4 - Flexible configuration of logging subsystem to different syslog facilities
5 or files using fine-grained log levels for each target.
7 - Load testing plugin to do stress testing of the IKEv2 daemon against self
8 or another host. Found and fixed issues during tests in the multi-threaded
9 use of the OpenSSL plugin.
11 - Added profiling code to synchronization primitives to find bottlenecks if
12 running on multiple cores. Found and fixed an issue where parts of the
13 Diffie-Hellman calculation acquired an exclusive lock. This greatly improves
14 parallelization to multiple cores.
16 - updown script invocation has been separated in an own plugin to further
17 slim down the daemon core.
19 - separated IKE_SA/CHILD_SA key derivation process into a closed system,
20 allowing future implementations to use a secured environment in e.g. kernel
23 - The kernel interface of charon has been modularized. Plugins for the native
24 IPsec stack of the Linux 2.6 kernel and the KLIPS IPsec stack are provided.
30 - IKEv2 charon daemon supports authentication based on raw public keys
31 stored in the SQL database backend. The ipsec listpubkeys command
32 lists the available raw public keys via the stroke interface.
34 - Several MOBIKE improvements: Detect changes in NAT mappings in DPD exchanges,
35 handle events if kernel detects NAT mapping changes in UDP-encapsulated
36 ESP packets (requires kernel patch), reuse old addesses in MOBIKE updates as
37 long as possible and other fixes.
39 - Fixed a bug in addr_in_subnet() which caused insertion of wrong source
40 routes for destination subnets having netwmasks not being a multiple of 8 bits.
41 Thanks go to Wolfgang Steudel, TU Ilmenau for reporting this bug.
47 - Fixed a Denial-of-Service vulnerability where an IKE_SA_INIT message with
48 a KE payload containing zeroes only can cause a crash of the IKEv2 charon
49 daemon due to a NULL pointer returned by the mpz_export() function of the
50 GNU Multiprecision Library (GMP). Thanks go to Mu Dynamics Research Labs
51 for making us aware of this problem.
53 - The new agent plugin provides a private key implementation on top of an
56 - The NetworkManager plugin has been extended to support certificate client
57 authentication using RSA keys loaded from a file or using ssh-agent.
59 - Daemon capability dropping has been ported to libcap and must be enabled
60 explicitly --with-capabilities=libcap. Future version will support the
61 newer libcap2 library.
63 - ipsec listalgs lists the IKEv2 cryptografic algorithms registered with the
70 - A NetworkManager plugin allows GUI-based configuration of road-warrior
71 clients in a simple way. It features X509 based gateway authentication
72 and EAP client authentication, tunnel setup/teardown and storing passwords
75 - A new EAP-GTC plugin implements draft-sheffer-ikev2-gtc-00.txt and allows
76 username/password authentication against any PAM service on the gateway.
77 The new EAP method interacts nicely with the NetworkManager plugin and allows
78 client authentication against e.g. LDAP.
80 - Improved support for the EAP-Identity method. The new ipsec.conf eap_identity
81 parameter defines an additional identity to pass to the server in EAP
84 - The "ipsec statusall" command now lists CA restrictions, EAP
85 authentication types and EAP identities.
87 - Fixed two multithreading deadlocks occurring when starting up
88 several hundred tunnels concurrently.
90 - Fixed the --enable-integrity-test configure option which
91 computes a SHA-1 checksum over the libstrongswan library.
97 - Consistent logging of IKE and CHILD SAs at the audit (AUD) level.
99 - Improved the performance of the SQL-based virtual IP address pool
100 by introducing an additional addresses table. The leases table
101 storing only history information has become optional and can be
102 disabled by setting charon.plugins.sql.lease_history = no in
105 - The XFRM_STATE_AF_UNSPEC flag added to xfrm.h allows IPv4-over-IPv6
106 and IPv6-over-IPv4 tunnels with the 2.6.26 and later Linux kernels.
108 - management of different virtual IP pools for different
109 network interfaces have become possible.
111 - fixed a bug which prevented the assignment of more than 256
112 virtual IP addresses from a pool managed by an sql database.
114 - fixed a bug which did not delete own IPCOMP SAs in the kernel.
120 - Added statistics functions to ipsec pool --status and ipsec pool --leases
121 and input validation checks to various ipsec pool commands.
123 - ipsec statusall now lists all loaded charon plugins and displays
124 the negotiated IKEv2 cipher suite proposals.
126 - The openssl plugin supports the elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman groups
127 19, 20, 21, 25, and 26.
129 - The openssl plugin supports ECDSA authentication using elliptic curve
132 - Fixed a bug in stroke which caused multiple charon threads to close
133 the file descriptors during packet transfers over the stroke socket.
135 - ESP sequence numbers are now migrated in IPsec SA updates handled by
136 MOBIKE. Works only with Linux kernels >= 2.6.17.
142 - Fixed the strongswan.conf path configuration problem that occurred when
143 --sysconfig was not set explicitly in ./configure.
145 - Fixed a number of minor bugs that where discovered during the 4th
146 IKEv2 interoperability workshop in San Antonio, TX.
152 - Plugins for libstrongswan and charon can optionally be loaded according
153 to a configuration in strongswan.conf. Most components provide a
154 "load = " option followed by a space separated list of plugins to load.
155 This allows e.g. the fallback from a hardware crypto accelerator to
156 to software-based crypto plugins.
158 - Charons SQL plugin has been extended by a virtual IP address pool.
159 Configurations with a rightsourceip=%poolname setting query a SQLite or
160 MySQL database for leases. The "ipsec pool" command helps in administrating
161 the pool database. See ipsec pool --help for the available options
163 - The Authenticated Encryption Algorithms AES-CCM-8/12/16 and AES-GCM-8/12/16
164 for ESP are now supported starting with the Linux 2.6.25 kernel. The
165 syntax is e.g. esp=aes128ccm12 or esp=aes256gcm16.
171 - Support for "Hash and URL" encoded certificate payloads has been implemented
172 in the IKEv2 daemon charon. Using the "certuribase" option of a CA section
173 allows to assign a base URL to all certificates issued by the specified CA.
174 The final URL is then built by concatenating that base and the hex encoded
175 SHA1 hash of the DER encoded certificate. Note that this feature is disabled
176 by default and must be enabled using the option "charon.hash_and_url".
