4 - libstrongswan has been modularized to attach crypto algorithms,
5 credential implementations (keys, certificates) and fetchers dynamically
6 through plugins. Existing code has been ported to plugins:
7 - RSA/Diffie-Hellman implementation using the GNU Multi Precision library
8 - X509 certificate system supporting CRLs, OCSP and attribute certificates
9 - Multiple plugins providing crypto algorithms in software
10 - CURL and OpenLDAP fetcher
12 - libstrongswan gained a relational database API which uses pluggable database
13 providers. Plugins for MySQL and SQLite are available.
15 - The IKEv2 keying daemon charon is more extensible. Generic plugins may provide
16 connection configuration, credentials and EAP methods or control the daemon.
17 Existing code has been ported to plugins:
18 - EAP-AKA, EAP-SIM, EAP-MD5 and EAP-Identity
19 - stroke configuration, credential and control (compatible to pluto)
20 - XML bases management protocol to control and query the daemon
21 The following new plugins are available:
22 - An experimental SQL configuration, credential and logging plugin on
23 top of either MySQL or SQLite
24 - A unit testing plugin to run tests at daemon startup
26 - The authentication and credential framework in charon has been heavily
27 refactored to support modular credential providers, proper
28 CERTREQ/CERT payload exchanges and extensible authorization rules.
30 - The framework of strongSwan Manager has envolved to the web application
31 framework libfast (FastCGI Application Server w/ Templates) and is usable
32 by other applications.
38 - IKE rekeying in NAT situations did not inherit the NAT conditions
39 to the rekeyed IKE_SA so that the UDP encapsulation was lost with
40 the next CHILD_SA rekeying.
42 - Wrong type definition of the next_payload variable in id_payload.c
43 caused an INVALID_SYNTAX error on PowerPC platforms.
45 - Implemented IKEv2 EAP-SIM server and client test modules that use
46 triplets stored in a file. For details on the configuration see
47 the scenario 'ikev2/rw-eap-sim-rsa'.
53 - Fixed error in the ordering of the certinfo_t records in the ocsp cache that
54 caused multiple entries of the same serial number to be created.
56 - Implementation of a simple EAP-MD5 module which provides CHAP
57 authentication. This may be interesting in conjunction with certificate
58 based server authentication, as weak passwords can't be brute forced
59 (in contradiction to traditional IKEv2 PSK).
61 - A complete software based implementation of EAP-AKA, using algorithms
62 specified in 3GPP2 (S.S0055). This implementation does not use an USIM,
63 but reads the secrets from ipsec.secrets. Make sure to read eap_aka.h
66 - Support for vendor specific EAP methods using Expanded EAP types. The
67 interface to EAP modules has been slightly changed, so make sure to
68 check the changes if you're already rolling your own modules.
74 - The default _updown script now dynamically inserts and removes ip6tables
75 firewall rules if leftfirewall=yes is set in IPv6 connections. New IPv6
76 net-net and roadwarrior (PSK/RSA) scenarios for both IKEv1 and IKEV2 were
79 - Implemented RFC4478 repeated authentication to force EAP/Virtual-IP clients
80 to reestablish an IKE_SA within a given timeframe.
82 - strongSwan Manager supports configuration listing, initiation and termination
85 - Fixes and improvements to multithreading code.
87 - IKEv2 plugins have been renamed to libcharon-* to avoid naming conflicts.
88 Make sure to remove the old plugins in $libexecdir/ipsec, otherwise they get
95 - Removed recursive pthread mutexes since uClibc doesn't support them.
101 - In NAT traversal situations and multiple queued Quick Modes,
102 those pending connections inserted by auto=start after the
103 port floating from 500 to 4500 were erronously deleted.
105 - Added a "forceencaps" connection parameter to enforce UDP encapsulation
106 to surmount restrictive firewalls. NAT detection payloads are faked to
107 simulate a NAT situation and trick the other peer into NAT mode (IKEv2 only).
109 - Preview of strongSwan Manager, a web based configuration and monitoring
110 application. It uses a new XML control interface to query the IKEv2 daemon
111 (see http://trac.strongswan.org/wiki/Manager).
113 - Experimental SQLite configuration backend which will provide the configuration
114 interface for strongSwan Manager in future releases.
116 - Further improvements to MOBIKE support.
122 - Since some third party IKEv2 implementations run into
123 problems with strongSwan announcing MOBIKE capability per
124 default, MOBIKE can be disabled on a per-connection-basis
125 using the mobike=no option. Whereas mobike=no disables the
126 sending of the MOBIKE_SUPPORTED notification and the floating
127 to UDP port 4500 with the IKE_AUTH request even if no NAT
128 situation has been detected, strongSwan will still support
129 MOBIKE acting as a responder.
131 - the default ipsec routing table plus its corresponding priority
132 used for inserting source routes has been changed from 100 to 220.
133 It can be configured using the --with-ipsec-routing-table and
134 --with-ipsec-routing-table-prio options.
136 - the --enable-integrity-test configure option tests the
137 integrity of the libstrongswan crypto code during the charon
140 - the --disable-xauth-vid configure option disables the sending
141 of the XAUTH vendor ID. This can be used as a workaround when
142 interoperating with some Windows VPN clients that get into
143 trouble upon reception of an XAUTH VID without eXtended
144 AUTHentication having been configured.
146 - ipsec stroke now supports the rereadsecrets, rereadaacerts,
147 rereadacerts, and listacerts options.
