland, created a
987 User-Mode-Linux test setup for strongSwan. For more details
988 please read the INSTALL and README documents in the testing
991 - Full support of group attributes based on X.509 attribute
992 certificates. Attribute certificates can be generated
993 using the openac facility. For more details see
997 The group attributes can be used in connection definitions
998 in order to give IPsec access to specific user groups.
999 This is done with the new parameter left|rightgroups as in
1001 rightgroups="Research, Sales"
1003 giving access to users possessing the group attributes
1004 Research or Sales, only.
1006 - In Quick Mode clients with subnet mask /32 are now
1007 coded as IP_V4_ADDRESS or IP_V6_ADDRESS. This should
1008 fix rekeying problems with the SafeNet/SoftRemote and NCP
1009 Secure Entry Clients.
1011 - Changed the defaults of the ikelifetime and keylife parameters
1012 to 3h and 1h, respectively. The maximum allowable values are
1013 now both set to 24 h.
1015 - Suppressed notification wars between two IPsec peers that
1016 could e.g. be triggered by incorrect ISAKMP encryption.
1018 - Public RSA keys can now have identical IDs if either the
1019 issuing CA or the serial number is different. The serial
1020 number of a certificate is now shown by the command
1022 ipsec auto --listpubkeys
1028 - Added Tuomo Soini's sourceip feature which allows a strongSwan
1029 roadwarrior to use a fixed Virtual IP (see README section 2.6)
1030 and reduces the well-known four tunnel case on VPN gateways to
1031 a single tunnel definition (see README section 2.4).
1033 - Fixed a bug occuring with NAT-Traversal enabled when the responder
1034 suddenly turns initiator and the initiator cannot find a matching
1035 connection because of the floated IKE port 4500.
1037 - Removed misleading ipsec verify command from barf.
1039 - Running under the native IP stack, ipsec --version now shows
1040 the Linux kernel version (courtesy to the Openswan project).
1046 - Introduced the ipsec auto --listalgs monitoring command which lists
1047 all currently registered IKE and ESP algorithms.
1049 - Fixed a bug in the ESP algorithm selection occuring when the strict flag
1050 is set and the first proposed transform does not match.
1052 - Fixed another deadlock in the use of the lock_certs_and_keys() mutex,
1053 occuring when a smartcard is present.
1055 - Prevented that a superseded Phase1 state can trigger a DPD_TIMEOUT event.
1057 - Fixed the printing of the notification names (null)
1059 - Applied another of Herbert Xu's Netlink patches.
1065 - Support of Dead Peer Detection. The connection parameter
1067 dpdaction=clear|hold
1069 activates DPD for the given connection.
1071 - The default Opportunistic Encryption (OE) policy groups are not
1072 automatically included anymore. Those wishing to activate OE can include
1073 the policy group with the following statement in ipsec.conf:
1075 include /etc/ipsec.d/examples/oe.conf
1077 The default for [right|left]rsasigkey is now set to %cert.
1079 - strongSwan now has a Vendor ID of its own which can be activated
1080 using the compile option VENDORID
1082 - Applied Herbert Xu's patch which sets the compression algorithm correctly.
1084 - Applied Herbert Xu's patch fixing an ESPINUDP problem
1086 - Applied Herbert Xu's patch setting source/destination port numbers.
1088 - Reapplied one of Herbert Xu's NAT-Traversal patches which got
1089 lost during the migration from SuperFreeS/WAN.
1091 - Fixed a deadlock in the use of the lock_certs_and_keys() mutex.
1093 - Fixed the unsharing of alg parameters when instantiating group
1100 - Thomas Walpuski made me aware of a potential DoS attack via
1101 a PKCS#7-wrapped certificate bundle which could overwrite valid CA
1102 certificates in Pluto's authority certificate store. This vulnerability
1103 was fixed by establishing trust in CA candidate certificates up to a
1104 trusted root CA prior to insertion into Pluto's chained list.
1106 - replaced the --assign option by the -v option in the auto awk script
1107 in order to make it run with mawk under debian/woody.
1113 - Split of the status information between ipsec auto --status (concise)
1114 and ipsec auto --statusall (verbose). Both commands can be used with
1115 an optional connection selector:
1117 ipsec auto --status[all] <connection_name>
1119 - Added the description of X.509 related features to the ipsec_auto(8)
1122 - Hardened the ASN.1 parser in debug mode, especially the printing
1123 of malformed distinguished names.
1125 - The size of an RSA public key received in a certificate is now restricted to
1127 512 bits <= modulus length <= 8192 bits.
1129 - Fixed the debug mode enumeration.
1135 - Fixed another PKCS#7 vulnerability which could lead to an
1136 endless loop while following the X.509 trust chain.
1142 - Fixed the PKCS#7 vulnerability discovered by Thomas Walpuski
1143 that accepted end certificates having identical issuer and subject
1144 distinguished names in a multi-tier X.509 trust chain.
1150 - Removed all remaining references to ipsec_netlink.h in KLIPS.
1156 - The new "ca" section allows to define the following parameters:
1159 cacert=koolCA.pem # cacert of kool CA
1160 ocspuri=http://ocsp.kool.net:8001 # ocsp server
1161 ldapserver=ldap.kool.net # default ldap server
1162 crluri=http://www.kool.net/kool.crl # crl distribution point
1163 crluri2="ldap:///O=Kool, C= .." # crl distribution point #2
1164 auto=add # add, ignore
1166 The ca definitions can be monitored via the command
1168 ipsec auto --listcainfos
1170 - Fixed cosmetic corruption of /proc filesystem by integrating
1171 D. Hugh Redelmeier's freeswan-2.06 kernel fixes.
1177 - Added support for the 818043 NAT-Traversal update of Microsoft's
1178 Windows 2000/XP IPsec client which sends an ID_FQDN during Quick Mode.
1180 - A symbolic link to libcrypto is now added in the kernel sources
1181 during kernel compilation
1183 - Fixed a couple of 64 bit issues (mostly casts to int).
1184 Thanks to Ken Bantoft who checked my sources on a 64 bit platform.
1186 - Replaced s[n]printf() statements in the kernel by ipsec_snprintf().
1187 Credits go to D. Hugh Redelmeier, Michael Richardson, and Sam Sgro
1188 of the FreeS/WAN team who solved this problem with the 2.4.25 kernel.
1194 - an empty ASN.1 SEQUENCE OF or SET OF object (e.g. a subjectAltName
1195 certificate extension which contains no generalName item) can cause
1196 a pluto crash. This bug has been fixed. Additionally the ASN.1 parser has
1197 been hardened to make it more robust against malformed ASN.1 objects.
1199 - applied Herbert Xu's NAT-T patches which fixes NAT-T under the native
1200 Linux 2.6 IPsec stack.
1206 - based on freeswan-2.04, x509-1.5.3, nat-0.6c, alg-0.8.1rc12