178 - The IKEv2 daemon charon now supports the "uniqueids" option to close multiple
179 IKE_SAs with the same peer. The option value "keep" prefers existing
180 connection setups over new ones, where the value "replace" replaces existing
183 - The crypto factory in libstrongswan additionaly supports random number
184 generators, plugins may provide other sources of randomness. The default
185 plugin reads raw random data from /dev/(u)random.
187 - Extended the credential framework by a caching option to allow plugins
188 persistent caching of fetched credentials. The "cachecrl" option has been
191 - The new trustchain verification introduced in 4.2.0 has been parallelized.
192 Threads fetching CRL or OCSP information no longer block other threads.
194 - A new IKEv2 configuration attribute framework has been introduced allowing
195 plugins to provide virtual IP addresses, and in the future, other
196 configuration attribute services (e.g. DNS/WINS servers).
198 - The stroke plugin has been extended to provide virtual IP addresses from
199 a pool defined in ipsec.conf. The "rightsourceip" parameter now accepts
200 address pools in CIDR notation (e.g. 10.1.1.0/24). The parameter also accepts
201 the value "%poolname", where "poolname" identifies a pool provided by a
204 - Fixed compilation on uClibc and a couple of other minor bugs.
206 - Set DPD defaults in ipsec starter to dpd_delay=30s and dpd_timeout=150s.
208 - The IKEv1 pluto daemon now supports the ESP encryption algorithm CAMELLIA
209 with key lengths of 128, 192, and 256 bits, as well as the authentication
210 algorithm AES_XCBC_MAC. Configuration example: esp=camellia192-aesxcbc.
216 - libstrongswan has been modularized to attach crypto algorithms,
217 credential implementations (keys, certificates) and fetchers dynamically
218 through plugins. Existing code has been ported to plugins:
219 - RSA/Diffie-Hellman implementation using the GNU Multi Precision library
220 - X509 certificate system supporting CRLs, OCSP and attribute certificates
221 - Multiple plugins providing crypto algorithms in software
222 - CURL and OpenLDAP fetcher
224 - libstrongswan gained a relational database API which uses pluggable database
225 providers. Plugins for MySQL and SQLite are available.
227 - The IKEv2 keying daemon charon is more extensible. Generic plugins may provide
228 connection configuration, credentials and EAP methods or control the daemon.
229 Existing code has been ported to plugins:
230 - EAP-AKA, EAP-SIM, EAP-MD5 and EAP-Identity
231 - stroke configuration, credential and control (compatible to pluto)
232 - XML bases management protocol to control and query the daemon
233 The following new plugins are available:
234 - An experimental SQL configuration, credential and logging plugin on
235 top of either MySQL or SQLite
236 - A unit testing plugin to run tests at daemon startup
238 - The authentication and credential framework in charon has been heavily
239 refactored to support modular credential providers, proper
240 CERTREQ/CERT payload exchanges and extensible authorization rules.
242 - The framework of strongSwan Manager has envolved to the web application
243 framework libfast (FastCGI Application Server w/ Templates) and is usable
244 by other applications.
250 - IKE rekeying in NAT situations did not inherit the NAT conditions
251 to the rekeyed IKE_SA so that the UDP encapsulation was lost with
252 the next CHILD_SA rekeying.
254 - Wrong type definition of the next_payload variable in id_payload.c
255 caused an INVALID_SYNTAX error on PowerPC platforms.
257 - Implemented IKEv2 EAP-SIM server and client test modules that use
258 triplets stored in a file. For details on the configuration see
259 the scenario 'ikev2/rw-eap-sim-rsa'.
265 - Fixed error in the ordering of the certinfo_t records in the ocsp cache that
266 caused multiple entries of the same serial number to be created.
268 - Implementation of a simple EAP-MD5 module which provides CHAP
269 authentication. This may be interesting in conjunction with certificate
270 based server authentication, as weak passwords can't be brute forced
271 (in contradiction to traditional IKEv2 PSK).
273 - A complete software based implementation of EAP-AKA, using algorithms
274 specified in 3GPP2 (S.S0055). This implementation does not use an USIM,
275 but reads the secrets from ipsec.secrets. Make sure to read eap_aka.h
278 - Support for vendor specific EAP methods using Expanded EAP types. The
279 interface to EAP modules has been slightly changed, so make sure to
280 check the changes if you're already rolling your own modules.
286 - The default _updown script now dynamically inserts and removes ip6tables
287 firewall rules if leftfirewall=yes is set in IPv6 connections. New IPv6
288 net-net and roadwarrior (PSK/RSA) scenarios for both IKEv1 and IKEV2 were
291 - Implemented RFC4478 repeated authentication to force EAP/Virtual-IP clients
292 to reestablish an IKE_SA within a given timeframe.
294 - strongSwan Manager supports configuration listing, initiation and termination
295 of IKE and CHILD_SAs.
297 - Fixes and improvements to multithreading code.
299 - IKEv2 plugins have been renamed to libcharon-* to avoid naming conflicts.
300 Make sure to remove the old plugins in $libexecdir/ipsec, otherwise they get
307 - Removed recursive pthread mutexes since uClibc doesn't support them.
313 - In NAT traversal situations and multiple queued Quick Modes,
314 those pending connections inserted by auto=start after the
315 port floating from 500 to 4500 were erronously deleted.
317 - Added a "forceencaps" connection parameter to enforce UDP encapsulation
318 to surmount restrictive firewalls. NAT detection payloads are faked to
319 simulate a NAT situation and trick the other peer into NAT mode (IKEv2 only).
321 - Preview of strongSwan Manager, a web based configuration and monitoring
322 application. It uses a new XML control interface to query the IKEv2 daemon
323 (see http://trac.strongswan.org/wiki/Manager).
325 - Experimental SQLite configuration backend which will provide the configuration
326 interface for strongSwan Manager in future releases.
328 - Further improvements to MOBIKE support.
334 - Since some third party IKEv2 implementations run into
335 problems with strongSwan announcing MOBIKE capability per
336 default, MOBIKE can be disabled on a per-connection-basis
337 using the mobike=no option. Whereas mobike=no disables the
338 sending of the MOBIKE_SUPPORTED notification and the floating
339 to UDP port 4500 with the IKE_AUTH request even if no NAT
340 situation has been detected, strongSwan will still support
341 MOBIKE acting as a responder.
343 - the default ipsec routing table plus its corresponding priority
344 used for inserting source routes has been changed from 100 to 220.