153 - If a DNS lookup failure occurs when resolving right=%<FQDN>
154 or right=<FQDN> combined with rightallowany=yes then the
155 connection is not updated by ipsec starter thus preventing
156 the disruption of an active IPsec connection. Only if the DNS
157 lookup successfully returns with a changed IP address the
158 corresponding connection definition is updated.
160 - Routes installed by the keying daemons are now in a separate
161 routing table with the ID 100 to avoid conflicts with the main
162 table. Route lookup for IKEv2 traffic is done in userspace to ignore
163 routes installed for IPsec, as IKE traffic shouldn't get encapsulated.
169 - The pluto IKEv1 daemon now exhibits the same behaviour as its
170 IKEv2 companion charon by inserting an explicit route via the
171 _updown script only if a sourceip exists. This is admissible
172 since routing through the IPsec tunnel is handled automatically
173 by NETKEY's IPsec policies. As a consequence the left|rightnexthop
174 parameter is not required any more.
176 - The new IKEv1 parameter right|leftallowany parameters helps to handle
177 the case where both peers possess dynamic IP addresses that are
178 usually resolved using DynDNS or a similar service. The configuration
183 can be used by the initiator to start up a connection to a peer
184 by resolving peer.foo.bar into the currently allocated IP address.
185 Thanks to the rightallowany flag the connection behaves later on
190 so that the peer can rekey the connection as an initiator when his
191 IP address changes. An alternative notation is
195 which will implicitly set rightallowany=yes.
197 - ipsec starter now fails more gracefully in the presence of parsing
198 errors. Flawed ca and conn section are discarded and pluto is started
199 if non-fatal errors only were encountered. If right=%peer.foo.bar
200 cannot be resolved by DNS then right=%any will be used so that passive
201 connections as a responder are still possible.
203 - The new pkcs11initargs parameter that can be placed in the
204 setup config section of /etc/ipsec.conf allows the definition
205 of an argument string that is used with the PKCS#11 C_Initialize()
206 function. This non-standard feature is required by the NSS softoken
207 library. This patch was contributed by Robert Varga.
209 - Fixed a bug in ipsec starter introduced by strongswan-2.8.5
210 which caused a segmentation fault in the presence of unknown
211 or misspelt keywords in ipsec.conf. This bug fix was contributed
214 - Partial support for MOBIKE in IKEv2. The initiator acts on interface/
215 address configuration changes and updates IKE and IPsec SAs dynamically.
221 - IKEv2 peer configuration selection now can be based on a given
222 certification authority using the rightca= statement.
224 - IKEv2 authentication based on RSA signatures now can handle multiple
225 certificates issued for a given peer ID. This allows a smooth transition
226 in the case of a peer certificate renewal.
228 - IKEv2: Support for requesting a specific virtual IP using leftsourceip on the
229 client and returning requested virtual IPs using rightsourceip=%config
230 on the server. If the server does not support configuration payloads, the
231 client enforces its leftsourceip parameter.
233 - The ./configure options --with-uid/--with-gid allow pluto and charon
234 to drop their privileges to a minimum and change to an other UID/GID. This
235 improves the systems security, as a possible intruder may only get the
236 CAP_NET_ADMIN capability.
238 - Further modularization of charon: Pluggable control interface and
239 configuration backend modules provide extensibility. The control interface
240 for stroke is included, and further interfaces using DBUS (NetworkManager)
241 or XML are on the way. A backend for storing configurations in the daemon
242 is provided and more advanced backends (using e.g. a database) are trivial
245 - Fixed a compilation failure in libfreeswan occuring with Linux kernel
252 - Support for an additional Diffie-Hellman exchange when creating/rekeying
253 a CHILD_SA in IKEv2 (PFS). PFS is enabled when the proposal contains a
254 DH group (e.g. "esp=aes128-sha1-modp1536"). Further, DH group negotiation
255 is implemented properly for rekeying.
257 - Support for the AES-XCBC-96 MAC algorithm for IPsec SAs when using IKEv2
258 (requires linux >= 2.6.20). It is enabled using e.g. "esp=aes256-aesxcbc".
260 - Working IPv4-in-IPv6 and IPv6-in-IPv4 tunnels for linux >= 2.6.21.
262 - Added support for EAP modules which do not establish an MSK.
264 - Removed the dependencies from the /usr/include/linux/ headers by
265 including xfrm.h, ipsec.h, and pfkeyv2.h in the distribution.
267 - crlNumber is now listed by ipsec listcrls
269 - The xauth_modules.verify_secret() function now passes the
276 - Server side cookie support. If to may IKE_SAs are in CONNECTING state,
277 cookies are enabled and protect against DoS attacks with faked source
278 addresses. Number of IKE_SAs in CONNECTING state is also limited per
279 peer address to avoid resource exhaustion. IKE_SA_INIT messages are
280 compared to properly detect retransmissions and incoming retransmits are
281 detected even if the IKE_SA is blocked (e.g. doing OCSP fetches).
283 - The IKEv2 daemon charon now supports dynamic http- and ldap-based CRL
284 fetching enabled by crlcheckinterval > 0 and caching fetched CRLs
285 enabled by cachecrls=yes.