345 It can be configured using the --with-ipsec-routing-table and
346 --with-ipsec-routing-table-prio options.
348 - the --enable-integrity-test configure option tests the
349 integrity of the libstrongswan crypto code during the charon
352 - the --disable-xauth-vid configure option disables the sending
353 of the XAUTH vendor ID. This can be used as a workaround when
354 interoperating with some Windows VPN clients that get into
355 trouble upon reception of an XAUTH VID without eXtended
356 AUTHentication having been configured.
358 - ipsec stroke now supports the rereadsecrets, rereadaacerts,
359 rereadacerts, and listacerts options.
365 - If a DNS lookup failure occurs when resolving right=%<FQDN>
366 or right=<FQDN> combined with rightallowany=yes then the
367 connection is not updated by ipsec starter thus preventing
368 the disruption of an active IPsec connection. Only if the DNS
369 lookup successfully returns with a changed IP address the
370 corresponding connection definition is updated.
372 - Routes installed by the keying daemons are now in a separate
373 routing table with the ID 100 to avoid conflicts with the main
374 table. Route lookup for IKEv2 traffic is done in userspace to ignore
375 routes installed for IPsec, as IKE traffic shouldn't get encapsulated.
381 - The pluto IKEv1 daemon now exhibits the same behaviour as its
382 IKEv2 companion charon by inserting an explicit route via the
383 _updown script only if a sourceip exists. This is admissible
384 since routing through the IPsec tunnel is handled automatically
385 by NETKEY's IPsec policies. As a consequence the left|rightnexthop
386 parameter is not required any more.
388 - The new IKEv1 parameter right|leftallowany parameters helps to handle
389 the case where both peers possess dynamic IP addresses that are
390 usually resolved using DynDNS or a similar service. The configuration
395 can be used by the initiator to start up a connection to a peer
396 by resolving peer.foo.bar into the currently allocated IP address.
397 Thanks to the rightallowany flag the connection behaves later on
402 so that the peer can rekey the connection as an initiator when his
403 IP address changes. An alternative notation is
407 which will implicitly set rightallowany=yes.
409 - ipsec starter now fails more gracefully in the presence of parsing
410 errors. Flawed ca and conn section are discarded and pluto is started
411 if non-fatal errors only were encountered. If right=%peer.foo.bar
412 cannot be resolved by DNS then right=%any will be used so that passive
413 connections as a responder are still possible.
415 - The new pkcs11initargs parameter that can be placed in the
416 setup config section of /etc/ipsec.conf allows the definition
417 of an argument string that is used with the PKCS#11 C_Initialize()
418 function. This non-standard feature is required by the NSS softoken
419 library. This patch was contributed by Robert Varga.
421 - Fixed a bug in ipsec starter introduced by strongswan-2.8.5
422 which caused a segmentation fault in the presence of unknown
423 or misspelt keywords in ipsec.conf. This bug fix was contributed
426 - Partial support for MOBIKE in IKEv2. The initiator acts on interface/
427 address configuration changes and updates IKE and IPsec SAs dynamically.
433 - IKEv2 peer configuration selection now can be based on a given
434 certification authority using the rightca= statement.
436 - IKEv2 authentication based on RSA signatures now can handle multiple
437 certificates issued for a given peer ID. This allows a smooth transition
438 in the case of a peer certificate renewal.
440 - IKEv2: Support for requesting a specific virtual IP using leftsourceip on the
441 client and returning requested virtual IPs using rightsourceip=%config
442 on the server. If the server does not support configuration payloads, the
443 client enforces its leftsourceip parameter.
445 - The ./configure options --with-uid/--with-gid allow pluto and charon
446 to drop their privileges to a minimum and change to an other UID/GID. This
447 improves the systems security, as a possible intruder may only get the
448 CAP_NET_ADMIN capability.
450 - Further modularization of charon: Pluggable control interface and
451 configuration backend modules provide extensibility. The control interface
452 for stroke is included, and further interfaces using DBUS (NetworkManager)
453 or XML are on the way. A backend for storing configurations in the daemon
454 is provided and more advanced backends (using e.g. a database) are trivial
457 - Fixed a compilation failure in libfreeswan occuring with Linux kernel
464 - Support for an additional Diffie-Hellman exchange when creating/rekeying
465 a CHILD_SA in IKEv2 (PFS). PFS is enabled when the proposal contains a
466 DH group (e.g. "esp=aes128-sha1-modp1536"). Further, DH group negotiation
467 is implemented properly for rekeying.
469 - Support for the AES-XCBC-96 MAC algorithm for IPsec SAs when using IKEv2
470 (requires linux >= 2.6.20). It is enabled using e.g. "esp=aes256-aesxcbc".
472 - Working IPv4-in-IPv6 and IPv6-in-IPv4 tunnels for linux >= 2.6.21.
474 - Added support for EAP modules which do not establish an MSK.
476 - Removed the dependencies from the /usr/include/linux/ headers by
477 including xfrm.h, ipsec.h, and pfkeyv2.h in the distribution.
479 - crlNumber is now listed by ipsec listcrls
481 - The xauth_modules.verify_secret() function now passes the
488 - Server side cookie support. If to may IKE_SAs are in CONNECTING state,
489 cookies are enabled and protect against DoS attacks with faked source
490 addresses. Number of IKE_SAs in CONNECTING state is also limited per
491 peer address to avoid resource exhaustion. IKE_SA_INIT messages are
492 compared to properly detect retransmissions and incoming retransmits are
493 detected even if the IKE_SA is blocked (e.g. doing OCSP fetches).
495 - The IKEv2 daemon charon now supports dynamic http- and ldap-based CRL
496 fetching enabled by crlcheckinterval > 0 and caching fetched CRLs
497 enabled by cachecrls=yes.
499 - Added the configuration options --enable-nat-transport which enables
500 the potentially insecure NAT traversal for IPsec transport mode and
501 --disable-vendor-id which disables the sending of the strongSwan
504 - Fixed a long-standing bug in the pluto IKEv1 daemon which caused
505 a segmentation fault if a malformed payload was detected in the
506 IKE MR2 message and pluto tried to send an encrypted notification
509 - Added the NATT_IETF_02_N Vendor ID in order to support IKEv1 connections
510 with Windows 2003 Server which uses a wrong VID hash.
516 - Support of SHA2_384 hash function for protecting IKEv1
517 negotiations and support of SHA2 signatures in X.509 certificates.
519 - Fixed a serious bug in the computation of the SHA2-512 HMAC
520 function. Introduced automatic self-test of all IKEv1 hash
521 and hmac functions during pluto startup. Failure of a self-test
522 currently issues a warning only but does not exit pluto [yet].
524 - Support for SHA2-256/384/512 PRF and HMAC functions in IKEv2.
526 - Full support of CA information sections. ipsec listcainfos
527 now shows all collected crlDistributionPoints and OCSP
530 - Support of the Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) for IKEv2.
531 This feature requires the HTTP fetching capabilities of the libcurl
532 library which must be enabled by setting the --enable-http configure
535 - Refactored core of the IKEv2 message processing code, allowing better
536 code reuse and separation.
538 - Virtual IP support in IKEv2 using INTERNAL_IP4/6_ADDRESS configuration
539 payload. Additionally, the INTERNAL_IP4/6_DNS attribute is interpreted
540 by the requestor and installed in a resolv.conf file.
542 - The IKEv2 daemon charon installs a route for each IPsec policy to use
543 the correct source address even if an application does not explicitly
546 - Integrated the EAP framework into charon which loads pluggable EAP library
547 modules. The ipsec.conf parameter authby=eap initiates EAP authentication
548 on the client side, while the "eap" parameter on the server side defines
549 the EAP method to use for client authentication.
550 A generic client side EAP-Identity module and an EAP-SIM authentication
551 module using a third party card reader implementation are included.
553 - Added client side support for cookies.
555 - Integrated the fixes done at the IKEv2 interoperability bakeoff, including
556 strict payload order, correct INVALID_KE_PAYLOAD rejection and other minor
557 fixes to enhance interoperability with other implementations.
563 - strongSwan now interoperates with the NCP Secure Entry Client,
564 the Shrew Soft VPN Client, and the Cisco VPN client, doing both
565 XAUTH and Mode Config.
567 - UNITY attributes are now recognized and UNITY_BANNER is set
574 - IKEv1: Support for extended authentication (XAUTH) in combination
575 with ISAKMP Main Mode RSA or PSK authentication. Both client and
576 server side were implemented. Handling of user credentials can
577 be done by a run-time loadable XAUTH module. By default user
578 credentials are stored in ipsec.secrets.
580 - IKEv2: Support for reauthentication when rekeying
582 - IKEv2: Support for transport mode
584 - fixed a lot of bugs related to byte order
586 - various other bugfixes
592 - IKEv1: Implementation of ModeConfig push mode via the new connection
593 keyword modeconfig=push allows interoperability with Cisco VPN gateways.
595 - IKEv1: The command ipsec statusall now shows "DPD active" for all
596 ISAKMP SAs that are under active Dead Peer Detection control.
598 - IKEv2: Charon's logging and debugging framework has been completely rewritten.
599 Instead of logger, special printf() functions are used to directly
600 print objects like hosts (%H) identifications (%D), certificates (%Q),
601 etc. The number of debugging levels have been reduced to:
603 0 (audit), 1 (control), 2 (controlmore), 3 (raw), 4 (private)
605 The debugging levels can either be specified statically in ipsec.conf as
608 charondebug="lib 1, cfg 3, net 2"
610 or changed at runtime via stroke as
612 ipsec stroke loglevel cfg 2
618 - Implemented full support for IPv6-in-IPv6 tunnels.
620 - Added configuration options for dead peer detection in IKEv2. dpd_action
621 types "clear", "hold" and "restart" are supported. The dpd_timeout
622 value is not used, as the normal retransmission policy applies to
623 detect dead peers. The dpd_delay parameter enables sending of empty
624 informational message to detect dead peers in case of inactivity.
626 - Added support for preshared keys in IKEv2. PSK keys configured in
627 ipsec.secrets are loaded. The authby parameter specifies the authentication
628 method to authentificate ourself, the other peer may use PSK or RSA.
630 - Changed retransmission policy to respect the keyingtries parameter.
632 - Added private key decryption. PEM keys encrypted with AES-128/192/256
633 or 3DES are supported.
635 - Implemented DES/3DES algorithms in libstrongswan. 3DES can be used to
638 - Implemented SHA-256/384/512 in libstrongswan, allows usage of certificates
639 signed with such a hash algorithm.
641 - Added initial support for updown scripts. The actions up-host/client and
642 down-host/client are executed. The leftfirewall=yes parameter
643 uses the default updown script to insert dynamic firewall rules, a custom
644 updown script may be specified with the leftupdown parameter.
650 - Added support for the auto=route ipsec.conf parameter and the
651 ipsec route/unroute commands for IKEv2. This allows to set up IKE_SAs and
652 CHILD_SAs dynamically on demand when traffic is detected by the
655 - Added support for rekeying IKE_SAs in IKEv2 using the ikelifetime parameter.
656 As specified in IKEv2, no reauthentication is done (unlike in IKEv1), only
657 new keys are generated using perfect forward secrecy. An optional flag
658 which enforces reauthentication will be implemented later.
660 - "sha" and "sha1" are now treated as synonyms in the ike= and esp=
661 algorithm configuration statements.
667 - Full X.509 certificate trust chain verification has been implemented.
668 End entity certificates can be exchanged via CERT payloads. The current
669 default is leftsendcert=always, since CERTREQ payloads are not supported
670 yet. Optional CRLs must be imported locally into /etc/ipsec.d/crls.
672 - Added support for leftprotoport/rightprotoport parameters in IKEv2. IKEv2
673 would offer more possibilities for traffic selection, but the Linux kernel
674 currently does not support it. That's why we stick with these simple
675 ipsec.conf rules for now.
677 - Added Dead Peer Detection (DPD) which checks liveliness of remote peer if no
678 IKE or ESP traffic is received. DPD is currently hardcoded (dpdaction=clear,
681 - Initial NAT traversal support in IKEv2. Charon includes NAT detection
682 notify payloads to detect NAT routers between the peers. It switches
683 to port 4500, uses UDP encapsulated ESP packets, handles peer address
684 changes gracefully and sends keep alive message periodically.
686 - Reimplemented IKE_SA state machine for charon, which allows simultaneous
687 rekeying, more shared code, cleaner design, proper retransmission
688 and a more extensible code base.