287 - Added the configuration options --enable-nat-transport which enables
288 the potentially insecure NAT traversal for IPsec transport mode and
289 --disable-vendor-id which disables the sending of the strongSwan
292 - Fixed a long-standing bug in the pluto IKEv1 daemon which caused
293 a segmentation fault if a malformed payload was detected in the
294 IKE MR2 message and pluto tried to send an encrypted notification
297 - Added the NATT_IETF_02_N Vendor ID in order to support IKEv1 connections
298 with Windows 2003 Server which uses a wrong VID hash.
304 - Support of SHA2_384 hash function for protecting IKEv1
305 negotiations and support of SHA2 signatures in X.509 certificates.
307 - Fixed a serious bug in the computation of the SHA2-512 HMAC
308 function. Introduced automatic self-test of all IKEv1 hash
309 and hmac functions during pluto startup. Failure of a self-test
310 currently issues a warning only but does not exit pluto [yet].
312 - Support for SHA2-256/384/512 PRF and HMAC functions in IKEv2.
314 - Full support of CA information sections. ipsec listcainfos
315 now shows all collected crlDistributionPoints and OCSP
318 - Support of the Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) for IKEv2.
319 This feature requires the HTTP fetching capabilities of the libcurl
320 library which must be enabled by setting the --enable-http configure
323 - Refactored core of the IKEv2 message processing code, allowing better
324 code reuse and separation.
326 - Virtual IP support in IKEv2 using INTERNAL_IP4/6_ADDRESS configuration
327 payload. Additionally, the INTERNAL_IP4/6_DNS attribute is interpreted
328 by the requestor and installed in a resolv.conf file.
330 - The IKEv2 daemon charon installs a route for each IPsec policy to use
331 the correct source address even if an application does not explicitly
334 - Integrated the EAP framework into charon which loads pluggable EAP library
335 modules. The ipsec.conf parameter authby=eap initiates EAP authentication
336 on the client side, while the "eap" parameter on the server side defines
337 the EAP method to use for client authentication.
338 A generic client side EAP-Identity module and an EAP-SIM authentication
339 module using a third party card reader implementation are included.
341 - Added client side support for cookies.
343 - Integrated the fixes done at the IKEv2 interoperability bakeoff, including
344 strict payload order, correct INVALID_KE_PAYLOAD rejection and other minor
345 fixes to enhance interoperability with other implementations.
351 - strongSwan now interoperates with the NCP Secure Entry Client,
352 the Shrew Soft VPN Client, and the Cisco VPN client, doing both
353 XAUTH and Mode Config.
355 - UNITY attributes are now recognized and UNITY_BANNER is set
362 - IKEv1: Support for extended authentication (XAUTH) in combination
363 with ISAKMP Main Mode RSA or PSK authentication. Both client and
364 server side were implemented. Handling of user credentials can
365 be done by a run-time loadable XAUTH module. By default user
366 credentials are stored in ipsec.secrets.
368 - IKEv2: Support for reauthentication when rekeying
370 - IKEv2: Support for transport mode
372 - fixed a lot of bugs related to byte order
374 - various other bugfixes
380 - IKEv1: Implementation of ModeConfig push mode via the new connection
381 keyword modeconfig=push allows interoperability with Cisco VPN gateways.
383 - IKEv1: The command ipsec statusall now shows "DPD active" for all
384 ISAKMP SAs that are under active Dead Peer Detection control.
386 - IKEv2: Charon's logging and debugging framework has been completely rewritten.
387 Instead of logger, special printf() functions are used to directly
388 print objects like hosts (%H) identifications (%D), certificates (%Q),
389 etc. The number of debugging levels have been reduced to:
391 0 (audit), 1 (control), 2 (controlmore), 3 (raw), 4 (private)
393 The debugging levels can either be specified statically in ipsec.conf as
396 charondebug="lib 1, cfg 3, net 2"
398 or changed at runtime via stroke as
400 ipsec stroke loglevel cfg 2
406 - Implemented full support for IPv6-in-IPv6 tunnels.
408 - Added configuration options for dead peer detection in IKEv2. dpd_action
409 types "clear", "hold" and "restart" are supported. The dpd_timeout
410 value is not used, as the normal retransmission policy applies to
411 detect dead peers. The dpd_delay parameter enables sending of empty
412 informational message to detect dead peers in case of inactivity.
414 - Added support for preshared keys in IKEv2. PSK keys configured in
415 ipsec.secrets are loaded. The authby parameter specifies the authentication
416 method to authentificate ourself, the other peer may use PSK or RSA.
418 - Changed retransmission policy to respect the keyingtries parameter.
420 - Added private key decryption. PEM keys encrypted with AES-128/192/256
421 or 3DES are supported.
423 - Implemented DES/3DES algorithms in libstrongswan. 3DES can be used to
426 - Implemented SHA-256/384/512 in libstrongswan, allows usage of certificates
427 signed with such a hash algorithm.
429 - Added initial support for updown scripts. The actions up-host/client and
430 down-host/client are executed. The leftfirewall=yes parameter
431 uses the default updown script to insert dynamic firewall rules, a custom
432 updown script may be specified with the leftupdown parameter.
438 - Added support for the auto=route ipsec.conf parameter and the
439 ipsec route/unroute commands for IKEv2. This allows to set up IKE_SAs and
440 CHILD_SAs dynamically on demand when traffic is detected by the
443 - Added support for rekeying IKE_SAs in IKEv2 using the ikelifetime parameter.
444 As specified in IKEv2, no reauthentication is done (unlike in IKEv1), only
445 new keys are generated using perfect forward secrecy. An optional flag
446 which enforces reauthentication will be implemented later.
448 - "sha" and "sha1" are now treated as synonyms in the ike= and esp=
449 algorithm configuration statements.
455 - Full X.509 certificate trust chain verification has been implemented.
456 End entity certificates can be exchanged via CERT payloads. The current
457 default is leftsendcert=always, since CERTREQ payloads are not supported
458 yet. Optional CRLs must be imported locally into /etc/ipsec.d/crls.
460 - Added support for leftprotoport/rightprotoport parameters in IKEv2. IKEv2
461 would offer more possibilities for traffic selection, but the Linux kernel
462 currently does not support it. That's why we stick with these simple
463 ipsec.conf rules for now.
465 - Added Dead Peer Detection (DPD) which checks liveliness of remote peer if no
466 IKE or ESP traffic is received. DPD is currently hardcoded (dpdaction=clear,
469 - Initial NAT traversal support in IKEv2. Charon includes NAT detection
470 notify payloads to detect NAT routers between the peers. It switches
471 to port 4500, uses UDP encapsulated ESP packets, handles peer address
472 changes gracefully and sends keep alive message periodically.
474 - Reimplemented IKE_SA state machine for charon, which allows simultaneous
475 rekeying, more shared code, cleaner design, proper retransmission
476 and a more extensible code base.
478 - The mixed PSK/RSA roadwarrior detection capability introduced by the
479 strongswan-2.7.0 release necessitated the pre-parsing of the IKE proposal
480 payloads by the responder right before any defined IKE Main Mode state had
481 been established. Although any form of bad proposal syntax was being correctly
482 detected by the payload parser, the subsequent error handler didn't check
483 the state pointer before logging current state information, causing an
484 immediate crash of the pluto keying daemon due to a NULL pointer.
490 - Added algorithm selection to charon: New default algorithms for
491 ike=aes128-sha-modp2048, as both daemons support it. The default
492 for IPsec SAs is now esp=aes128-sha,3des-md5. charon handles
493 the ike/esp parameter the same way as pluto. As this syntax does
494 not allow specification of a pseudo random function, the same
495 algorithm as for integrity is used (currently sha/md5). Supported
497 Encryption: aes128, aes192, aes256
498 Integrity/PRF: md5, sha (using hmac)
499 DH-Groups: modp768, 1024, 1536, 2048, 4096, 8192
501 Encryption: aes128, aes192, aes256, 3des, blowfish128,
502 blowfish192, blowfish256
504 More IKE encryption algorithms will come after porting libcrypto into
507 - initial support for rekeying CHILD_SAs using IKEv2. Currently no
508 perfect forward secrecy is used. The rekeying parameters rekey,
509 rekeymargin, rekeyfuzz and keylife from ipsec.conf are now supported
510 when using IKEv2. WARNING: charon currently is unable to handle
511 simultaneous rekeying. To avoid such a situation, use a large
512 rekeyfuzz, or even better, set rekey=no on one peer.
514 - support for host2host, net2net, host2net (roadwarrior) tunnels
515 using predefined RSA certificates (see uml scenarios for
516 configuration examples).
518 - new build environment featuring autotools. Features such
519 as HTTP, LDAP and smartcard support may be enabled using
520 the ./configure script. Changing install directories
521 is possible, too. See ./configure --help for more details.
523 - better integration of charon with ipsec starter, which allows
524 (almost) transparent operation with both daemons. charon
525 handles ipsec commands up, down, status, statusall, listall,
526 listcerts and allows proper load, reload and delete of connections
533 - initial support of the IKEv2 protocol. Connections in
534 ipsec.conf designated by keyexchange=ikev2 are negotiated
535 by the new IKEv2 charon keying daemon whereas those marked
536 by keyexchange=ikev1 or the default keyexchange=ike are
537 handled thy the IKEv1 pluto keying daemon. Currently only
538 a limited subset of functions are available with IKEv2
539 (Default AES encryption, authentication based on locally
540 imported X.509 certificates, unencrypted private RSA keys
541 in PKCS#1 file format, limited functionality of the ipsec
548 - the dynamic iptables rules from the _updown_x509 template
549 for KLIPS and the _updown_policy template for NETKEY have
550 been merged into the default _updown script. The existing
551 left|rightfirewall keyword causes the automatic insertion
552 and deletion of ACCEPT rules for tunneled traffic upon
553 the successful setup and teardown of an IPsec SA, respectively.
554 left|rightfirwall can be used with KLIPS under any Linux 2.4
555 kernel or with NETKEY under a Linux kernel version >= 2.6.16
556 in conjuction with iptables >= 1.3.5. For NETKEY under a Linux
557 kernel version < 2.6.16 which does not support IPsec policy
558 matching yet, please continue to use a copy of the _updown_espmark
559 template loaded via the left|rightupdown keyword.
561 - a new left|righthostaccess keyword has been introduced which
562 can be used in conjunction with left|rightfirewall and the
563 default _updown script. By default leftfirewall=yes inserts
564 a bi-directional iptables FORWARD rule for a local client network
565 with a netmask different from 255.255.255.255 (single host).