690 - The mixed PSK/RSA roadwarrior detection capability introduced by the
691 strongswan-2.7.0 release necessitated the pre-parsing of the IKE proposal
692 payloads by the responder right before any defined IKE Main Mode state had
693 been established. Although any form of bad proposal syntax was being correctly
694 detected by the payload parser, the subsequent error handler didn't check
695 the state pointer before logging current state information, causing an
696 immediate crash of the pluto keying daemon due to a NULL pointer.
702 - Added algorithm selection to charon: New default algorithms for
703 ike=aes128-sha-modp2048, as both daemons support it. The default
704 for IPsec SAs is now esp=aes128-sha,3des-md5. charon handles
705 the ike/esp parameter the same way as pluto. As this syntax does
706 not allow specification of a pseudo random function, the same
707 algorithm as for integrity is used (currently sha/md5). Supported
709 Encryption: aes128, aes192, aes256
710 Integrity/PRF: md5, sha (using hmac)
711 DH-Groups: modp768, 1024, 1536, 2048, 4096, 8192
713 Encryption: aes128, aes192, aes256, 3des, blowfish128,
714 blowfish192, blowfish256
716 More IKE encryption algorithms will come after porting libcrypto into
719 - initial support for rekeying CHILD_SAs using IKEv2. Currently no
720 perfect forward secrecy is used. The rekeying parameters rekey,
721 rekeymargin, rekeyfuzz and keylife from ipsec.conf are now supported
722 when using IKEv2. WARNING: charon currently is unable to handle
723 simultaneous rekeying. To avoid such a situation, use a large
724 rekeyfuzz, or even better, set rekey=no on one peer.
726 - support for host2host, net2net, host2net (roadwarrior) tunnels
727 using predefined RSA certificates (see uml scenarios for
728 configuration examples).
730 - new build environment featuring autotools. Features such
731 as HTTP, LDAP and smartcard support may be enabled using
732 the ./configure script. Changing install directories
733 is possible, too. See ./configure --help for more details.
735 - better integration of charon with ipsec starter, which allows
736 (almost) transparent operation with both daemons. charon
737 handles ipsec commands up, down, status, statusall, listall,
738 listcerts and allows proper load, reload and delete of connections
745 - initial support of the IKEv2 protocol. Connections in
746 ipsec.conf designated by keyexchange=ikev2 are negotiated
747 by the new IKEv2 charon keying daemon whereas those marked
748 by keyexchange=ikev1 or the default keyexchange=ike are
749 handled thy the IKEv1 pluto keying daemon. Currently only
750 a limited subset of functions are available with IKEv2
751 (Default AES encryption, authentication based on locally
752 imported X.509 certificates, unencrypted private RSA keys
753 in PKCS#1 file format, limited functionality of the ipsec
760 - the dynamic iptables rules from the _updown_x509 template
761 for KLIPS and the _updown_policy template for NETKEY have
762 been merged into the default _updown script. The existing
763 left|rightfirewall keyword causes the automatic insertion
764 and deletion of ACCEPT rules for tunneled traffic upon
765 the successful setup and teardown of an IPsec SA, respectively.
766 left|rightfirwall can be used with KLIPS under any Linux 2.4
767 kernel or with NETKEY under a Linux kernel version >= 2.6.16
768 in conjuction with iptables >= 1.3.5. For NETKEY under a Linux
769 kernel version < 2.6.16 which does not support IPsec policy
770 matching yet, please continue to use a copy of the _updown_espmark
771 template loaded via the left|rightupdown keyword.
773 - a new left|righthostaccess keyword has been introduced which
774 can be used in conjunction with left|rightfirewall and the
775 default _updown script. By default leftfirewall=yes inserts
776 a bi-directional iptables FORWARD rule for a local client network
777 with a netmask different from 255.255.255.255 (single host).
778 This does not allow to access the VPN gateway host via its
779 internal network interface which is part of the client subnet
780 because an iptables INPUT and OUTPUT rule would be required.
781 lefthostaccess=yes will cause this additional ACCEPT rules to
784 - mixed PSK|RSA roadwarriors are now supported. The ISAKMP proposal
785 payload is preparsed in order to find out whether the roadwarrior
786 requests PSK or RSA so that a matching connection candidate can
793 - the new _updown_policy template allows ipsec policy based
794 iptables firewall rules. Required are iptables version
795 >= 1.3.5 and linux kernel >= 2.6.16. This script obsoletes
796 the _updown_espmark template, so that no INPUT mangle rules
797 are required any more.
799 - added support of DPD restart mode
801 - ipsec starter now allows the use of wildcards in include
802 statements as e.g. in "include /etc/my_ipsec/*.conf".
803 Patch courtesy of Matthias Haas.
805 - the Netscape OID 'employeeNumber' is now recognized and can be
806 used as a Relative Distinguished Name in certificates.
812 - /etc/init.d/ipsec or /etc/rc.d/ipsec is now a copy of the ipsec
813 command and not of ipsec setup any more.
815 - ipsec starter now supports AH authentication in conjunction with
816 ESP encryption. AH authentication is configured in ipsec.conf
817 via the auth=ah parameter.
819 - The command ipsec scencrypt|scdecrypt <args> is now an alias for
820 ipsec whack --scencrypt|scdecrypt <args>.
822 - get_sa_info() now determines for the native netkey IPsec stack
823 the exact time of the last use of an active eroute. This information
824 is used by the Dead Peer Detection algorithm and is also displayed by
825 the ipsec status command.
831 - running under the native Linux 2.6 IPsec stack, the function
832 get_sa_info() is called by ipsec auto --status to display the current
833 number of transmitted bytes per IPsec SA.
835 - get_sa_info() is also used by the Dead Peer Detection process to detect
836 recent ESP activity. If ESP traffic was received from the peer within
837 the last dpd_delay interval then no R_Y_THERE notification must be sent.
839 - strongSwan now supports the Relative Distinguished Name "unstructuredName"
840 in ID_DER_ASN1_DN identities. The following notations are possible:
842 rightid="unstructuredName=John Doe"
843 rightid="UN=John Doe"
845 - fixed a long-standing bug which caused PSK-based roadwarrior connections
846 to segfault in the function id.c:same_id() called by keys.c:get_secret()
847 if an FQDN, USER_FQDN, or Key ID was defined, as in the following example.
854 - the ipsec command now supports most ipsec auto commands (e.g. ipsec listall).
856 - ipsec starter didn't set host_addr and client.addr ports in whack msg.
858 - in order to guarantee backwards-compatibility with the script-based
859 auto function (e.g. auto --replace), the ipsec starter scripts stores
860 the defaultroute information in the temporary file /var/run/ipsec.info.
862 - The compile-time option USE_XAUTH_VID enables the sending of the XAUTH
863 Vendor ID which is expected by Cisco PIX 7 boxes that act as IKE Mode Config
866 - the ipsec starter now also recognizes the parameters authby=never and
867 type=passthrough|pass|drop|reject.
873 - ipsec starter now supports the also parameter which allows
874 a modular structure of the connection definitions. Thus
875 "ipsec start" is now ready to replace "ipsec setup".
881 - Mathieu Lafon's popular ipsec starter tool has been added to the
882 strongSwan distribution. Many thanks go to Stephan Scholz from astaro
883 for his integration work. ipsec starter is a C program which is going
884 to replace the various shell and awk starter scripts (setup, _plutoload,
885 _plutostart, _realsetup, _startklips, _confread, and auto). Since
886 ipsec.conf is now parsed only once, the starting of multiple tunnels is
887 accelerated tremedously.
889 - Added support of %defaultroute to the ipsec starter. If the IP address
890 changes, a HUP signal to the ipsec starter will automatically
891 reload pluto's connections.
893 - moved most compile time configurations from pluto/Makefile to
894 Makefile.inc by defining the options USE_LIBCURL, USE_LDAP,
895 USE_SMARTCARD, and USE_NAT_TRAVERSAL_TRANSPORT_MODE.
897 - removed the ipsec verify and ipsec newhostkey commands
899 - fixed some 64-bit issues in formatted print statements
901 - The scepclient functionality implementing the Simple Certificate
902 Enrollment Protocol (SCEP) is nearly complete but hasn't been
909 - CA certicates are now automatically loaded from a smartcard
910 or USB crypto token and appear in the ipsec auto --listcacerts
917 - when using "ipsec whack --scencrypt <data>" with a PKCS#11
918 library that does not support the C_Encrypt() Cryptoki
919 function (e.g. OpenSC), the RSA encryption is done in
920 software using the public key fetched from the smartcard.
922 - The scepclient function now allows to define the
923 validity of a self-signed certificate using the --days,
924 --startdate, and --enddate options. The default validity
925 has been changed from one year to five years.
931 - the config setup parameter pkcs11proxy=yes opens pluto's PKCS#11
932 interface to other applications for RSA encryption and decryption
933 via the whack interface. Notation:
935 ipsec whack --scencrypt <data>
936 [--inbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
937 [--outbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
940 ipsec whack --scdecrypt <data>
941 [--inbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
942 [--outbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
945 The default setting for inbase and outbase is hex.
947 The new proxy interface can be used for securing symmetric
948 encryption keys required by the cryptoloop or dm-crypt
949 disk encryption schemes, especially in the case when
950 pkcs11keepstate=yes causes pluto to lock the pkcs11 slot
953 - if the file /etc/ipsec.secrets is lacking during the startup of
954 pluto then the root-readable file /etc/ipsec.d/private/myKey.der
955 containing a 2048 bit RSA private key and a matching self-signed
956 certificate stored in the file /etc/ipsec.d/certs/selfCert.der
957 is automatically generated by calling the function
959 ipsec scepclient --out pkcs1 --out cert-self
961 scepclient was written by Jan Hutter and Martin Willi, students
962 at the University of Applied Sciences in Rapperswil, Switzerland.
968 - the current extension of the PKCS#7 framework introduced
969 a parsing error in PKCS#7 wrapped X.509 certificates that are
970 e.g. transmitted by Windows XP when multi-level CAs are used.
971 the parsing syntax has been fixed.
973 - added a patch by Gerald Richter which tolerates multiple occurrences
974 of the ipsec0 interface when using KLIPS.
980 - with gawk-3.1.4 the word "default2 has become a protected
981 keyword for use in switch statements and cannot be used any
982 more in the strongSwan scripts. This problem has been
983 solved by renaming "default" to "defaults" and "setdefault"
984 in the scripts _confread and auto, respectively.
986 - introduced the parameter leftsendcert with the values
988 always|yes (the default, always send a cert)
989 ifasked (send the cert only upon a cert request)
990 never|no (never send a cert, used for raw RSA keys and
993 - fixed the initialization of the ESP key length to a default of
994 128 bits in the case that the peer does not send a key length
995 attribute for AES encryption.
997 - applied Herbert Xu's uniqueIDs patch
999 - applied Herbert Xu's CLOEXEC patches
1005 - CRLs can now be cached also in the case when the issuer's
1006 certificate does not contain a subjectKeyIdentifier field.
1007 In that case the subjectKeyIdentifier is computed by pluto as the
1008 160 bit SHA-1 hash of the issuer's public key in compliance
1009 with section 4.2.1.2 of RFC 3280.
1011 - Fixed a bug introduced by strongswan-2.5.1 which eliminated
1012 not only multiple Quick Modes of a given connection but also
1013 multiple connections between two security gateways.
1019 - Under the native IPsec of the Linux 2.6 kernel, a %trap eroute
1020 installed either by setting auto=route in ipsec.conf or by
1021 a connection put into hold, generates an XFRM_AQUIRE event
1022 for each packet that wants to use the not-yet exisiting
1023 tunnel. Up to now each XFRM_AQUIRE event led to an entry in
1024 the Quick Mode queue, causing multiple IPsec SA to be
1025 established in rapid succession. Starting with strongswan-2.5.1
1026 only a single IPsec SA is established per host-pair connection.
1028 - Right after loading the PKCS#11 module, all smartcard slots are
1029 searched for certificates. The result can be viewed using
1032 ipsec auto --listcards
1034 The certificate objects found in the slots are numbered
1035 starting with #1, #2, etc. This position number can be used to address
1036 certificates (leftcert=%smartcard) and keys (: PIN %smartcard)
1037 in ipsec.conf and ipsec.secrets, respectively:
1039 %smartcard (selects object #1)
1040 %smartcard#1 (selects object #1)
1041 %smartcard#3 (selects object #3)
1043 As an alternative the existing retrieval scheme can be used:
1045 %smartcard:45 (selects object with id=45)
1046 %smartcard0 (selects first object in slot 0)
1047 %smartcard4:45 (selects object in slot 4 with id=45)
1049 - Depending on the settings of CKA_SIGN and CKA_DECRYPT
1050 private key flags either C_Sign() or C_Decrypt() is used
1051 to generate a signature.