566 This does not allow to access the VPN gateway host via its
567 internal network interface which is part of the client subnet
568 because an iptables INPUT and OUTPUT rule would be required.
569 lefthostaccess=yes will cause this additional ACCEPT rules to
572 - mixed PSK|RSA roadwarriors are now supported. The ISAKMP proposal
573 payload is preparsed in order to find out whether the roadwarrior
574 requests PSK or RSA so that a matching connection candidate can
581 - the new _updown_policy template allows ipsec policy based
582 iptables firewall rules. Required are iptables version
583 >= 1.3.5 and linux kernel >= 2.6.16. This script obsoletes
584 the _updown_espmark template, so that no INPUT mangle rules
585 are required any more.
587 - added support of DPD restart mode
589 - ipsec starter now allows the use of wildcards in include
590 statements as e.g. in "include /etc/my_ipsec/*.conf".
591 Patch courtesy of Matthias Haas.
593 - the Netscape OID 'employeeNumber' is now recognized and can be
594 used as a Relative Distinguished Name in certificates.
600 - /etc/init.d/ipsec or /etc/rc.d/ipsec is now a copy of the ipsec
601 command and not of ipsec setup any more.
603 - ipsec starter now supports AH authentication in conjunction with
604 ESP encryption. AH authentication is configured in ipsec.conf
605 via the auth=ah parameter.
607 - The command ipsec scencrypt|scdecrypt <args> is now an alias for
608 ipsec whack --scencrypt|scdecrypt <args>.
610 - get_sa_info() now determines for the native netkey IPsec stack
611 the exact time of the last use of an active eroute. This information
612 is used by the Dead Peer Detection algorithm and is also displayed by
613 the ipsec status command.
619 - running under the native Linux 2.6 IPsec stack, the function
620 get_sa_info() is called by ipsec auto --status to display the current
621 number of transmitted bytes per IPsec SA.
623 - get_sa_info() is also used by the Dead Peer Detection process to detect
624 recent ESP activity. If ESP traffic was received from the peer within
625 the last dpd_delay interval then no R_Y_THERE notification must be sent.
627 - strongSwan now supports the Relative Distinguished Name "unstructuredName"
628 in ID_DER_ASN1_DN identities. The following notations are possible:
630 rightid="unstructuredName=John Doe"
631 rightid="UN=John Doe"
633 - fixed a long-standing bug which caused PSK-based roadwarrior connections
634 to segfault in the function id.c:same_id() called by keys.c:get_secret()
635 if an FQDN, USER_FQDN, or Key ID was defined, as in the following example.
642 - the ipsec command now supports most ipsec auto commands (e.g. ipsec listall).
644 - ipsec starter didn't set host_addr and client.addr ports in whack msg.
646 - in order to guarantee backwards-compatibility with the script-based
647 auto function (e.g. auto --replace), the ipsec starter scripts stores
648 the defaultroute information in the temporary file /var/run/ipsec.info.
650 - The compile-time option USE_XAUTH_VID enables the sending of the XAUTH
651 Vendor ID which is expected by Cisco PIX 7 boxes that act as IKE Mode Config
654 - the ipsec starter now also recognizes the parameters authby=never and
655 type=passthrough|pass|drop|reject.
661 - ipsec starter now supports the also parameter which allows
662 a modular structure of the connection definitions. Thus
663 "ipsec start" is now ready to replace "ipsec setup".
669 - Mathieu Lafon's popular ipsec starter tool has been added to the
670 strongSwan distribution. Many thanks go to Stephan Scholz from astaro
671 for his integration work. ipsec starter is a C program which is going
672 to replace the various shell and awk starter scripts (setup, _plutoload,
673 _plutostart, _realsetup, _startklips, _confread, and auto). Since
674 ipsec.conf is now parsed only once, the starting of multiple tunnels is
675 accelerated tremedously.
677 - Added support of %defaultroute to the ipsec starter. If the IP address
678 changes, a HUP signal to the ipsec starter will automatically
679 reload pluto's connections.
681 - moved most compile time configurations from pluto/Makefile to
682 Makefile.inc by defining the options USE_LIBCURL, USE_LDAP,
683 USE_SMARTCARD, and USE_NAT_TRAVERSAL_TRANSPORT_MODE.
685 - removed the ipsec verify and ipsec newhostkey commands
687 - fixed some 64-bit issues in formatted print statements
689 - The scepclient functionality implementing the Simple Certificate
690 Enrollment Protocol (SCEP) is nearly complete but hasn't been
697 - CA certicates are now automatically loaded from a smartcard
698 or USB crypto token and appear in the ipsec auto --listcacerts
705 - when using "ipsec whack --scencrypt <data>" with a PKCS#11
706 library that does not support the C_Encrypt() Cryptoki
707 function (e.g. OpenSC), the RSA encryption is done in
708 software using the public key fetched from the smartcard.
710 - The scepclient function now allows to define the
711 validity of a self-signed certificate using the --days,
712 --startdate, and --enddate options. The default validity
713 has been changed from one year to five years.