1053 - The output buffer length parameter siglen in C_Sign()
1054 is now initialized to the actual size of the output
1055 buffer prior to the function call. This fixes the
1056 CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL error that could occur when using
1057 the OpenSC PKCS#11 module.
1059 - Changed the initialization of the PKCS#11 CK_MECHANISM in
1060 C_SignInit() to mech = { CKM_RSA_PKCS, NULL_PTR, 0 }.
1062 - Refactored the RSA public/private key code and transferred it
1063 from keys.c to the new pkcs1.c file as a preparatory step
1064 towards the release of the SCEP client.
1070 - The loading of a PKCS#11 smartcard library module during
1071 runtime does not require OpenSC library functions any more
1072 because the corresponding code has been integrated into
1073 smartcard.c. Also the RSAREF pkcs11 header files have been
1074 included in a newly created pluto/rsaref directory so that
1075 no external include path has to be defined any longer.
1077 - A long-awaited feature has been implemented at last:
1078 The local caching of CRLs fetched via HTTP or LDAP, activated
1079 by the parameter cachecrls=yes in the config setup section
1080 of ipsec.conf. The dynamically fetched CRLs are stored under
1081 a unique file name containing the issuer's subjectKeyID
1082 in /etc/ipsec.d/crls.
1084 - Applied a one-line patch courtesy of Michael Richardson
1085 from the Openswan project which fixes the kernel-oops
1086 in KLIPS when an snmp daemon is running on the same box.
1092 - Eliminated null length CRL distribution point strings.
1094 - Fixed a trust path evaluation bug introduced with 2.4.3
1100 - Improved the joint OCSP / CRL revocation policy.
1101 OCSP responses have precedence over CRL entries.
1103 - Introduced support of CRLv2 reason codes.
1105 - Fixed a bug with key-pad equipped readers which caused
1106 pluto to prompt for the pin via the console when the first
1107 occasion to enter the pin via the key-pad was missed.
1109 - When pluto is built with LDAP_V3 enabled, the library
1110 liblber required by newer versions of openldap is now
1117 - Added the _updown_espmark template which requires all
1118 incoming ESP traffic to be marked with a default mark
1121 - Introduced the pkcs11keepstate parameter in the config setup
1122 section of ipsec.conf. With pkcs11keepstate=yes the PKCS#11
1123 session and login states are kept as long as possible during
1124 the lifetime of pluto. This means that a PIN entry via a key
1125 pad has to be done only once.
1127 - Introduced the pkcs11module parameter in the config setup
1128 section of ipsec.conf which specifies the PKCS#11 module
1129 to be used with smart cards. Example:
1131 pkcs11module=/usr/lib/pkcs11/opensc-pkcs11.lo
1133 - Added support of smartcard readers equipped with a PIN pad.
1135 - Added patch by Jay Pfeifer which detects when netkey
1136 modules have been statically built into the Linux 2.6 kernel.
1138 - Added two patches by Herbert Xu. The first uses ip xfrm
1139 instead of setkey to flush the IPsec policy database. The
1140 second sets the optional flag in inbound IPComp SAs only.
1142 - Applied Ulrich Weber's patch which fixes an interoperability
1143 problem between native IPsec and KLIPS systems caused by
1144 setting the replay window to 32 instead of 0 for ipcomp.
1150 - Fixed a bug which caused an unwanted Mode Config request
1151 to be initiated in the case where "right" was used to denote
1152 the local side in ipsec.conf and "left" the remote side,
1153 contrary to the recommendation that "right" be remote and
1160 - updated Vendor ID to strongSwan-2.4.0
1162 - updated copyright statement to include David Buechi and
1169 - strongSwan now communicates with attached smartcards and
1170 USB crypto tokens via the standardized PKCS #11 interface.
1171 By default the OpenSC library from www.opensc.org is used
1172 but any other PKCS#11 library could be dynamically linked.
1173 strongSwan's PKCS#11 API was implemented by David Buechi
1174 and Michael Meier, both graduates of the Zurich University
1175 of Applied Sciences in Winterthur, Switzerland.
1177 - When a %trap eroute is triggered by an outgoing IP packet
1178 then the native IPsec stack of the Linux 2.6 kernel [often/
1179 always?] returns an XFRM_ACQUIRE message with an undefined
1180 protocol family field and the connection setup fails.
1181 As a workaround IPv4 (AF_INET) is now assumed.
1183 - the results of the UML test scenarios are now enhanced
1184 with block diagrams of the virtual network topology used
1185 in a particular test.
1191 - fixed IV used to decrypt informational messages.
1192 This bug was introduced with Mode Config functionality.
1194 - fixed NCP Vendor ID.
1196 - undid one of Ulrich Weber's maximum udp size patches
1197 because it caused a segmentation fault with NAT-ed
1200 - added UML scenarios wildcards and attr-cert which
1201 demonstrate the implementation of IPsec policies based
1202 on wildcard parameters contained in Distinguished Names and
1203 on X.509 attribute certificates, respectively.
1209 - Added basic Mode Config functionality
1211 - Added Mathieu Lafon's patch which upgrades the status of
1212 the NAT-Traversal implementation to RFC 3947.
1214 - The _startklips script now also loads the xfrm4_tunnel
1217 - Added Ulrich Weber's netlink replay window size and
1218 maximum udp size patches.
1220 - UML testing now uses the Linux 2.6.10 UML kernel by default.
1226 - Eric Marchionni and Patrik Rayo, both recent graduates from
1227 the Zuercher Hochschule Winterthur in Switzerland, created a
1228 User-Mode-Linux test setup for strongSwan. For more details
1229 please read the INSTALL and README documents in the testing
1232 - Full support of group attributes based on X.509 attribute
1233 certificates. Attribute certificates can be generated
1234 using the openac facility. For more details see
1238 The group attributes can be used in connection definitions
1239 in order to give IPsec access to specific user groups.
1240 This is done with the new parameter left|rightgroups as in
1242 rightgroups="Research, Sales"
1244 giving access to users possessing the group attributes
1245 Research or Sales, only.
1247 - In Quick Mode clients with subnet mask /32 are now
1248 coded as IP_V4_ADDRESS or IP_V6_ADDRESS. This should
1249 fix rekeying problems with the SafeNet/SoftRemote and NCP
1250 Secure Entry Clients.
1252 - Changed the defaults of the ikelifetime and keylife parameters
1253 to 3h and 1h, respectively. The maximum allowable values are
1254 now both set to 24 h.
1256 - Suppressed notification wars between two IPsec peers that
1257 could e.g. be triggered by incorrect ISAKMP encryption.
1259 - Public RSA keys can now have identical IDs if either the
1260 issuing CA or the serial number is different. The serial
1261 number of a certificate is now shown by the command
1263 ipsec auto --listpubkeys
1269 - Added Tuomo Soini's sourceip feature which allows a strongSwan
1270 roadwarrior to use a fixed Virtual IP (see README section 2.6)
1271 and reduces the well-known four tunnel case on VPN gateways to
1272 a single tunnel definition (see README section 2.4).
1274 - Fixed a bug occuring with NAT-Traversal enabled when the responder
1275 suddenly turns initiator and the initiator cannot find a matching
1276 connection because of the floated IKE port 4500.
1278 - Removed misleading ipsec verify command from barf.
1280 - Running under the native IP stack, ipsec --version now shows
1281 the Linux kernel version (courtesy to the Openswan project).
1287 - Introduced the ipsec auto --listalgs monitoring command which lists
1288 all currently registered IKE and ESP algorithms.
1290 - Fixed a bug in the ESP algorithm selection occuring when the strict flag
1291 is set and the first proposed transform does not match.
1293 - Fixed another deadlock in the use of the lock_certs_and_keys() mutex,
1294 occuring when a smartcard is present.
1296 - Prevented that a superseded Phase1 state can trigger a DPD_TIMEOUT event.
1298 - Fixed the printing of the notification names (null)
1300 - Applied another of Herbert Xu's Netlink patches.
1306 - Support of Dead Peer Detection. The connection parameter
1308 dpdaction=clear|hold
1310 activates DPD for the given connection.
1312 - The default Opportunistic Encryption (OE) policy groups are not
1313 automatically included anymore. Those wishing to activate OE can include
1314 the policy group with the following statement in ipsec.conf:
1316 include /etc/ipsec.d/examples/oe.conf
1318 The default for [right|left]rsasigkey is now set to %cert.
1320 - strongSwan now has a Vendor ID of its own which can be activated
1321 using the compile option VENDORID
1323 - Applied Herbert Xu's patch which sets the compression algorithm correctly.
1325 - Applied Herbert Xu's patch fixing an ESPINUDP problem
1327 - Applied Herbert Xu's patch setting source/destination port numbers.
1329 - Reapplied one of Herbert Xu's NAT-Traversal patches which got
1330 lost during the migration from SuperFreeS/WAN.
1332 - Fixed a deadlock in the use of the lock_certs_and_keys() mutex.
1334 - Fixed the unsharing of alg parameters when instantiating group
1341 - Thomas Walpuski made me aware of a potential DoS attack via
1342 a PKCS#7-wrapped certificate bundle which could overwrite valid CA
1343 certificates in Pluto's authority certificate store. This vulnerability
1344 was fixed by establishing trust in CA candidate certificates up to a
1345 trusted root CA prior to insertion into Pluto's chained list.
1347 - replaced the --assign option by the -v option in the auto awk script
1348 in order to make it run with mawk under debian/woody.
1354 - Split of the status information between ipsec auto --status (concise)
1355 and ipsec auto --statusall (verbose). Both commands can be used with
1356 an optional connection selector:
1358 ipsec auto --status[all] <connection_name>
1360 - Added the description of X.509 related features to the ipsec_auto(8)
1363 - Hardened the ASN.1 parser in debug mode, especially the printing
1364 of malformed distinguished names.
1366 - The size of an RSA public key received in a certificate is now restricted to
1368 512 bits <= modulus length <= 8192 bits.
1370 - Fixed the debug mode enumeration.
1376 - Fixed another PKCS#7 vulnerability which could lead to an
1377 endless loop while following the X.509 trust chain.
1383 - Fixed the PKCS#7 vulnerability discovered by Thomas Walpuski
1384 that accepted end certificates having identical issuer and subject
1385 distinguished names in a multi-tier X.509 trust chain.
1391 - Removed all remaining references to ipsec_netlink.h in KLIPS.
1397 - The new "ca" section allows to define the following parameters:
1400 cacert=koolCA.pem # cacert of kool CA
1401 ocspuri=http://ocsp.kool.net:8001 # ocsp server
1402 ldapserver=ldap.kool.net # default ldap server
1403 crluri=http://www.kool.net/kool.crl # crl distribution point
1404 crluri2="ldap:///O=Kool, C= .." # crl distribution point #2
1405 auto=add # add, ignore
1407 The ca definitions can be monitored via the command
1409 ipsec auto --listcainfos
1411 - Fixed cosmetic corruption of /proc filesystem by integrating
1412 D. Hugh Redelmeier's freeswan-2.06 kernel fixes.
1418 - Added support for the 818043 NAT-Traversal update of Microsoft's
1419 Windows 2000/XP IPsec client which sends an ID_FQDN during Quick Mode.
1421 - A symbolic link to libcrypto is now added in the kernel sources
1422 during kernel compilation
1424 - Fixed a couple of 64 bit issues (mostly casts to int).
1425 Thanks to Ken Bantoft who checked my sources on a 64 bit platform.
1427 - Replaced s[n]printf() statements in the kernel by ipsec_snprintf().
1428 Credits go to D. Hugh Redelmeier, Michael Richardson, and Sam Sgro
1429 of the FreeS/WAN team who solved this problem with the 2.4.25 kernel.
1435 - an empty ASN.1 SEQUENCE OF or SET OF object (e.g. a subjectAltName
1436 certificate extension which contains no generalName item) can cause
1437 a pluto crash. This bug has been fixed. Additionally the ASN.1 parser has
1438 been hardened to make it more robust against malformed ASN.1 objects.
1440 - applied Herbert Xu's NAT-T patches which fixes NAT-T under the native
1441 Linux 2.6 IPsec stack.
1447 - based on freeswan-2.04, x509-1.5.3, nat-0.6c, alg-0.8.1rc12
projects / strongswan.git / blob