719 - the config setup parameter pkcs11proxy=yes opens pluto's PKCS#11
720 interface to other applications for RSA encryption and decryption
721 via the whack interface. Notation:
723 ipsec whack --scencrypt <data>
724 [--inbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
725 [--outbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
728 ipsec whack --scdecrypt <data>
729 [--inbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
730 [--outbase 16|hex|64|base64|256|text|ascii]
733 The default setting for inbase and outbase is hex.
735 The new proxy interface can be used for securing symmetric
736 encryption keys required by the cryptoloop or dm-crypt
737 disk encryption schemes, especially in the case when
738 pkcs11keepstate=yes causes pluto to lock the pkcs11 slot
741 - if the file /etc/ipsec.secrets is lacking during the startup of
742 pluto then the root-readable file /etc/ipsec.d/private/myKey.der
743 containing a 2048 bit RSA private key and a matching self-signed
744 certificate stored in the file /etc/ipsec.d/certs/selfCert.der
745 is automatically generated by calling the function
747 ipsec scepclient --out pkcs1 --out cert-self
749 scepclient was written by Jan Hutter and Martin Willi, students
750 at the University of Applied Sciences in Rapperswil, Switzerland.
756 - the current extension of the PKCS#7 framework introduced
757 a parsing error in PKCS#7 wrapped X.509 certificates that are
758 e.g. transmitted by Windows XP when multi-level CAs are used.
759 the parsing syntax has been fixed.
761 - added a patch by Gerald Richter which tolerates multiple occurrences
762 of the ipsec0 interface when using KLIPS.
768 - with gawk-3.1.4 the word "default2 has become a protected
769 keyword for use in switch statements and cannot be used any
770 more in the strongSwan scripts. This problem has been
771 solved by renaming "default" to "defaults" and "setdefault"
772 in the scripts _confread and auto, respectively.
774 - introduced the parameter leftsendcert with the values
776 always|yes (the default, always send a cert)
777 ifasked (send the cert only upon a cert request)
778 never|no (never send a cert, used for raw RSA keys and
781 - fixed the initialization of the ESP key length to a default of
782 128 bits in the case that the peer does not send a key length
783 attribute for AES encryption.
785 - applied Herbert Xu's uniqueIDs patch
787 - applied Herbert Xu's CLOEXEC patches
793 - CRLs can now be cached also in the case when the issuer's
794 certificate does not contain a subjectKeyIdentifier field.
795 In that case the subjectKeyIdentifier is computed by pluto as the
796 160 bit SHA-1 hash of the issuer's public key in compliance
797 with section 4.2.1.2 of RFC 3280.
799 - Fixed a bug introduced by strongswan-2.5.1 which eliminated
800 not only multiple Quick Modes of a given connection but also
801 multiple connections between two security gateways.
807 - Under the native IPsec of the Linux 2.6 kernel, a %trap eroute
808 installed either by setting auto=route in ipsec.conf or by
809 a connection put into hold, generates an XFRM_AQUIRE event
810 for each packet that wants to use the not-yet exisiting
811 tunnel. Up to now each XFRM_AQUIRE event led to an entry in
812 the Quick Mode queue, causing multiple IPsec SA to be
813 established in rapid succession. Starting with strongswan-2.5.1
814 only a single IPsec SA is established per host-pair connection.
816 - Right after loading the PKCS#11 module, all smartcard slots are
817 searched for certificates. The result can be viewed using
820 ipsec auto --listcards
822 The certificate objects found in the slots are numbered
823 starting with #1, #2, etc. This position number can be used to address
824 certificates (leftcert=%smartcard) and keys (: PIN %smartcard)
825 in ipsec.conf and ipsec.secrets, respectively:
827 %smartcard (selects object #1)
828 %smartcard#1 (selects object #1)
829 %smartcard#3 (selects object #3)
831 As an alternative the existing retrieval scheme can be used:
833 %smartcard:45 (selects object with id=45)
834 %smartcard0 (selects first object in slot 0)
835 %smartcard4:45 (selects object in slot 4 with id=45)
837 - Depending on the settings of CKA_SIGN and CKA_DECRYPT
838 private key flags either C_Sign() or C_Decrypt() is used
839 to generate a signature.
841 - The output buffer length parameter siglen in C_Sign()
842 is now initialized to the actual size of the output
843 buffer prior to the function call. This fixes the
844 CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL error that could occur when using
845 the OpenSC PKCS#11 module.
847 - Changed the initialization of the PKCS#11 CK_MECHANISM in
848 C_SignInit() to mech = { CKM_RSA_PKCS, NULL_PTR, 0 }.
850 - Refactored the RSA public/private key code and transferred it
851 from keys.c to the new pkcs1.c file as a preparatory step
852 towards the release of the SCEP client.
858 - The loading of a PKCS#11 smartcard library module during
859 runtime does not require OpenSC library functions any more
860 because the corresponding code has been integrated into
861 smartcard.c. Also the RSAREF pkcs11 header files have been
862 included in a newly created pluto/rsaref directory so that
863 no external include path has to be defined any longer.
865 - A long-awaited feature has been implemented at last:
866 The local caching of CRLs fetched via HTTP or LDAP, activated
867 by the parameter cachecrls=yes in the config setup section
868 of ipsec.conf. The dynamically fetched CRLs are stored under
869 a unique file name containing the issuer's subjectKeyID
870 in /etc/ipsec.d/crls.
872 - Applied a one-line patch courtesy of Michael Richardson
873 from the Openswan project which fixes the kernel-oops
874 in KLIPS when an snmp daemon is running on the same box.
880 - Eliminated null length CRL distribution point strings.
882 - Fixed a trust path evaluation bug introduced with 2.4.3
888 - Improved the joint OCSP / CRL revocation policy.
889 OCSP responses have precedence over CRL entries.
891 - Introduced support of CRLv2 reason codes.
893 - Fixed a bug with key-pad equipped readers which caused
894 pluto to prompt for the pin via the console when the first
895 occasion to enter the pin via the key-pad was missed.
897 - When pluto is built with LDAP_V3 enabled, the library
898 liblber required by newer versions of openldap is now
905 - Added the _updown_espmark template which requires all
906 incoming ESP traffic to be marked with a default mark
909 - Introduced the pkcs11keepstate parameter in the config setup
910 section of ipsec.conf. With pkcs11keepstate=yes the PKCS#11
911 session and login states are kept as long as possible during
912 the lifetime of pluto. This means that a PIN entry via a key
913 pad has to be done only once.
915 - Introduced the pkcs11module parameter in the config setup
916 section of ipsec.conf which specifies the PKCS#11 module
917 to be used with smart cards. Example:
919 pkcs11module=/usr/lib/pkcs11/opensc-pkcs11.lo
921 - Added support of smartcard readers equipped with a PIN pad.
923 - Added patch by Jay Pfeifer which detects when netkey
924 modules have been statically built into the Linux 2.6 kernel.
926 - Added two patches by Herbert Xu. The first uses ip xfrm
927 instead of setkey to flush the IPsec policy database. The
928 second sets the optional flag in inbound IPComp SAs only.
930 - Applied Ulrich Weber's patch which fixes an interoperability
931 problem between native IPsec and KLIPS systems caused by
932 setting the replay window to 32 instead of 0 for ipcomp.
938 - Fixed a bug which caused an unwanted Mode Config request
939 to be initiated in the case where "right" was used to denote
940 the local side in ipsec.conf and "left" the remote side,
941 contrary to the recommendation that "right" be remote and
948 - updated Vendor ID to strongSwan-2.4.0
950 - updated copyright statement to include David Buechi and
957 - strongSwan now communicates with attached smartcards and
958 USB crypto tokens via the standardized PKCS #11 interface.
959 By default the OpenSC library from www.opensc.org is used
960 but any other PKCS#11 library could be dynamically linked.
961 strongSwan's PKCS#11 API was implemented by David Buechi
962 and Michael Meier, both graduates of the Zurich University
963 of Applied Sciences in Winterthur, Switzerland.
965 - When a %trap eroute is triggered by an outgoing IP packet
966 then the native IPsec stack of the Linux 2.6 kernel [often/
967 always?] returns an XFRM_ACQUIRE message with an undefined
968 protocol family field and the connection setup fails.
969 As a workaround IPv4 (AF_INET) is now assumed.
971 - the results of the UML test scenarios are now enhanced
972 with block diagrams of the virtual network topology used
973 in a particular test.
979 - fixed IV used to decrypt informational messages.
980 This bug was introduced with Mode Config functionality.
982 - fixed NCP Vendor ID.
984 - undid one of Ulrich Weber's maximum udp size patches
985 because it caused a segmentation fault with NAT-ed
988 - added UML scenarios wildcards and attr-cert which
989 demonstrate the implementation of IPsec policies based
990 on wildcard parameters contained in Distinguished Names and
991 on X.509 attribute certificates, respectively.
997 - Added basic Mode Config functionality
999 - Added Mathieu Lafon's patch which upgrades the status of
1000 the NAT-Traversal implementation to RFC 3947.
1002 - The _startklips script now also loads the xfrm4_tunnel
1005 - Added Ulrich Weber's netlink replay window size and
1006 maximum udp size patches.
1008 - UML testing now uses the Linux 2.6.10 UML kernel by default.
1014 - Eric Marchionni and Patrik Rayo, both recent graduates from
1015 the Zuercher Hochschule Winterthur in Switzerland, created a
1016 User-Mode-Linux test setup for strongSwan. For more details
1017 please read the INSTALL and README documents in the testing
1020 - Full support of group attributes based on X.509 attribute
1021 certificates. Attribute certificates can be generated
1022 using the openac facility. For more details see
1026 The group attributes can be used in connection definitions
1027 in order to give IPsec access to specific user groups.
1028 This is done with the new parameter left|rightgroups as in
1030 rightgroups="Research, Sales"
1032 giving access to users possessing the group attributes
1033 Research or Sales, only.
1035 - In Quick Mode clients with subnet mask /32 are now
1036 coded as IP_V4_ADDRESS or IP_V6_ADDRESS. This should
1037 fix rekeying problems with the SafeNet/SoftRemote and NCP
1038 Secure Entry Clients.
1040 - Changed the defaults of the ikelifetime and keylife parameters
1041 to 3h and 1h, respectively. The maximum allowable values are
1042 now both set to 24 h.
1044 - Suppressed notification wars between two IPsec peers that
1045 could e.g. be triggered by incorrect ISAKMP encryption.
1047 - Public RSA keys can now have identical IDs if either the
1048 issuing CA or the serial number is different. The serial
1049 number of a certificate is now shown by the command
1051 ipsec auto --listpubkeys
1057 - Added Tuomo Soini's sourceip feature which allows a strongSwan
1058 roadwarrior to use a fixed Virtual IP (see README section 2.6)
1059 and reduces the well-known four tunnel case on VPN gateways to
1060 a single tunnel definition (see README section 2.4).
1062 - Fixed a bug occuring with NAT-Traversal enabled when the responder
1063 suddenly turns initiator and the initiator cannot find a matching
1064 connection because of the floated IKE port 4500.
1066 - Removed misleading ipsec verify command from barf.
1068 - Running under the native IP stack, ipsec --version now shows
1069 the Linux kernel version (courtesy to the Openswan project).
1075 - Introduced the ipsec auto --listalgs monitoring command which lists
1076 all currently registered IKE and ESP algorithms.
1078 - Fixed a bug in the ESP algorithm selection occuring when the strict flag
1079 is set and the first proposed transform does not match.
1081 - Fixed another deadlock in the use of the lock_certs_and_keys() mutex,
1082 occuring when a smartcard is present.
1084 - Prevented that a superseded Phase1 state can trigger a DPD_TIMEOUT event.
1086 - Fixed the printing of the notification names (null)
1088 - Applied another of Herbert Xu's Netlink patches.
1094 - Support of Dead Peer Detection. The connection parameter
1096 dpdaction=clear|hold
1098 activates DPD for the given connection.
1100 - The default Opportunistic Encryption (OE) policy groups are not
1101 automatically included anymore. Those wishing to activate OE can include
1102 the policy group with the following statement in ipsec.conf:
1104 include /etc/ipsec.d/examples/oe.conf
1106 The default for [right|left]rsasigkey is now set to %cert.
1108 - strongSwan now has a Vendor ID of its own which can be activated
1109 using the compile option VENDORID
1111 - Applied Herbert Xu's patch which sets the compression algorithm correctly.
1113 - Applied Herbert Xu's patch fixing an ESPINUDP problem
1115 - Applied Herbert Xu's patch setting source/destination port numbers.
1117 - Reapplied one of Herbert Xu's NAT-Traversal patches which got
1118 lost during the migration from SuperFreeS/WAN.
1120 - Fixed a deadlock in the use of the lock_certs_and_keys() mutex.
1122 - Fixed the unsharing of alg parameters when instantiating group
1129 - Thomas Walpuski made me aware of a potential DoS attack via
1130 a PKCS#7-wrapped certificate bundle which could overwrite valid CA
1131 certificates in Pluto's authority certificate store. This vulnerability
1132 was fixed by establishing trust in CA candidate certificates up to a
1133 trusted root CA prior to insertion into Pluto's chained list.
1135 - replaced the --assign option by the -v option in the auto awk script
1136 in order to make it run with mawk under debian/woody.
1142 - Split of the status information between ipsec auto --status (concise)
1143 and ipsec auto --statusall (verbose). Both commands can be used with
1144 an optional connection selector:
1146 ipsec auto --status[all] <connection_name>
1148 - Added the description of X.509 related features to the ipsec_auto(8)
1151 - Hardened the ASN.1 parser in debug mode, especially the printing
1152 of malformed distinguished names.
1154 - The size of an RSA public key received in a certificate is now restricted to
1156 512 bits <= modulus length <= 8192 bits.
1158 - Fixed the debug mode enumeration.
1164 - Fixed another PKCS#7 vulnerability which could lead to an
1165 endless loop while following the X.509 trust chain.
1171 - Fixed the PKCS#7 vulnerability discovered by Thomas Walpuski
1172 that accepted end certificates having identical issuer and subject
1173 distinguished names in a multi-tier X.509 trust chain.
1179 - Removed all remaining references to ipsec_netlink.h in KLIPS.
1185 - The new "ca" section allows to define the following parameters:
1188 cacert=koolCA.pem # cacert of kool CA
1189 ocspuri=http://ocsp.kool.net:8001 # ocsp server
1190 ldapserver=ldap.kool.net # default ldap server
1191 crluri=http://www.kool.net/kool.crl # crl distribution point
1192 crluri2="ldap:///O=Kool, C= .." # crl distribution point #2
1193 auto=add # add, ignore
1195 The ca definitions can be monitored via the command
1197 ipsec auto --listcainfos
1199 - Fixed cosmetic corruption of /proc filesystem by integrating
1200 D. Hugh Redelmeier's freeswan-2.06 kernel fixes.
1206 - Added support for the 818043 NAT-Traversal update of Microsoft's
1207 Windows 2000/XP IPsec client which sends an ID_FQDN during Quick Mode.
1209 - A symbolic link to libcrypto is now added in the kernel sources
1210 during kernel compilation
1212 - Fixed a couple of 64 bit issues (mostly casts to int).
1213 Thanks to Ken Bantoft who checked my sources on a 64 bit platform.
1215 - Replaced s[n]printf() statements in the kernel by ipsec_snprintf().
1216 Credits go to D. Hugh Redelmeier, Michael Richardson, and Sam Sgro
1217 of the FreeS/WAN team who solved this problem with the 2.4.25 kernel.
1223 - an empty ASN.1 SEQUENCE OF or SET OF object (e.g. a subjectAltName
1224 certificate extension which contains no generalName item) can cause
1225 a pluto crash. This bug has been fixed. Additionally the ASN.1 parser has
1226 been hardened to make it more robust against malformed ASN.1 objects.
1228 - applied Herbert Xu's NAT-T patches which fixes NAT-T under the native
1229 Linux 2.6 IPsec stack.
1235 - based on freeswan-2.04, x509-1.5.3, nat-0.6c, alg-0.8.1rc12